Menstrual Disorders and Main Indicators of Hormonal and Metabolic Homeostasis in Teenage Girls Against the Background of Endemic Goiter

Along with the widespread prevalence of goiter endemics, the medical and social significance of this problem is determined by the multifaceted spectrum of pathological abnormalities associated with asymptomatic course or hypothyroxinemia, causing numerous disorders at almost all stages of menstrual and reproductive function development. The objective of the research was to substantiate and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence, structure and leading factors of dishormonal disorders of menstrual function in adolescent girls with diffuse endemic goiter, and to develop a diagnostic algorithm based on the risk of the formation of this pathology. Materials and Methods. Two study groups were formed and a clinical laboratory examination was performed in 210 patients: 120 of them were diagnosed with menstrual dysfunction against the background of thyroid dysfunction (the main group); 60 girls were diagnosed with menstrual dysfunction and healthy thyroid gland (the comparison group); 30 apparently healthy girls made up the control group. Experimental and psychological methods, hormonal investigation of the level of thyroid, gonadotropic and steroid hormones, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and vitamin D content in blood plasma were used. Results and Discussion. Hypomenstrual syndrome, secondary amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, manifestations of premenstrual syndrome and anovulatory conditions are the main menstrual disorders in adolescents suffering from endemic goiter. One third of the girls in the main group had an increase in the proportion of delayed sexual development, while in the control group, physiological rates of sexual development occurred in 96.7% of observations. The presented hormonal studies made it possible to identify differentiated changes taking into account different clinical forms of menstrual disorders in this category of patients. The transition to the “mature” type of reproductive system functioning in girls with endemic goiter is associated with changes in prolactin secretion from low levels to the indicators that exceed the reference values, which is characterized by increased functional hyperprolactinemia. Generalization of the frequencies of the main psycho-emotional characteristics and indicators of the personal profile in the girls of the studied cohort allowed revealing the constant dominance of psycho-emotional manifestations of moderate degree, as well as high levels of psycho-emotional stress and depressive disorders against the background of dishormonal disorders and thyroid gland dysfunction. Obtained deviations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level were noticed at the initial stages of thyroid disorder, and low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels contributed to the manifestation of thyroid pathology. Conclusions. Dissociation of the thyroid system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis initiates menstrual disorders, development of functional cysts and multifollicular structure of the ovarian tissue, and, in case of hypothyroidism, is considered as a factor of metabolic disorders and polycystic ovary syndrome.

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Dystyreoz as risk factors for the formation of secondary amenoreyeyi girls who live in low iodine deficiency

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2017.124.16 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

S.I. Turchinа ◽

◽

T.A. Nachetova ◽

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Iodine Deficiency ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Thyroid Volume ◽

Main Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Menstrual Dysfunction ◽

Normal Thyroid ◽

Secondary Amenorrhea ◽

Toxic Goiter

The article highlights new data on the effect of thyroid dysfunction on the formation of secondary amenorrhea in adolescent girls who live for a long time in conditions of weak iodine deficiency. The objective: to determine the state of the thyroid system in girls with SA, taking into account the presence of thyroid disorders. Materials and methods. Under observation were 68 girls aged 14-17 years with SA, living in conditions of weak iodine deficiency in Kharkov and the Kharkov region. The examination provided for an ultrasound of the thyroid gland and determination of the functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system. Girls with SA entered the main group. Depending on the presence of thyreopathy, namely, diffuse non-toxic goiter (DNG), the patients of the main group were divided into two subgroups: 1-st subgroup consists of a girls with SA and normal thyroid volume (n=39); 2-nd subgroup consists of girls with SA and DNG (n=29). The control group included 78 female peers with normal thyroid volume, harmonious physical development and normal menstrual function. Results. The obtained results allowed to establish that the formation of SA in girls living in conditions of low iodine deficiency occurs against a background of thyroid dysfunction, the character of which differs in girls with normal thyroid gland volume and DNG. This can be regarded as a succession of stages of the pathological process when, in conditions of prolonged residence in regions with a mild iodine deficiency, a distearosis is formed which is characterized by an increase in the fT4 conversion in fT3, reflecting an increase in the fT3/fT4 ratio in the vast majority of the girls surveyed. These changes in the thyroid profile negatively affect the development of the reproductive system and can cause menstrual dysfunction even in the absence of thyroid disease. The conclusion. Prevention and treatment of SA in girls living in conditions of low iodine deficiency, provides long-term use of pharmacological drugs potassium iodide in age doses. Key words: girls, thyroid gland, thyroid status, secondary amenorrhea.

