scholarly journals Characterizing the fitness of Colombian military personnel

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
The Military

One of the great limitations in applying research involving the military population is that data are taken from other studies that do not reflect the specific characteristics or conditions of Colombian soldiers. Regardless, the outcomes are applied and appropriated as if these soldiers were, in fact, the sample of the study. In response to this situation, this work publishes the results of research involving the physical performance of Colombian military personnel to provide the academic community with descriptions of the variables that make up this population’s physical fitness training. This work is a first attempt to characterize their physical, physiological, and biomechanical capabilities using the best available evidence and state-of-the-art technology. One of this book’s main contributions to military physical training knowledge is that it is the first initiative to evaluate Colombian military personnel’s level of physical training. The scientific rigor of the studies in this compilation allows the reproducibility of the tests (external validity). It paves the way for a series of studies in military physical performance and health-related factors concerning active members of the National Army, seeking to characterize, evaluate, and determine training programs to optimize the institution’s pillars of doctrine. The ultimate goal is to drive the improvement of soldiers’ physical conditions, favoring a better quality of life and safety in operational performance.

scholarly journals Risk factors and psychosomatic status among the military population of Azerbaijan with coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 4146
Author(s):  
A. E. Masimova ◽  
M. N. Mamedov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
General Population ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Military ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Aim. To study the main behavioural and biological risk factors, as well as psychosomatic status among the military men of Azerbaijan with coronary artery disease (CAD).Material and methods. The study included 116 men with coronary artery disease, who were divided into 2 groups according to their social status. Group I consisted of 60 patients from military population, while group II — 56 patients from general population. All patients were treated in the cardiovascular department of the Central Hospital of the Armed Forces (Baku, Azerbaijan). The age range was 3065 years (mean age, 55±3,6 years). The following risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were studied: smoking, obesity, hypertension (HTN), hypercholesterolemia, stress and anxiety/depression.Results. In the study group, the most common risk factor was hypercholesterolemia, which occurred in 80% of patients (46 and 47 patients among military and general population, respectively). HTN occurred in 78% and 68% of military and general population, respectively. Smoking was significantly more often detected among military personnel (68%) compared with the control group (50%). Abdominal obesity and diabetes were significantly more common among general population with CAD (57% and 36% vs 38% and 20%, respectively). Psychosomatic disorders (chronic stress, anxiety and depression) were >50% more often recorded among military personnel than general population.Conclusion. In both groups of men with CAD, the most common risk factors are HTN and hypercholesterolemia. Smoking, chronic stress, anxiety/depression predominated among the military, while diabetes and abdominal obesity were more common among general population. The data obtained can be used to determine the strategy of treatment and secondary prevention of CVD among military population.

scholarly journals The potential risk of enzootic Trypanosoma cruzi transmission inside four training and re-training military battalions (BITER) in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Cantillo-Barraza ◽  
Jeffer Torres ◽  
Carolina Hernández ◽  
Yanira Romero ◽  
Sara Zuluaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
The Military ◽  
Feeding Sources

Abstract Background Colombia’s National Army is one of the largest military institutions in the country based on the number of serving members and its presence throughout the country. There have been reports of cases of acute or chronic cases of Chagas disease among active military personnel. These may be the result of military-associated activities performed in jungles and other endemic areas or the consequence of exposure to Trypanosoma cruzi inside military establishments/facilities located in endemic areas. The aim of the present study was to describe the circulation of T. cruzi inside facilities housing four training and re-training battalions [Battalions of Instruction, Training en Re-training (BITERs)] located in municipalities with historical reports of triatomine bugs and Chagas disease cases. An entomological and faunal survey of domestic and sylvatic environments was conducted inside each of these military facilities. Methods Infection in working and stray dogs present in each BITER location was determined using serological and molecular tools, and T. cruzi in mammal and triatomine bug samples was determined by PCR assay. The PCR products of the vertebrate 12S rRNA gene were also obtained and subjected to Sanger sequencing to identify blood-feeding sources. Finally, we performed a geospatial analysis to evaluate the coexistence of infected triatomines and mammals with the military personal inside of each BITER installation. Results In total, 86 specimens were collected: 82 Rhodnius pallescens, two Rhodnius prolixus, one Triatoma dimidiata and one Triatoma maculata. The overall T. cruzi infection rate for R. pallescens and R. prolixus was 56.1 and 100% respectively, while T. dimidiata and T. maculata were not infected. Eight feeding sources were found for the infected triatomines, with opossum and humans being the most frequent sources of feeding (85.7%). Infection was most common in the common opossum Didelphis marsupialis, with infection levels of 77.7%. Sylvatic TcI was the most frequent genotype, found in 80% of triatomines and 75% of D. marsupialis. Of the samples collected from dogs (n = 52), five (9.6%; 95% confidence interval: 3.20–21.03) were seropositive based on two independent tests. Four of these dogs were creole and one was a working dog. The spatial analysis revealed a sympatry between infected vectors and mammals with the military population. Conclusions We have shown a potential risk of spillover of sylvatic T. cruzi transmission to humans by oral and vectorial transmission in two BITER installations in Colombia. The results indicate that installations where 100,000 active military personnel carry out training activities should be prioritized for epidemiological surveillance of Chagas disease. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Assessment of the periodontal health and community periodontal index in the army of Serbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 953-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladan Kovacevic ◽  
Marko Milosavljevic ◽  
Nemanja Rancic ◽  
Dragana Dakovic
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Periodontal Condition ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Military

