Psychosocial Factors Related to the Incidence of Cancer

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murphy T. Scurry ◽  
Ellen M. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Incidence Of Cancer ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Cancer Outcome ◽  
The Relationship

The recent data concerning the relationship between psychosocial factors and the incidence of cancer have been reviewed covering life events, personality factors, psychiatric diagnoses, and loss-separation-hopelessness. The multiple methodological and design problems in this area of investigation are the factors that stand out and make interpretation difficult. Nevertheless, an association between oncogenesis and a number of factors such as extraversion, neuroticism, and lack of closeness to family is suggested. Many studies raise additional questions without providing definitive answers. A long term prospective study which has been designed to look at cancer outcome and multiple psychosocial factors is needed to determine if such factors add to the risk of oncogenesis.

Past testate amoeba communities in landslide mountain fens (Polish Carpathians): The relationship between shell types and sediment

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362199464
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marcisz ◽  
Krzysztof Buczek ◽  
Mariusz Gałka ◽  
Włodzimierz Margielewski ◽  
Matthieu Mulot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Testate Amoebae ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Testate Amoeba ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Depth To Water Table ◽  
Polish Carpathians ◽  
The Relationship

Landslide mountain fens formed in landslide depressions are dynamic environments as their development is disturbed by a number of factors, for example, landslides, slopewash, and surface run-off. These processes lead to the accumulation of mineral material and wood in peat. Disturbed peatlands are interesting archives of past environmental changes, but they may be challenging for providing biotic proxy-based quantitative reconstructions. Here we investigate long-term changes in testate amoeba communities from two landslide mountain fens – so far an overlooked habitat for testate amoeba investigations. Our results show that abundances of testate amoebae are extremely low in this type of peatlands, therefore not suitable for providing quantitative depth-to-water table reconstructions. However, frequent shifts of dominant testate amoeba species reflect dynamic lithological situation of the studied fens. We observed that high and stable mineral matter input into the peatlands was associated with high abundances of species producing agglutinated (xenosomic) as well as idiosomic shells which prevailed in the testate amoeba communities in both analyzed profiles. This is the first study that explores testate amoebae of landslide mountain fens in such detail, providing novel information about microbial communities of these ecosystems.

scholarly journals A Case Control Study of Suicides in China with and Without Mental Disorder

Crisis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Liang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Control Study

Background: Chinese suicide samples have provided opportunities to study the differences between suicides with and without psychiatric diagnoses. Aims: To examine the differences between suicides with and without mental disorders. Methods: Sixty-six suicides and 66 living controls were studied with psychological autopsy interviews in rural China. Those who died by suicide with (n = 45) and without (n = 21) mental disorders were compared on demographic characteristics, suicidal behavior, social support, life events, and depressive symptoms (as measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, HAMD). Results: Suicides with and without psychiatric diagnoses had significant differences in many demographic and social factors. In comparison with suicides with psychiatric diagnoses, suicides without psychiatric diagnoses were younger, were better educated, had higher income, were more likely to kill themselves using pesticides or other poisons, were less likely to have a history of prior suicide attempt, had less long-term life events and more recent life events, and scored lower on HAMD. Conclusions: These two groups might be from two different populations. This finding has important implications for more effective and targeted suicide prevention strategies in China.

The Effect of Widowhood on the Health Status of Older Persons

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth F. Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Interest in the relationship between stress and the onset of illness has stimulated research on the impact of various life events on health status. This article is an analysis of the health consequences of widowhood—the life event considered to require the most readjustment. Considering both objective and subjective measures of health, a structural equation model is developed and tested with panel data of a sample of elders. The findings indicate that widowhood results in an immediate decrease in perceived health but that the long-term consequences are minimal. Also, certain categories of elders shown to be health optimistic are able to maintain their optimism after widowhood. The results are interpreted as reflecting relativity in medical perceptions and favor a transitional model for explaining the normalization of disability.

scholarly journals Daily stress and everyday annoyances during aging

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
L.V. Babakova
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship

The article regards foreign research on stressors, life events and everyday hardships during aging. The course of events in this period is filled with injuries, sufferings and hard feelings.So the article discusses the existence of a number of factors at later ages that can lead to fatigue or weakness in elderly people. We examine the relationship between a psychological stress, everyday troubles and chronical stressors. It can be noted that in comparison to life events, daily troubles can impair physical and mental wellbeing of elderly people to a greater extent than life events in general. The study of everyday annoyances is a promising approach to the study of stress and coping it in old age.

scholarly journals Psychological characteristics of parents of problem children

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the investigation of the characteristics of the personality and emotional sphere of parents having problem children and identify the relationship of these features with respect to children. The scientifically based material presented in the article provides statistical analysis of the data obtained during the factorization of the source empirical data obtained with the help of standardized assessment means. The subject of statistical analysis at this stage was to test the hypothesis of significant differences in the level of severity of personality factors of the subjects, grouped in different categories based on gender, age, family status and family functioning. In particular, reliable differences in the level of personality factors in the subjects of different sexes were found in relation to «constructive educational protection», «indulgently indifferent personal disposition», «passive-protective personal disposition» and «psychosthenic personal disposition». Statistically significant differences in the level of personality factors in the subjects with different family status were detected in relation to «extroverted personality disposition», «the indulgent educational disposition» and «constructive educational support». According to the results of the statistical analysis of age characteristics of the expressiveness of the personal factors of the parents of the problem children, statistically significant differences were identified according to the factor of «constructive educational protection», «introverted-pedantic personal disposition» and «indulgent educational disposition». The statistical analysis of the indicators of the severity of personality factors in the subjects with different types of family functioning allowed to reveal statistically significant differences in a number of factors: «major educational disposition», «constructive educational protection», and «Introverted-pedantic personal disposition».