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Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2019.6_7.10 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 68-73

Author(s):

Trong Nghia Nguyen ◽

Thi Nhan Nguyen ◽

Thi Dua Dao

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Medical Center ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Key Words Metabolic Syndrome ◽

And Control

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors that tend to cluster together in affected individuals more often than predicted by chance. The presence of the metabolic syndrome substantially increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes, many of which are closely associated with aging. Current estimates suggest that approximately 20 - 25% of the world’s population is affected by the metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome rises with age and more than 45% of people aged over 60 years have the metabolic syndrome. Recent studies show that low vitamin D status is very common in the world and this is a risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Objective: (1) Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome. (2) Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Material and method: A cross-sectional study with control group on 318 adult subjects for health examinations at International Medical Center at Hue Central Hospital, including 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome and control group of 179 healthy subjects. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the IDF, NHLBI, AHA, WHF, IAS, IASO (2009). Plasma hydroxyvitamin D concentration was measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Reciever operating characteristic (ROC) curve were generated to assess sensitivity and specificity for different cut off value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome. Results: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome was 26.4 ng/ml, incidence of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (59.7%) was significantly higher than in control group (23.5%) (p < 0.001). The optimal cut off point for 25-OH-D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml (AUC=0.657, sensitivity=53.4%, specificity=71.6%). Conclusion: In 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome, the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 26.4 ng/ml and the incidence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the metabolic syndrome group was 59.7%. The optimal cut off point for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml. Key words: Metabolic syndrome, 25-hydroxyvitamin D

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Low Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Vitamin D) Level Is Associated With Susceptibility to COVID-19, Severity, and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.660420 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Rizki Akbar ◽

Arief Wibowo ◽

Raymond Pranata ◽

Budi Setiabudiawan

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Control Group ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Literature Searches ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Meta Regression Analysis ◽

Embase Database ◽

Low Serum

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level is associated with susceptibility to COVID-19, severity, and mortality related to COVID-19.Methods: Systematic literature searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase database up until 9 December 2020. We include published observational prospective and retrospective studies with information on 25-OHD that reported main/secondary outcome. Low serum 25-OHD refers to participants with serum 25-OHD level below a cut-off point ranging from 20 to 30 ng/mL. Other cut-off values were excluded to reduce heterogeneity. The main outcome was mortality defined as non-survivor/death. The secondary outcome was susceptibility and severe COVID-19.Results: There were 14 studies comprising of 999,179 participants. Low serum 25-OHD was associated with higher rate of COVID-19 infection compared to the control group (OR = 2.71 [1.72, 4.29], p < 0.001; I2: 92.6%). Higher rate of severe COVID-19 was observed in patients with low serum 25-OHD (OR = 1.90 [1.24, 2.93], p = 0.003; I2: 55.3%), with a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 39%, PLR of 1.4, NLR of 0.43, and DOR of 3. Low serum 25-OHD was associated with higher mortality (OR = 3.08 [1.35, 7.00], p = 0.011; I2: 80.3%), with a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 35%, PLR of 1.3, NLR of 0.44, and DOR of 3. Meta-regression analysis showed that the association between low serum 25-OHD and mortality was affected by male gender (OR = 1.22 [1.08, 1.39], p = 0.002), diabetes (OR = 0.88 [0.79, 0.98], p = 0.019).Conclusion: Low serum 25-OHD level was associated with COVID-19 infection, severe presentation, and mortality.