Background/Aim. Promotion of oral health in military population is not only a significant component of general health, but also of the military readiness and represents the strategic orientation of each country. The basic task of military dentistry is to provide oral health of military personnel and to enable their operational readiness at the optimal level. The aim of the study was to assess the periodontal condition in Serbian military population using the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN), and the influence of general life habits and local risk factors on periodontal health. Methods. This prospective cross-sectional pilot study was conducted on 101 examinees at the mean age of 38.94 ? 11.63 years who had dental check-ups at the Dental Clinic of the Military Medical Academy in Belgrade. All the categories of military personnel aged 20-64 years were divided into five groups. The frequency distribution of general and local factors on periodontal health, oral hygiene index, and the assessment of the mean number of sextants by CPITN compared to age were examined. Results. The examinees at the age of 51-60 years had the best oral hygiene index (0.95 ? 0.65), whereas the oldest population had the worst (1.63 ? 0.42). Only one person (5.6%) at the age group of 51-60 years had a completely healthy periodontium. Observed in relation to the age groups, the mean values of sextants increased linearly, but in general population, the most frequent CPITN categories were in sextant with the periodontal pockets 4-5 mm (score 3). Conclusions. Compared to the results from other countries shown by the World Health Organization, the periodontal condition in our examinees is below the average. The appropriate preventive program preparation and its implementation are needed, including primarily the appropriate training on oral hygiene, as well as education based on periodontal disease prevention and treatment.

A Narrative Review Evaluating Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy as a Potential Regenerative Treatment for Musculoskeletal Conditions in Military Personnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah K Steere ◽  
Stephanie DeLuca ◽  
Joanne Borg-Stein ◽  
Gerard A Malanga ◽  
Adam S Tenforde
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Patellar Tendinopathy ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy ◽  
Extracorporeal Shockwave ◽  
Shockwave Therapy ◽  
The Military

ABSTRACT Introduction Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has a wide variety of clinical applications ranging from urology to orthopedics. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy is of particular interest to military medicine in the treatment of diverse musculoskeletal injuries, including recalcitrant tendinopathy. Much of the evidence for ESWT is from studies in the civilian population, including athletes. A few investigations have been conducted within military personnel. Musculoskeletal conditions within military personnel may contribute to pain and physical limitations. Optimal functional outcomes could be achieved through ESWT. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the current evidence on the efficacy of ESWT the in management of lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries in the military. Further, we explore the relative efficacy of ESWT compared to regenerative medicine procedures, including studies with treatment using platelet-rich plasma. Materials and Methods A literature review was performed in April 2020 to identify studies evaluating the use of ESWT for lower extremity conditions commonly observed in military personnel, including plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinopathy, patellar tendinopathy, medial tibial stress syndrome, and knee arthritis. The literature search was completed by two researchers independently, using PubMed and Embase databases and same search terms. Disagreements were adjudicated by a senior author. Due to the paucity of relevant search results, the search term parameters were expanded to incorporate active participants. Results Two studies evaluated the use of ESWT in a military population for lower extremity injuries. This included a randomized control trial in active military with medial tibial stress syndrome and an unblinded retrospective study for the chronic plantar fasciitis condition. Both studies in the military had favorable outcomes in the use of ESWT compared to other treatment arms. The remaining studies predominantly included athletes. Although heterogeneity on the quality of the studies may prevent meta-analysis and limit the generalization of the findings, the majority of studies demonstrated an improvement in pain and return to activity using ESWT. Two studies using platelet-rich plasma as a treatment arm identified similar short-term outcomes compared to ESWT for Achilles tendinopathy and patellar tendinopathy. Conclusion Our findings suggest that ESWT is a safe and well-tolerated intervention with positive outcomes for lower extremity conditions commonly seen in the military. The few studies comparing ESWT to PRP suggest regenerative benefits similar to orthobiologics in the shorter term. More robust quality designed research may enable the evaluation of ESWT efficacy within the military population. In summary, the use of ESWT may provide pain reduction and improved function in active populations with lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries. Further research in the military is needed to evaluate shockwave efficacy in order to advance musculoskeletal care and improve outcomes.