The Effects of Jail and Prison Confinement on Cohabitation and Marriage

2016 ◽  
Vol 665 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Apel
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Marital Relationships ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
National Longitudinal Survey ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transition To Marriage

This study uses the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 to explore the relationship between incarceration and the stability of cohabiting and marital relationships. Self-report dates of relatively short confinement in jail or prison (median one month) are linked with data on cohabitation and residential partnerships, by month, from ages 18 to 32. I estimate the effects of incarceration on transitions into and out of cohabitation and marriage while controlling for other salient life events (e.g., employment, parenthood). Findings indicate that incarceration precipitates an immediate and persistent disruption in residential partnerships and is also a long-term impediment to the transition to marriage (but not the transition to cohabitation). The long-term disruption in existing residential partnerships applies equally to females and males, as well as to whites, African Americans (males only), and Hispanics.

scholarly journals ASPECTS OF SUCCESSION URBAN DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Elvira A. GROMILINA
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Relationship

The modern development of cities is infl uenced by a large number of factors, for example, the political environment, global climate change, and the epidemiological situation. The article examines the relationship between the subsystems of urban structure, ensuring its successive development, with the aspects of sustainable development. Aspects of succession urban development in the context of sustainable development are divided into three groups: environmental, economic and social. The urban planning process consists of short-term and long-term programs. Taking into account the identifi ed aspects, the principles of urban planning are formulated, which are aimed at preserving and developing the successive elements of the architectural and planning structure of the city.

Social and Psychosocial Factors Predicting Depression in Old Age: A Longitudinal Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirkka-Liisa Kivelä ◽  
Päivi Köngäs-Saviaro ◽  
Pekka Laippala ◽  
Kimmo Pahkala ◽  
Erkki Kesti
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Voluntary Organization ◽  
The Relationship

The predictive value of social and psychosocial factors for the occurrence of depression in elderly Finns is described using a longitudinal design. A population determined as not being depressed in an epidemiological study in 1984–1985 was clinically interviewed and examined in a follow-up study in 1989–1990 (N = 679). The potential predictive factors for depression were analyzed by contrasting the persons depressed in 1989–1990 with the ones not depressed. In men, depression was predicted by a poor relationship with one's wife and feelings about low appreciation of old persons or of the participant himself during the initial study and the loss of a mother while under 20 years of age. Certain changes and life events during the follow-up were related to the occurrence of depression in men, such as a change in the relationship with one's wife into a poorer direction, a decrease in the amount of hobbies, getting married, a grandchild's divorce, separation from someone important, moving into long-term institutional care, giving up hobbies or a position in a voluntary organization, and alcohol problems of a close person. In women, depression was predicted by living together with one's husband, living with other people, and a low activity in participating in religious events during the initial study and a loss of father while under 20 years of age. The risk of women living alone was lower compared to women not living alone. Also, certain changes and life events during the follow-up were associated with a high risk of depression in women, including a change in the relationship with one's neighbors into a poorer direction, an increase in the amount of time spent alone, a decline of the social activity level, getting married, occurrence of serious marital problems, separation from someone important, giving up hobbies or a position in a voluntary organization, alcohol problems of a close person, and a small number of social growth events. The results support the hypothesis about psychosocial factors playing a role in the etiology of depression in old age.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

The Relationship Between Personality and Self-Report Abilities

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Aitken Schermer ◽  
Andrew M. Johnson ◽  
Philip A. Vernon ◽  
Kerry L. Jang
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Ability Factor ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Environmental Factor

The relationship between self-report abilities and personality was examined at both the phenotypic (zero-order) level as well as at the genetic and environmental levels. Twins and siblings (N = 516) completed self-report ability and personality questionnaires. A factor analysis of the ability questions revealed 10 factors, including politics, interpersonal relationships, practical tasks, intellectual pursuits, academic skills, entrepreneur/business, domestic skills, vocal abilities, and creativity. Five personality factors were examined, including extraversion, conscientiousness, dependence, aggression, and openness. At the phenotypic level, the correlations between the ability factor scores and personality factor scores ranged from 0 to .60 (between political abilities and extraversion). The relationship between the two areas at the genetic level was found to range between –.01 and .60; the environmental correlations ranged from –.01 to .48. The results suggest that some of the self-report ability scores are related to self-report personality, and that some of these observed relationships may have a common genetic basis while others are from a common environmental factor.

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