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The association between parameters of oral mucosal immunity and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with rampant caries

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2021-4-32-38 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

A. S. Putneva ◽

T. M. Karavaeva ◽

M. V. Maksimenya ◽

P. P. Tereshkov ◽

M. N. Mishchenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Level ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Control Group ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽

Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Tgf Β1 ◽

Rampant Caries

Aim. To determine the saliva level of immunoregulatory proteins in patients with rampant caries and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency and evaluate the association of their concentration with 25(OH)D plasma level.Materials and methods. The study was performed in two groups. The experimental group included 15 patients aged 20–22 years with rampant caries and the 25(OH)D plasma level of < 20 ng / ml. The control group encompassed 15 healthy age-matched volunteers with the 25(OH)D plasma level of 20–100 ng / ml. The concentrations of B7.2 (CD86), free active TGF-β1, CTLA-4, PD-1, Tim-3, LAG-3, IGFBP-4, and ICAM-1 were assessed using flow cytometry. The levels of LL-37 and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were measured using ELISA. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to reveal a correlation between the indicated proteins and the 25(OH)D plasma level.Results. A decrease in B7.2 (CD86), PD-1, Tim-3, sIgA, and LL-37 and elevation of IGFBP-4 and ICAM-1 saliva levels were detected in patients with rampant caries and 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency. A positive Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was revealed between plasma 25(OH)D and saliva levels of free active TGF-β1, CTLA4, B7.2 (CD86), LL-37, and sIgA. A negative correlation was revealed between 25(OH)Dand ICAM-1.Conclusion. 25(OH)D deficiency in patients with rampant caries is associated with decreased levels of B7.2 (CD86), PD-1, Tim-3, sIgA, and LL-37 and elevated levels of IGFBP-4 and ICAM-1 in the saliva.

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Five salmon dinners per week were not sufficient to prevent the reduction in serum vitamin D in autumn at 60° north latitude: a randomised trial

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114519002964 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 123 (4) ◽

pp. 419-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marianne Bratlie ◽

Ingrid V. Hagen ◽

Anita Helland ◽

Øivind Midttun ◽

Arve Ulvik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Fish Intake ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Western Norway ◽

Increased Risk ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

High Fish ◽

North Latitude

AbstractLow serum concentrations of several vitamins have been linked to increased risk of diseases including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fish is a good source of several vitamins, and the prevalence of T2D is low in populations with high fish intake. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of high fish intake on vitamins in serum from adults in autumn in South-Western Norway at 60° north latitude. In this randomised clinical trial, sixty-three healthy participants with overweight/obesity consumed 750 g/week of either cod (n 22) or salmon (n 22) as five weekly dinners or were instructed to continue their normal eating habits but avoid fish intake (Control group, n 19) for 8 weeks. The estimated vitamin D intake was significantly increased in the Salmon group when compared with the Cod group (P = 6·3 × 10−4) and with the Control group (P = 3·5 × 10−6), with no differences between groups for estimated intake of vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, C and E. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 concentration was decreased in all groups after 8 weeks; however, the reduction in the Salmon group was significantly smaller compared with the Cod group (P = 0·013) and the Control group (P = 0·0060). Cod and salmon intake did not affect serum concentrations of the other measured vitamins. The findings suggest that 750 g/week of salmon was not sufficient to prevent a decrease in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in autumn in South-Western Norway in adults with overweight/obesity.

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Is the Climb Worth the View? The Savings/Alert Ratio for Reducing Vitamin D Testing

Applied Clinical Informatics ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1701678 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 160-165

Author(s):

Chase D. Hendrickson ◽

Michael F. McLemore ◽

Kathryn M. Dahir ◽

Shari Just ◽

Zahra Shajani-Yi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Medical Center ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Control Group ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

A Charge ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Despite guideline recommendations, vitamin D testing has increased substantially. Clinical decision support (CDS) presents an opportunity to reduce inappropriate laboratory testing. Objectives and Methods To reduce inappropriate testing of vitamin D at the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, a CDS assigned providers to receive or not receive an electronic alert each time a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay was ordered for an adult patient unless the order was associated with a diagnosis in the patient's chart for which vitamin D testing is recommended. The CDS ran for 80 days, collecting data on number of tests, provider information, and basic patient demographics. Results During the 80 days, providers placed 12,368 orders for 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The intervention group ordered a vitamin D assay and received the alert for potentially inappropriate testing 2,181 times and completed the 25-hydroxyvitamin D order in 89.9% of encounters, while the control group ordered a vitamin D assay (without receiving an alert) 2,032 times and completed the order in 98.1% of encounters, for an absolute reduction of testing of 8% (p < 0.001). Conclusion This CDS reduced vitamin D ordering by utilizing a soft-stop approach. At a charge of $179.00 per test and a cost to the laboratory of $4.20 per test, each display of the alert led to an average reduction of $14.70 in charges and of $0.34 in spending by the laboratory (the savings/alert ratio). By describing the effectiveness of an electronic alert in terms of the savings/alert ratio, the impact of this intervention can be better appreciated and compared with other interventions.

