Moderate Intensity Endurance and Resistance Exercise Attenuates Cachexia in Tumor-bearing Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 397-405
Author(s):  
NICOLE R. WOOD ◽  
JACOB GARRITSON ◽  
ALISSA MATHIAS ◽  
JAMES M. HAUGHIAN ◽  
REID HAYWARD
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Tumor Bearing

Effect of High-velocity Resistance Exercise on 24-h Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Older Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Filipe Fernandes Oliveira-Dantas ◽  
Rodrigo Alberto Vieira Browne ◽  
Ricardo Santos Oliveira ◽  
Ludmila Lucena Pereira Cabral ◽  
Luiz Fernando de Farias Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Control Session ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Resistance Exercise Session

AbstractThis study investigated the acute post-exercise effect of high-velocity resistance exercise on ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive older women. Fourteen volunteers (67.9±5.1 years) performed a high-velocity resistance exercise session (8 exercises using Thera-Band, 3 sets of 6 repetitions as fast as possible in the concentric phase with moderate intensity) and a control session, separated by a 7–10-day period. Ambulatory blood pressure was monitored following 12-h post-sessions and compared between conditions at 1 to 4-h, 5 to 8-h, and 9 to 12-h. Average 24-h ambulatory blood pressure, awake, asleep periods, and blood pressure load were also analyzed. There was a condition by time interaction for systolic ambulatory blood pressure over 12-h post-sessions (P=0.043). It was observed a lower systolic ambulatory blood pressure in the first 4-h period following the high-velocity resistance exercise session compared to the control session (−6.7 mmHg, 95% CI  − 11.6 to −1.8 mmHg; P=0.011). No changes were observed for diastolic ambulatory blood pressure over 12-h post-sessions as well as for the other variables analyzed (P>0.05). In summary, a single high-velocity resistance exercise session elicits a post-exercise antihypertensive effect and may be considered as a strategy to acutely improve blood pressure control in hypertensive older women.

scholarly journals Acceptability and Feasibility of an Isometric Resistance Exercise Program for Abdominal Cancer Surgery: An Embedded Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327482095085
Author(s):  
Ferhana Hashem ◽  
David Stephensen ◽  
Amanda Bates ◽  
Tracy Pellatt-Higgins ◽  
Ralph (Nobby) Peter Hobbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Exercise Interventions

Although it is recognized in the early stages of cancer recovery that changes in lifestyle including increases in physical activity improves physical function, there are no clear findings whether low versus moderate intensity activity or home or gym exercise offer optimal benefit. Isometric-resistance exercises can be carried out with very little equipment and space and can be performed while patients are bed-bound in hospital or at home. This embedded qualitative study, based in an English hospital trust providing specialist cancer care, was undertaken as a component of a feasibility trial to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of an isometric-resistance exercise program and explore the suitability of functional assessments by drawing from the experiences of abdominal cancer patients following surgery. Telephone interviews were undertaken with 7 participants in the intervention group, and 8 interviews with the usual care group (n = 15). The gender composition consisted of 11 females and 4 males. Participants’ ages ranged from 27 to 84 (M = 60.07, SD = 15.40). Interviews were conducted between August 2017 and May 2018, with audio files digitally recorded and data coded using thematic framework analysis. Our results show that blinding to intervention or usual care was a challenge, participants felt the intervention was safe and suitable aided by the assistance of a research nurse, yet, found the self-completion questionnaire tools hard to complete. Our study provides an insight of trial processes, participants’ adherence and completion of exercise interventions, and informs the design and conduct of larger RCTs based on the experiences of abdominal cancer surgery patients.

Regulation of protein synthesis after acute resistance exercise in diabetic rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (4) ◽  
pp. E721-E727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Farrell ◽  
Mark J. Fedele ◽  
Thomas C. Vary ◽  
Scot R. Kimball ◽  
Charles H. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Partial Pancreatectomy ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Arterial Plasma

