Dystyreoz as risk factors for the formation of secondary amenoreyeyi girls who live in low iodine deficiency

2017 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
S.I. Turchinа ◽  
◽  
T.A. Nachetova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Secondary Amenorrhea ◽  
Toxic Goiter

The article highlights new data on the effect of thyroid dysfunction on the formation of secondary amenorrhea in adolescent girls who live for a long time in conditions of weak iodine deficiency. The objective: to determine the state of the thyroid system in girls with SA, taking into account the presence of thyroid disorders. Materials and methods. Under observation were 68 girls aged 14-17 years with SA, living in conditions of weak iodine deficiency in Kharkov and the Kharkov region. The examination provided for an ultrasound of the thyroid gland and determination of the functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system. Girls with SA entered the main group. Depending on the presence of thyreopathy, namely, diffuse non-toxic goiter (DNG), the patients of the main group were divided into two subgroups: 1-st subgroup consists of a girls with SA and normal thyroid volume (n=39); 2-nd subgroup consists of girls with SA and DNG (n=29). The control group included 78 female peers with normal thyroid volume, harmonious physical development and normal menstrual function. Results. The obtained results allowed to establish that the formation of SA in girls living in conditions of low iodine deficiency occurs against a background of thyroid dysfunction, the character of which differs in girls with normal thyroid gland volume and DNG. This can be regarded as a succession of stages of the pathological process when, in conditions of prolonged residence in regions with a mild iodine deficiency, a distearosis is formed which is characterized by an increase in the fT4 conversion in fT3, reflecting an increase in the fT3/fT4 ratio in the vast majority of the girls surveyed. These changes in the thyroid profile negatively affect the development of the reproductive system and can cause menstrual dysfunction even in the absence of thyroid disease. The conclusion. Prevention and treatment of SA in girls living in conditions of low iodine deficiency, provides long-term use of pharmacological drugs potassium iodide in age doses. Key words: girls, thyroid gland, thyroid status, secondary amenorrhea.

scholarly journals Prevalence of iodine deficiency and goitre during pregnancy in east Hungary

2000 ◽  
pp. 479-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Mezosi ◽  
I Molnar ◽  
A Jakab ◽  
E Balogh ◽  
Z Karanyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nodular Goitre

OBJECTIVE: To assess the iodine nutritional status and the prevalence of goitre during pregnancy in a region of Hungary that appeared to be iodine sufficient in previous studies. DESIGN: A cross-sectional voluntary screening study was organized in which 313 pregnant women participated. METHODS: Urine iodine concentration and the volume of the thyroid gland were measured in every woman. In the presence of low urinary iodine concentrations, goitre, or both, thyroid function tests were performed. RESULTS: Iodine deficiency was found in 57.1% of the pregnant women, and was severe in 15.6%. The volume of the thyroid gland was enlarged in 19.2% of individuals. Nodular goitre was found in 17 women (5.4%). The frequency of goitre and the mean thyroid volume were increased in the group of iodine-deficient women. In the 89 cases of iodine deficiency or goitre, thyrotrophin concentrations were in the normal range; however, the free triiodothyronine:free throxine ratio was increased in 97% of them, indicating that the thyroid gland was in a stimulated state in these individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Iodine deficiency with high prevalence of goitre was recognized among pregnant women in an area that previously appeared to be iodine sufficient. An unexpected mild iodine deficiency was also noted in the non-pregnant control group. Reassessment and continuous monitoring of iodine nutritional status is warranted even in populations that are apparently considered to be 'at no risk' of iodine deficiency, especially in pregnant women. Regular administration of iodine, starting at preconception or in early pregnancy and continuing during the period of nursing, is recommended in these regions.

scholarly journals Menstrual Disorders and Main Indicators of Hormonal and Metabolic Homeostasis in Teenage Girls Against the Background of Endemic Goiter