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Serum vitamin D content in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Siberian medical review ◽

10.20333/25000136-2021-6-79-82 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 79-82

Author(s):

V.N. Peregoedova ◽

◽

I.K. Bogomolova ◽

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Serum Level ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Immunochemical Method ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Aim of study. To study the total level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Material and мethods. A total of 82 children aged 0-17 diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Depending on the severity of clinical symptoms, all children were divided into three groups according to the COVID-19 severity: asymptomatic, mild and moderate. The serum level of vitamin D in all patients was tested via the immunochemical method. Results. It was found that children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had lower serum level of vitamin D (29.92 [22.22; 28.07] ng/ml) as compared with the control group (36.43 [32.05; 44.08] ng/ml; p<0.001). A total of 90% of the children with SARS-CoV-2 infection were diagnosed with insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin D (<30 ng/ml). Only 10 % of the patients had normal levels of vitamin D. The insufficiency of vitamin D was found more often amongst children aged 0-11 and deficiency of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D was more common for children aged 12-17. The difference in serum levels of vitamin D depending on the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection was not found. Male children with SARS-CoV-2 infection showed lower levels of vitamin D (p=0.013). Conclusion. A total of 90 % of the children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin D regardless of the severity of clinical symptoms.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF METABOLIC PROCESSES IN THE FORMATION OF MENSTRUAL FUNCTION DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH OBESITY

Neonatology surgery and perinatal medicine ◽

10.24061/2413-4260.xi.4.42.2021.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4(42)) ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

A. Borshuliak ◽

O. Andriets ◽

A. Andriets ◽

A. Semeniak

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Body Mass ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Main Group ◽

Leptin Resistance ◽

Control Group ◽

Menstrual Dysfunction

Іntroduction. Today, a quarter of the population of economically developed countries has a body weight that is 15% larger than the norm. According to various authors, the timely onset of menarche in women with various forms of obesity and reproductive dysfunction is observed in 31% of cases only. Obesity results in insulin resistance, which in its turn results in hyperinsulinemia. The main reason of the connection of insulin resistance with reproductive function disorders consists in the specific influence of insulin on ovaries. Insulin suppresses apoptosis, binding to receptors of various growth factors that promotes long existence of atresizing follicles. In the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, along with the development of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, a significant role belongs to the imbalance of adipocytokines, one of which is adiponectin. The aim is to analyze metabolic processes in the formation of menstrual dysfunction in adolescent girls with obesity to improve diagnostic methods of menstrual disorders. Material and methods. Clinical and laboratory examination of adolescent girls aged 12-18 years was held, among which 79 had obesity and complaints about menstrual dysfunction (the main group); 31 with normal body weight and regular menstrual cycle (the control group). Research methods: general clinical, biochemical (indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined), instrumental (ultrasound), statistical. Results. It was found that 53.3% of the girls from the main group had the beginning of the first menstruation after 14 years, delayed menstruation from 42 days to 6 days, duration 2.1 ± 0.05 days, which was significantly shorter, the volume of 10.2 ± 0.05; 0.4 points (average 1-2 pads per day) was significantly lower (p <0.05). Ultrasound showed uterine hypoplasia in almost every second girl in the main group - 36 (45.46%). Hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance was found in obesity of the first degree 34.8 ± 1.75, in obesity of the second degree 37.15 ± 2.12, in obesity of the third degree 40.64 ± 2.0. It was 14.35 ng / ml in the control group, p<0,01. Hyperleptinemia in the main group was accompanied by hyperinsulinemia in 26% of cases and insulin resistance. The relationship between low values of adiponectin and elevated body mass index in patients of the main group was established, which was confirmed by the results of correlation analysis (adiponectin & body mass index: ρ = -0.74). Analysis of the results revealed a decrease of A/L level in the main group by 4.3 times. Based on our own results, the A/L and HOMA-AD models can be considered more accurate for determining insulin resistance. Conclusions. 1. Changes of the menstrual cycle in overweight girls were found. The association of adipokines secretion disorders is characterized by hyperleptinemia, leptin resistance, decreased Adiponectin / Leptin index and hypoadiponectinemia, which, in combination with insulin resistance, indicates the participation of adipokines in the genesis of oligomenorrhea. The algorithm of adolescents’ treatment with menstrual dysfunction on the background of obesity must include the calculation of Adiponectin/Leptin and HOMA-AD, which will make it possible to avoid overdiagnosis of insulin resistance.