These studies determined whether insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) involvement in exercise-stimulated anabolic processes becomes more evident during hypoinsulinemia. Male Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 6–12/group) were made diabetic (blood glucose ≅ 300 mg/dl) by partial pancreatectomy (PPX) or remained nondiabetic (glucose ≅ 144 mg/dl). Rats performed acute resistance exercise by repetitive standing on the hindlimbs with weighted backpacks (ex), or they remained sedentary (sed). Resistance exercise caused increases in rates of protein synthesis (nmol Phe incorporated ⋅ g muscle−1 ⋅ h−1, measured for gastrocnemius muscle in vivo 16 h after exercise) for both nondiabetic [sed = 154 ± 6 (SE) vs. ex = 189 ± 7] and diabetic rats (PPXsed = 152 ± 11 vs. PPXex = 202 ± 14, P < 0.05). Arterial plasma insulin concentrations in diabetic rats, ≅180 pM, were less than one-half those found in nondiabetic rats, ≅444 pM, ( P < 0.05). The activity of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B; pmol GDP exchanged/min) was higher ( P < 0.05) in ex rats (sed = 0.028 ± 0.006 vs. ex = 0.053 ± 0.015; PPXsed = 0.033 ± 0.013 vs. PPXex = 0.047 ± 0.009) regardless of diabetic status. Plasma IGF-I concentrations were higher in ex compared with sed diabetic rats ( P < 0.05). In contrast, plasma IGF-I was not different in nondiabetic ex or sed rats. Muscle IGF-I (ng/g wet wt) was similar in ex and sed nondiabetic rats, but in diabetic rats was 2- to 3-fold higher in ex ( P < 0.05) than in sed rats. In conclusion, moderate hypoinsulinemia that is sufficient to alter glucose homeostasis does not inhibit an increase in rates of protein synthesis after acute moderate-intensity resistance exercise. This preserved response may be due to a compensatory increase in muscle IGF-I content and a maintained ability to activate eIF2B.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise intensity does not affect the anabolic signaling following resistance exercise in endurance athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Jones ◽  
L. Eddens ◽  
J. Kupusarevic ◽  
D. C. M. Simoes ◽  
M. J. W. Furber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Signaling Proteins ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Interval Cycling ◽  
Muscle Biopsies

AbstractThis study examined whether intensity of endurance stimulus within a concurrent training paradigm influenced the phosphorylation of signaling proteins associated with the mTOR and AMPK networks. Eight male cyclists completed (1) resistance exercise (RES), 6 × 8 squats at 80% 1-RM; (2) resistance exercise and moderate intensity cycling of 40 min at 65% V̇O2peak, (RES + MIC); (3) resistance exercise and high intensity interval cycling of 40 min with 6 alternating 3 min intervals of 85 and 45% V̇O2peak (RES + HIIC), in a cross-over design. Muscle biopsies were collected at rest and 3 h post-RES. There was a main effect of condition for mTORS2448 (p = 0.043), with a greater response in the RES + MIC relative to RES condition (p = 0.033). There was a main effect of condition for AMPKα2T172 (p = 0.041), with a greater response in RES + MIC, relative to both RES + HIIC (p = 0.026) and RES (p = 0.046). There were no other condition effects for the remaining protein kinases assessed (p > 0.05). These data do not support a molecular interference effect in cyclists under controlled conditions. There was no intensity-dependent regulation of AMPK, nor differential activation of anabolism with the manipulation of endurance exercise intensity.

Dose–Response and Time Course Effects of Acute Resistance Exercise on Executive Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Brush ◽  
Ryan L. Olson ◽  
Peter J. Ehmann ◽  
Steven Osovsky ◽  
Brandon L. Alderman
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Core Executive ◽  
Improved Performance

The purpose of this study was to examine possible dose–response and time course effects of an acute bout of resistance exercise on the core executive functions of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Twenty-eight participants (14 female; Mage = 20.5 ± 2.1 years) completed a control condition and resistance exercise bouts performed at 40%, 70%, and 100% of their individual 10-repetition maximum. An executive function test battery was administered at 15 min and 180 min postexercise to assess immediate and delayed effects of exercise on executive functioning. At 15 min postexercise, high-intensity exercise resulted in less interference and improved reaction time (RT) for the Stroop task, while at 180 min low- and moderate-intensity exercise resulted in improved performance on plus–minus and Simon tasks, respectively. These findings suggest a limited and task-specific influence of acute resistance exercise on executive function in healthy young adults.

scholarly journals Effects of Physical Exercises on Peripheral Neuropathy Sensation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Laode Saltar ◽  
Junaiti Sahar
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Diabetes Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Foot Sensation