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Hafiichuk ◽  
Nataliya Henyk
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Endemic Goiter ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Along with the widespread prevalence of goiter endemics, the medical and social significance of this problem is determined by the multifaceted spectrum of pathological abnormalities associated with asymptomatic course or hypothyroxinemia, causing numerous disorders at almost all stages of menstrual and reproductive function development. The objective of the research was to substantiate and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence, structure and leading factors of dishormonal disorders of menstrual function in adolescent girls with diffuse endemic goiter, and to develop a diagnostic algorithm based on the risk of the formation of this pathology. Materials and Methods. Two study groups were formed and a clinical laboratory examination was performed in 210 patients: 120 of them were diagnosed with menstrual dysfunction against the background of thyroid dysfunction (the main group); 60 girls were diagnosed with menstrual dysfunction and healthy thyroid gland (the comparison group); 30 apparently healthy girls made up the control group. Experimental and psychological methods, hormonal investigation of the level of thyroid, gonadotropic and steroid hormones, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and vitamin D content in blood plasma were used. Results and Discussion. Hypomenstrual syndrome, secondary amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, manifestations of premenstrual syndrome and anovulatory conditions are the main menstrual disorders in adolescents suffering from endemic goiter. One third of the girls in the main group had an increase in the proportion of delayed sexual development, while in the control group, physiological rates of sexual development occurred in 96.7% of observations. The presented hormonal studies made it possible to identify differentiated changes taking into account different clinical forms of menstrual disorders in this category of patients. The transition to the “mature” type of reproductive system functioning in girls with endemic goiter is associated with changes in prolactin secretion from low levels to the indicators that exceed the reference values, which is characterized by increased functional hyperprolactinemia. Generalization of the frequencies of the main psycho-emotional characteristics and indicators of the personal profile in the girls of the studied cohort allowed revealing the constant dominance of psycho-emotional manifestations of moderate degree, as well as high levels of psycho-emotional stress and depressive disorders against the background of dishormonal disorders and thyroid gland dysfunction. Obtained deviations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D level were noticed at the initial stages of thyroid disorder, and low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels contributed to the manifestation of thyroid pathology. Conclusions. Dissociation of the thyroid system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis initiates menstrual disorders, development of functional cysts and multifollicular structure of the ovarian tissue, and, in case of hypothyroidism, is considered as a factor of metabolic disorders and polycystic ovary syndrome.

scholarly journals Standardized grey scale ultrasonography in Graves' disease: correlation to autoimmune activity

1999 ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Schiemann ◽  
R Gellner ◽  
B Riemann ◽  
G Schierbaum ◽  
J Menzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Grey Scale ◽  
Antithyroid Drug Treatment ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
A Prospective Study

OBJECTIVE: Graves' disease leads to thyroid enlargement and to reduction of tissue echogenicity. Our purpose was to correlate grey scale ultrasonography of the thyroid gland with clinical and laboratory findings in patients with Graves' disease. DESIGN: Fifty-three patients with Graves'disease were included in our study, 100 euthyroid volunteers served as control group. Free thyroxine (FT(4)), TSH and TRAb (TSH receptor antibodies) values were measured and correlated with sonographic echogenicity of the thyroid gland. METHODS: All patients and control persons underwent ultrasonographical histogram analyses under standardized conditions. Mean densities of the thyroid tissues were determined in grey scales (GWE). RESULTS: Compared with controls with homogeneous thyroid lobes of normal size (25.6 +/- 2.0GWE, mean +/- S.D.) echogenicity in patients with Graves' disease was significantly lower (21.3 +/- 3. 3GWE, mean +/- S.D., P < 0.0001). Among the patients with Graves' disease significant differences of thyroid echo levels were revealed for patients with suppressed (20.4 +/- 3.1 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=34) and normalized TSH values (22.5 +/- 3.6GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=19, P < 0.02). Significantly lower echogenicities were also measured in cases of persistent elevated TRAb levels (19.9 +/- 2.9GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=31) in comparison with normal TRAb levels (22.9 +/- 3.5 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=22, P < 0.0015). No correlation could be verified between echogenicity and either still elevated or already normalized FT(4) values or the thyroid volume. In coincidence of hyperthyroidism and Graves' ophthalmopathy (19.7 +/- 3.5GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=23) significantly lower echogenicity was measured than in the absence of ophthalmological symptoms (22.3 +/- 3.3GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=30, P < 0.016). Patients needing active antithyroid drug treatment revealed significantly lower thyroid echogenicity (20.3 +/- 3.1 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=40) than patients in remission (23.7 +/- 3.4 GWE, mean +/- S.D., n=13, P < 0.001). Statistical evaluation was carried out using Student's t-test. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized grey scale histogram analysis allows for supplementary judgements of thyroid function and degree of autoimmune activity in Graves' disease. Whether these values help to estimate the risk of recurrence of hyperthyroidism after withdrawal of antithyroid medication should be evaluated in a prospective study.

scholarly journals Effect of small doses of iodine on thyroid function in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis residing in an area of mild iodine deficiency

1998 ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Reinhardt ◽  
M Luster ◽  
KH Rudorff ◽  
C Heckmann ◽  
S Petrasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Doses