scholarly journals The experience of health and welfare workers in identifying and responding to domestic abuse among military personnel in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Sparrow ◽  
Filipa Alves-Costa ◽  
Ana Alves ◽  
Neil Greenberg ◽  
Louise M. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Systematic Training ◽  
Private Matter ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Welfare Workers ◽  
The Military

Abstract Background Awareness of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) as a problem among military personnel (serving and veterans) has grown in recent years, and there is a need for research to inform improvements in the identification of and response to DVA in this population. This study aimed to explore the experience of health and welfare professionals in identifying and responding to DVA among the UK military population (serving personnel and veterans). Methods Thirty-five semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with health and welfare staff who work with serving UK military personnel and veterans. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Three superordinate themes were identified: i) patterns of DVA observed by health and welfare workers (perceived gender differences in DVA experiences and role of mental health and alcohol); (ii) barriers to identification of and response to DVA (attitudinal/knowledge-based barriers and practical barriers), and iii) resource issues (training needs and access to services). Participants discussed how factors such as a culture of hypermasculinity, under-reporting of DVA, the perception of DVA as a “private matter” among military personnel, and lack of knowledge and awareness of emotional abuse and coercive controlling behaviour as abuse constitute barriers to identification and management of DVA. Healthcare providers highlighted the need for more integrated working between civilian and military services, to increase access to support and provide effective care to both victims and perpetrators. Furthermore, healthcare and welfare staff reflected on their training needs in the screening and management of DVA to improve practice. Conclusions There is a need for increased awareness of DVA, particularly of non-physical forms of abuse, and of male victimisation in the military. Standardised protocols for DVA management and systematic training are required to promote a consistent and appropriate response to DVA. There is a particular training need among healthcare and first-line welfare staff, who are largely relied upon to identify cases of DVA in the military. Employing DVA advocates within military and civilian healthcare settings may be useful in improving DVA awareness, management and access to specialist support.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease risk factors of military: A comparative assessment with civilians

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Bell Ngan ◽  
L Essama Eno Belinga ◽  
A S P Essam Nlo’O ◽  
D Lemogoum ◽  
F Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Military Population ◽  
The World ◽  
The Military

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Military population that seemed immune to these pathologies is now as exposed as the general population. The effective response to this public health problem first requires the identification of the level of exposure of populations. Thus, the objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk factors of the Cameroonian military population compared to civilians. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study. It involved subjects aged 18 to 58 years, recruited from October 30, 2017 to November 13, 2018 at the Fifth Military Sector Health Center. Five cardiovascular risk factors were assessed, smoking, harmful alcohol consumption, obesity/overweight, hypertension and diabetes. The STEPwise model proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used to estimate the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Mann Whitney and Fisher exact tests were used for statistics comparison. Results The study included 489 subjects, 270 military personnel and 219 civilians. The median age of the two populations was not significantly different (30 years versus 33 years, p = 0.6939). The proportion of smokers was higher in the military (12.59% versus 9%, p = 0.0011). Alcoholism was also higher in the military population (60.74% versus 13.24%, p = 0.0000). Similarly, military personnel were more obese than civilians (58.15% versus 40.18%, p = 0.0000). Distribution of hypertension and diabetes was not significantly different between military and civilians (18.15% versus 16.89%, p = 0.8113) and (1.48% versus 3.20%, p = 0.2321) respectively. The proportion of subjects with a high cardiovascular risk was higher in the military (14.81% versus 7.76%, p = 0.0162). Conclusions CVD risk factors are more prevalent in Cameroonian military population than in civilians. This result suggests that, in addition to national preventive campaigns, special attention is needed for military population in Cameroon. Key messages Cardiovascular disease risk factors are more prevalent in Cameroonian military population than in general population. in addition to national preventive campaigns, special attention is needed for military population in Cameroon.