Background - The most common complication in patients with type 2 diabetes is peripheral neuropathy. Physical exercise is one of the effective Prevention and treatment strategies of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes. Aims and objectives - The aim of this review articles is to describe the effectiveness of physical exercise on peripheral neuropathy sensation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods - A number of databases such as Science Direct, Springer Link, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles using keywords such as “type 2 diabetes”, AND “peripheral neuropathy sensation” OR “diabetes peripheral neuropathy" AND “physical exercises” OR “aerobic exercises” OR “resistance exercise”. All types of articles were included for the study, such as systematic reviews, randomized controlled trial, quasi-experiment, literature review, and pilot study with the range 2015-2020. Only articles in English are included in this review. Results - Of the 11 articles found, 9 articles showed that physical exercise had a direct effect on improving foot sensation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients, while the other 2 articles had an indirect effect on improving symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Four types of physical exercise that are practiced in interventions are: aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, balance and flexibility exercise and a combination of two or more types of exercise. Physical exercise from low to moderate intensity has a positive effect on increasing foot sensation in patients with type 2 diabetes peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions – This review emphasizes the effect of physical exercise on peripheral neuropathic sensation in type 2 DM patients and strengthens the evidence that low and moderate-intensity exercise are beneficial to reduce peripheral neuropathy symptoms. Further research on the effectiveness of home and community-based physical exercise to reduce symptoms of peripheral neuropathy is necessary.

scholarly journals Effects of a Single Session of High- and Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise on Endothelial Function of Middle-Aged Sedentary Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pinto Boeno ◽  
Juliano Boufleur Farinha ◽  
Thiago Rozales Ramis ◽  
Rodrigo Cauduro Oliveira Macedo ◽  
Josianne Rodrigues-Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Energy expenditure, recovery oxygen consumption, and substrate oxidation during and after body weight resistance exercise with slow movement compared to treadmill walking

2018 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nakagata ◽  
Y Yamada ◽  
H Naito
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Slow Movement ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Course Changes

The benefit of body weight resistance exercise with slow movement (BWRE-slow) for muscle function is well-documented, but not for energy metabolism. We aimed to examine physiological responses [e.g., energy expenditure (EE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and blood lactate (La)] during and after BWRE-slow compared to EE-matched treadmill walking (TW). Eight healthy young men (23.4 ± 1.8 years old, 171.2 ± 6.2 cm, 63.0 ± 4.8 kg) performed squat, push-up, lunge, heel-raise, hip-lift, and crunch exercises with BWRE-slow modality. Both the concentric and eccentric phases were set to 3 s. A total of three sets (10 repetitions) with 30 s rest between sets were performed for each exercise (26.5 min). On another day, subjects walked on a treadmill for 26.5 min during which EE during exercise was matched to that of BWRE-slow with the researcher controlling the treadmill speed manually. The time course changes of EE and RER were measured. The EE during exercise for BWRE-slow (92.6 ± 16.0 kcal for 26.5 min) was not significantly different from the EE during exercise for TW (95.5 ± 14.1 kcal, p = 0.36). BWRE-slow elicited greater recovery EE (40.55 ± 3.88 kcal for 30 min) than TW (37.61 ± 3.19 kcal, p = 0.029). RER was significantly higher in BWRE-slow during and 0–5 min after exercise, but became significantly lower during 25–30 min after exercise, suggesting greater lipid oxidation was induced about 30 min after exercise in BWRE-slow compared to TW. We also indicated that BWRE-slow has 3.1 metabolic equivalents in average, which is categorized as moderate-intensity physical activity.

Analysis of glycemic safety of a moderate-intensity resistance exercise session in patients with diabetes type 1

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Leandro Paim Da Cruz Carvalho ◽  
Samira Socorro Nunes De Souza ◽  
Djenane Cristovam Souza ◽  
Flávio De Souza Araujo ◽  
Ferdinando Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Resistance Exercise Session

 Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, implying the use of insulin therapy to maintain adequate blood glucose levels. When stimulated by physical exercise, glycemic homeostasis becomes impaired, providing complications in the daily lives of this population, constituting a barrier to physical exercise practice. Objective: To evaluate the glycemic safety of a resistance exercise session of moderate intensity in people with type 1 diabetes. Methods: 12 people with type 1 diabetes (7 men), performed a resistance exercise session of moderate intensity at 60% of 1 RM consisting of 7 exercises. Capillary blood glucose was assessed at the pre-session (GP), immediately after (G IA) and 20 minutes after (G 20). ANOVA for repeated measures was performed (p <0.05). Results: In the absolute values of glycemia, no significant differences were found (P = 0.061). However, when checking the delta blood glucose variation, a difference was found between G IA and G20 vs GP (P <0.05). Clinically important reductions above 20mg / dl (PI: ~ 37mg / dl; 20P: ~ 45mg / dl) without providing hypoglycemia. Conclusion: A moderate-intensity resistance exercise session proved to be safe from a glycemic point of view in people with type 1 diabetes.Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 1, resistance training, exercise. 

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