OBJECTIVE: Several studies have suggested that iodine may influence thyroid hormone status, and perhaps antibody production, in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. To date, studies have been carried out using large amounts of iodine. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of small doses of iodine on thyroid function and thyroid antibody levels in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis who were living in an area of mild dietary iodine deficiency. METHODS: Forty patients who tested positive for anti-thyroid (TPO) antibodies or with a moderate to severe hypoechogenic pattern on ultrasound received 250 microg potassium iodide daily for 4 months (range 2-13 months). An additional 43 patients positive for TPO antibodies or with hypoechogenicity on ultrasound served as a control group. All patients were TBII negative. RESULTS: Seven patients in the iodine-treated group developed subclinical hypothyroidism and one patient became hypothyroid. Three of the seven who were subclinically hypothyroid became euthyroid again when iodine treatment was stopped. One patient developed hyperthyroidism with a concomitant increase in TBII titre to 17 U/l, but after iodine withdrawal this patient became euthyroid again. Only one patient in the control group developed subclinical hypothyroidism during the same time period. All nine patients who developed thyroid dysfunction had reduced echogenicity on ultrasound. Four of the eight patients who developed subclinical hypothyroidism had TSH concentrations greater than 3 mU/l. In 32 patients in the iodine-treated group and 42 in the control group, no significant changes in thyroid function, antibody titres or thyroid volume were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Small amounts of supplementary iodine (250 microg) cause slight but significant changes in thyroid hormone function in predisposed individuals.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF METABOLIC PROCESSES IN THE FORMATION OF MENSTRUAL FUNCTION DISORDERS IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH OBESITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4(42)) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
A. Borshuliak ◽  
O. Andriets ◽  
A. Andriets ◽  
A. Semeniak
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction

Іntroduction. Today, a quarter of the population of economically developed countries has a body weight that is 15% larger than the norm. According to various authors, the timely onset of menarche in women with various forms of obesity and reproductive dysfunction is observed in 31% of cases only. Obesity results in insulin resistance, which in its turn results in hyperinsulinemia. The main reason of the connection of insulin resistance with reproductive function disorders consists in the specific influence of insulin on ovaries. Insulin suppresses apoptosis, binding to receptors of various growth factors that promotes long existence of atresizing follicles. In the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, along with the development of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, a significant role belongs to the imbalance of adipocytokines, one of which is adiponectin. The aim is to analyze metabolic processes in the formation of menstrual dysfunction in adolescent girls with obesity to improve diagnostic methods of menstrual disorders. Material and methods. Clinical and laboratory examination of adolescent girls aged 12-18 years was held, among which 79 had obesity and complaints about menstrual dysfunction (the main group); 31 with normal body weight and regular menstrual cycle (the control group). Research methods: general clinical, biochemical (indicators of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were determined), instrumental (ultrasound), statistical. Results. It was found that 53.3% of the girls from the main group had the beginning of the first menstruation after 14 years, delayed menstruation from 42 days to 6 days, duration 2.1 ± 0.05 days, which was significantly shorter, the volume of 10.2 ± 0.05; 0.4 points (average 1-2 pads per day) was significantly lower (p <0.05). Ultrasound showed uterine hypoplasia in almost every second girl in the main group - 36 (45.46%). Hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance was found in obesity of the first degree 34.8 ± 1.75, in obesity of the second degree 37.15 ± 2.12, in obesity of the third degree 40.64 ± 2.0. It was 14.35 ng / ml in the control group, p<0,01. Hyperleptinemia in the main group was accompanied by hyperinsulinemia in 26% of cases and insulin resistance. The relationship between low values of adiponectin and elevated body mass index in patients of the main group was established, which was confirmed by the results of correlation analysis (adiponectin & body mass index: ρ = -0.74). Analysis of the results revealed a decrease of A/L level in the main group by 4.3 times. Based on our own results, the A/L and HOMA-AD models can be considered more accurate for determining insulin resistance. Conclusions. 1. Changes of the menstrual cycle in overweight girls were found. The association of adipokines secretion disorders is characterized by hyperleptinemia, leptin resistance, decreased Adiponectin / Leptin index and hypoadiponectinemia, which, in combination with insulin resistance, indicates the participation of adipokines in the genesis of oligomenorrhea. The algorithm of adolescents’ treatment with menstrual dysfunction on the background of obesity must include the calculation of Adiponectin/Leptin and HOMA-AD, which will make it possible to avoid overdiagnosis of insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Thyroid function in pregnant women with mild iodine deficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Fadeev ◽  
S. V. Lesnikova ◽  
G. A. Melnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Additional Risk