scholarly journals Predictive Validity of the Single Leg Hamstring Bridge Test in Military Settings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1822
Author(s):  
Primož Pori ◽  
Bogdan Kovčan ◽  
Janez Vodičar ◽  
Edvin Dervišević ◽  
Damir Karpljuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Physical Fitness Testing ◽  
The Military ◽  
Baseline Fitness

The hamstrings are biarticular muscle group that plays an important role in the occupational performance of military personnel. The single leg hamstring bridge test (SLHBT) could be a good test to screen military personnel performance. The aims of our study were to assess the reproducibility of the SLHBT in the military population and to use receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis to examine the ability of the SLHBT to discriminate between soldiers with poor and good baseline fitness. A cross-sectional study was performed on 201 male members of the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF). They undertook army physical fitness testing (APFT) and functional physical fitness testing (FPFT), which included the SLHBT. The SLHBT showed acceptable reproducibility in a military setting and had moderate predictive validity to discriminate between soldiers with poor and good overall physical fitness performance using a cut-off value of 20 repetitions. In conclusion, the SLHBT could be a good candidate test for the military population as the ROC analysis showed the ability of the SLHBT to discriminate between soldiers with poor and good baseline fitness. The SLHBT represents a simple and affordable test that can be used to evaluate performance and form preventive guidelines for military personnel.

scholarly journals Trend and Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among The Military Population – A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azizan Omar ◽  
Hui Ling Leong ◽  
Foong Ming Moy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Strong Trend ◽  
Obesity Interventions ◽  
The Military

Prevalence of overweight and obesity are escalating globally among the general population. However, there are limited evidence on the trends and prevalence of overweight /obesity in the military setting. Increased rates of injuries, low work productivity, incurred higher healthcare costs and prematurely discharge from service are consequences of overweight/obesity among the military. Therefore, we aimed to systematically describe the trends and prevalence of overweight and obesity in the military population, by regions and military service branches. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were used. Inclusion criteria were military population (inclusive of all service branches) with BMI reported as the overweight/obesity indicator. Population related to military but not exclusively military personnel such as the retirees, the veterans and their dependents were excluded. From the 27 included studies, 13 were published between year 2010 to 2014 and half were conducted in the United States. Overall, studies showed increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight (30% to 50%) and obesity (2% to 30%); only one study showed a decreasing trend of 0.9% and 0.6% for the prevalence of overweight and obesity respectively. However, the rates of increment differed between countries, where Asian countries demonstrated lower overweight prevalence compared to the United States and the European countries. In conclusion, the military population is not protected from overweight and obesity. Interventions should be implemented to prevent overweight / obesity among the military personnel.

scholarly journals The Importance Of Military Patriotic Education In Higher And Secondary Special Educational Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Ilhom Erkinovich Erkinov ◽  
◽  
Alisher Sagdullaevich Kuchkorov ◽  
Azamat Nizamkulovich Atamurodov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
The Military

One of the urgent tasks of today is to educate young people in the spirit of patriotism, to prepare them physically and spiritually for the defense of the Motherland. Organizes the organization, content, forms and methods of spiritual, political, psychological and physical training of students to serve in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan. This article discusses the military patriotic education of students in higher education institutions. The information provided in the article also includes ideas on patriotic education of students and military personnel.

scholarly journals The Impact of Health-Conscious Eating in Improving Physical Performance in Military Physical Training

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Robert Stănciulescu ◽  
Elvira Beldiman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mental Skills ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Military conflicts throughout history, as well as in recent times have demanded fighters to possess a complex set of physical and mental skills meant to ensure the foundation of efficiency and functionality, an objective to be attained through a process of intensive training, which many times exerts the body to the extreme. In order to meet these requirements, the military have to adopt a proper sports lifestyle characterized by a health-conscious eating

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