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Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Concentrations and Calcium Levels in Preeclamptic Women, Sindh, Pakistan

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i52b33619 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216-221

Author(s):

Khalil Ahmed Memon ◽

Hazoora Shaikh ◽

Rukhsana Soomoro ◽

Yasmeen Joyo ◽

Saira Parveen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Objectives: To analyse the levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH) Dand calcium concentrations in patients with pre-eclampsia, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Methodology: Cross sectional study was conducted at the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, LUHS, Hyderabad during the period of January 2020 to June 2020. Total 150 pregnant women were selected according to predesign Proforma and divided into two groups. 50 females were normal normotensive pregnant women as a control group, 100 were pre-eclamptic patients as case group. Obstetric history, clinical data was gathered and then 5ml of blood sample was collected from each patient. The blood samples were taken for the analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D or 25(OH)D and calcium levels. 25(OH)D were performed on chemiluminescence, While calcium concentration of Microlab 300. Data was analysed by using SPSS version 23. Student t-test was used for analysed of continuous variables. Results: The maternal serum vitamin D and calcium levels were significantly decreased as compared to patient with preeclampsia and normotensive healthy pregnant ladies. The blood pressure also declined in case group with P<0.001.Multinomial logistic regression showed significant odd ratio of Vitamin-D and Calcium deficiency in preeclampsia. Conclusion: The present study reveals that 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and Calcium levels declined significantly in preeclamptic women, and mighty be biomarker of this life threating disease.

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The role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ionized calcium and phosphorus in breast cancer females: A case-control study

International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.14419/ijbas.v4i2.4563 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadia Abd El Moneim ◽

Taha Hewala ◽

Mona Rashad ◽

Yousria Moussa ◽

Nehal Abu-Samra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Ionized Calcium ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Serum Ionized Calcium ◽

Group Serum

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D), ionized calcium and phosphorus in comparison with serum CA15.3 as the most commonly used breast cancer marker.Participants and methods: This study was conducted on 45 breast cancer female patients with recently detected breast cancer before surgery and 45 apparently healthy female controls of matched age, menstrual and socioeconomic status as breast cancer patients group. Serum 25(OH) D, ionized calcium, phosphorus and CA15.3 were measured using ready-for-use commercially available kits.Results: Serum levels of 25(OH) D and ionized calcium in the breast cancer patients group were significantly lower than those of the control group, while serum levels of phosphorus and CA15.3 in breast cancer patients group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The area under the ROC curve for serum ionized calcium (81.7%) was significantly greater than that of 25(OH) D (75.3%), CA 15.3 (70.1%) and phosphorus (62.8%). The odd’s ratio of vitamin D was 0.0937 (95% CI=0.0311-0.2823), of ionized calcium was 0.0464 (95% CI=0.015-0.141) and of phosphorus was 2.6801(95% CI=1.1269- 6.3742) in breast cancer patients group. Serum phosphorus was significantly correlated with age and menopausal status of breast cancer patients.Conclusion: Our results suggest that serum ionized calcium and 25(OH) D were superior to serum CA15.3 and phosphorus for prediction of breast cancer. In addition, our results indicate that 25 (OH) D and calcium may decrease the risk for breast cancer incidence, while phosphorus may increase this risk. None of the assayed biomarkers has a prognostic role in breast cancer.

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