The study whose purpose was to examine the time course of changes in the function of thyroid gland (TG) in pregnant women with mild iodine deficiency enrolled 218 females in different periods of pregnancy in accordance with the following criteria: the absence of dysfunction (of TG). In 128 patients of them, baseline TG pathology was absent; 90 patients were found to have these or those types of euthyroid goiter. Some women received iodine preventive therapy (150-200 mcg of potassium iodide daily) on an individual basis. Comparison of the levels of TTH and T4 in women receiving and no receiving iodine preventive therapy revealed that by the end of pregnancy, those receiving 150-200 pg of potassium iodide had significantly lower TTN levels and higher T4 levels. Comparing the time course of changes in the volume of TG between these groups showed that they did not increase to a significantly greater extent in the females receiving no iodine preventive therapy. Whether potassium iodide was used, there were no changes in the size of TG nodal masses during pregnancy. In the control group, active smokers were fewer than those in the goiter group (p = 0.035). Six-ten months after labor, the volume of TG further increased in the females without iodine preventive therapy group while that substantially decreased in those receiving 150-200 pg of iodine daily. It is concluded that pregnancy in the presence of mild iodine deficiency is accompanied by a higher risk of the development and progression of goiter, and by a risk for gestational hypothyroxinemia, which is prevented by an individual iodine preventive therapy with 150-200 pg of potassium iodide daily. Furthermore, pregnancy is not accompanied by a risk of increases in the size of nodal euthyroid colloid goiter that does not itself entail an additional risk for gestational hypothyroxinemia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of thyroid profile for renal dysfunction in dairy cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-101
Author(s):  
N. Vovkotrub ◽  
A. Melnyk ◽  
V. Bezukh ◽  
M. Tyshkivskii
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Toxic Goiter

Chronic pathological process in kidney saffect the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system and peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. Pathological blood components, which accumulate due to intoxication of metabolic products, the uremic toxins, can affect the metabolism of T3 - and T4 -hormones. In cows on the Ukraine territory such thyroid diseases as hypothyroidism, less often hyperthyroidism, endemic and sporadic goiter, diffuse toxic goiter, tumors were detected, changes in the functional state of the thyroid gland with ketosis, osteodystrophy, hepatodystrophy, polymorbidic pathology were described. Metabolic diseases, which are based on impaired absorption of certain macro-and micronutrients, determine the functional activity of the thyroid gland. The data presented in the article indicate the develop of latent nephropathy in cows during the early milking period with the background of reduced energy supply, which was reflected in the disorders of filtration, excretory and concentration capacity of renal structures with a probable decrease the urea (p<0.001) and creatinine to 3982.4±414.4 μmol/l in urine, a decrease in the value of concentration indices – CI and FCU in 1.7 and 1.4 times, respectively, compared with animals in the control group, the development of hypostenuria with a decrease in relative urinary density to 1.022±0.004 kg/m3 (p<0,01) and selective proteinuria with a probable increase in the protein/creatinine ratio in 3.14 times compared with the cows of the control group. The disorders of the renal functional state was accompanied by changes in the thyroid profile in cows, which was characterized by a probable increase the T3 hormone level to 4.12±0.55 nmol/l (p<0.05) with a simultaneous decrease in thyroxine to 74.2±13,0 nmol/l (p<0,05) on the background of high values of TSH in blood serum (666.8±51.9 nMO/ml). Key words: nephropathy, highly productive cows, thyroid gland, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Disorders of iodine excess

2011 ◽  
pp. 403-408
Author(s):  
Shigenobu Nagataki ◽  
Misa Imaizumi ◽  
Noboru Takamura
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Excess Iodine ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function

Iodine is an essential substrate for the biosynthesis of thyroid hormone because both thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) contain iodine. An adequate supply of dietary iodine is therefore necessary for the maintenance of normal thyroid function. Dietary iodine intake is increasing in many regions, especially in developed countries, mainly due to iodization of salt or bread, and it is well known that various drugs and foods contain large quantities of iodine (1), e.g. seaweeds, such as konbu (Laminaria japonica), contain 0.3% of iodine dry weight. Furthermore, large doses of iodine are used for prophylaxis against exposure to 131I. Excess iodine, as well as iodine deficiency, can induce thyroid dysfunction. The response of the thyroid gland to excess iodine and disorders due to excess iodine are the main subject of this chapter.

scholarly journals Association Between 131I Exposure After the Chernobyl Accident and Thyroid Volume in Children in Belarus

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A856-A857
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Chirikova ◽  
Elizabeth K Cahoon ◽  
Alexander Rozhko ◽  
Vladimir Drozdovitch ◽  
Mark P Little ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Quadratic Term ◽  
Activity Measurements

Abstract Thyroid enlargement can cause problems with swallowing or breathing and a decrease in accuracy of screening for thyroid cancer. Exposure to radioactive iodines after the 1986 Chernobyl accident is known to increase risk of thyroid cancer in those exposed at a young age, but little is known about its effects on thyroid volume, which could have important clinical implications. The objective of this study is to characterize the dose-response association between iodine-131 (131I) exposure and thyroid volume using data from a Belarusian-American cohort study of residents of Belarus exposed during childhood. Persons exposed to Chernobyl fallout in Belarus at the age of 18 years or younger had individual 131I doses to the thyroid gland estimated from direct thyroid activity measurements, radioecological and biokinetic models, and interview data on whereabouts and dietary habits collected during baseline screening in 1996-2001 (N=11,970; median age 21 years). Thyroid volume was estimated from thyroid ultrasound measurements during screening. Individuals with diagnoses of benign or malignant tumors of thyroid gland, any thyroid surgery or aplasia, and missing thyroid volume measurements were excluded (n=1,104). Dose and thyroid volume were log-transformed due to right-skewed distributions. We used a multivariable linear regression to estimate the dose-response association between 131I dose to the thyroid and thyroid volume accounting for confounding effects of sex, age at screening, and place of residence at the time of screening, a proxy for endemic iodine deficiency. To examine nonlinear effects, we added a quadratic term for the log-transformed dose. Among 10,866 participants, dose to thyroid ranged from 0.0005 to 39 gray (Gy) (median=0.3 Gy). In a linear regression model adjusted for confounders, log thyroid volume was best described by a linear-quadratic function of log dose (p&lt;0.001 for log dose and log dose-squared coefficients). The largest effect was observed for doses 0.3-0.6 Gy (14%), then gradually decreased. Subjects with thyroid dose of 1 Gy had an average thyroid volume 13.6% (95% CI 8- 19.2%) higher compared to those with dose 1 mGy. Thyroid volume increased with age and was significantly higher for males compared to females and for those from Minsk city and area compared to other regions (both p&lt;0.001). The adjusted R2-value was 30%, suggesting unaccounted factors that might better explain this association. This is the first study to assess the dose-response association between exposure to 131I and thyroid volume. Although statistically significant, the observed increase in thyroid volume with dose was small. Availability of measurements of iodine deficiency and dietary habits around the time of an accident in the future studies of nuclear accidents will be essential for understanding the mechanism of association between radiation dose and thyroid volume in young people.

scholarly journals Features of reproductive function in infertile women with hyperthyroidism

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
L. M. Rzakulieva ◽  
A. E. Hajizade
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Early Menopause ◽  
Ovarian Volume ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Group I ◽  
Toxic Goiter

Objective. The aim was to study the characteristics of reproductive function in women of fertile age with infertility and hyperfunction of the thyroid gland. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 148 women of fertile age. To compare the indicators obtained by special methods, the control group included the indicators of laboratory and instrumental examination of 30 non-pregnant women of reproductive age. Reproductive function was evaluated in 118 women with hyperthyroidism: 58 retrospectively (group I) and 60 prospectively (group II); the control group consisted of 30 healthy women of reproductive age. Hormonal studies were performed by radioimmune and enzyme immunoassay methods using the automatic analyzer "Cobb" ("Hoffmann La Roche", Switzerland), as well as DPS test systems the analyzer Immulite (USA). Ultrasound of the thyroid gland was performed by a linear sensor with a frequency of 7.5 MHz. The volume of the thyroid gland was calculated according to the Bruno formula. Results. For women of fertile age with hyperthyroidism, a decrease in ovarian reserve is characteristic that is manifested by a significant increase in FSH level (14.1 3.1 IU / L, p 0.05), and a decrease in inhibin B level (35.9 12,7 pg / ml, p 0.05). In 47.7 % of women of fertile age with hyperthyroidism, there is a decrease in ovarian volume and a significant reduction in the average number of antral follicles of normal size (4.34 1.56, p 0.05). Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, it can be assumed that in diffuse toxic goiter there are not only functional disorders (metabolism of hormones of the reproductive system), but also deep organic changes in the structure of the ovaries that leads to a rapid suppression of their functions. In cases of thyroid diseases, the clinical manifestation of these changes is premature and early menopause.

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