Painting Preference and Personality, with Particular Reference to Gray's Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Approach Systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rawlings ◽  
Brock Bastian
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reward Responsiveness ◽  
Abstract Stimuli ◽  
Fun Seeking ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

Gray's (1991) neurobiological systems–the behavioral approach system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS)–have been operationalized by Carver and White (1994) in their BIS/BAS Questionnaire. In the present study, 129 undergraduate students completed the BIS/BAS Questionnaire, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire–Revised (EPQ-R), and Zuckerman's Impulsive Sensation Seeking Scale. They also rated 72 paintings previously divided into two stylistic (Abstract and Traditional) and five content (Erotic, Pleasant, Neutral, Violent, Unpleasant) categories. As hypothesized, scores on the BIS were negatively associated with liking for Unpleasant and Violent paintings; scores on the BAS predicted liking for Pleasant and Neutral paintings, though this was due almost entirely to the BAS Reward Responsiveness sub-scale. Sensation Seeking, EPQ-R Psychoticism, and the BAS Fun-Seeking sub-scale predicted liking for Abstract stimuli, and disliking for Unpleasant and Violent paintings. Our results provide evidence that Gray's constructs can be usefully applied to the area of aesthetic preference.

Eine deutschsprachige Version des BIS/BAS-Fragebogens von Carver und White

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Strobel ◽  
André Beauducel ◽  
Stefan Debener ◽  
Burkhard Brocke
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Wird Eine ◽  
Behavioral Approach System ◽  
Reward Responsiveness ◽  
Psychometrische Eigenschaften ◽  
Fun Seeking ◽  
Deutschsprachige Version

Zusammenfassung: Grays Theorie zum Verhaltenshemmsystem (Behavioral Inhibition System, BIS) und zum Verhaltensaktivierungssystem (Behavioral Approach System, BAS) ist von besonderer Relevanz für die biopsychologisch orientierte Persönlichkeitsforschung. Zur Erfassung der auf diesen beiden Systemen basierenden Dispositionen liegt für den englischen Sprachraum der BIS/BAS-Fragebogen von Carver und White vor, der vier Skalen (BIS, BAS Fun Seeking, BAS Drive und BAS Reward Responsiveness) umfaßt. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine bisher nicht verfügbare deutsche Adaption des BIS/BAS-Fragebogens vor. 389 Männer und Frauen im Alter von 18-68 Jahren bearbeiteten eine Übersetzung des 24 Items umfassenden Inventars. Analysen erbrachten akzeptable psychometrische Eigenschaften der Skalen. Strukturüberprüfungen konnten die postulierte vierfaktorielle Struktur nicht bestätigen, weder auf der Basis der Extraktionskriterien noch mithilfe konfirmatorischer Analysen. Die Extraktionskriterien sprachen für eine zwei- bzw. dreifaktorielle Lösung. Auch aus theoretischen Gründen wird eine zweifaktorielle Lösung mit den Faktoren BIS und BAS präferiert. Weiterführende Studien sollten sich vorrangig mit einer Revision des Itemformats sowie mit der weiteren Überprüfung der faktoriellen Struktur des BIS/BAS-Fragebogens befassen.

scholarly journals Study on the Difference of BIS/BAS Scale between Sasang Types

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Jin Lee ◽  
Sung Hye Kim ◽  
Nangyeon Lim ◽  
Mi Young Ahn ◽  
Han Chae
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reward Responsiveness ◽  
Behavioral Activation System ◽  
Activation System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fun Seeking ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Behavior Inhibition

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in temperament between So-Yang (SY) and So-Eum (SE) Sasang types using Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scale to elucidate the biopsychological mechanism underlying the Sasang typology, a traditional Korean personalized medicine.Methods. 248 university students were categorized into three Sasang types, and series oft-tests were conducted, separately for male and female participants, to examine the difference of Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS), Behavioral Activation System (BAS), BAS-Drive (BAS-D), BAS-Fun Seeking (BAS-FS), and BAS-Reward Responsiveness (BAS-RR) scores between SY and SE Sasang types.Results. There were significant differences between Sasang types in the BIS/BAS subscales with consideration of gender. In male participants, BAS-total score of SY type (39.75±4.56) was significantly (t=2.462,p=0.016) higher than that of SE type (36.68±4.97). On the other hand, in female participants, BIS score of SY type (20.10±4.01) was significantly (t=-2.097,p=0.039) lower than that of SE type (21.83±3.91).Discussion. The current study suggested relationship between Sasang typology and Behavior Inhibition and Activation Systems and showed significant differences in BIS/BAS scale between SY and SE Sasang types. Further studies on biological base of Sasang typology are needed.

scholarly journals Problems of the defining the dimensions of the Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory

Psihologija ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Smederevac ◽  
Dusanka Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity

Jeffrey Gray has modified Eysenck's system by rotating the dimensions of extraversion and neuroticism by 45 degrees, which resulted in two new dimensions: impulsivity (behavioral approach system) and anxiety (behavioral inhibition system). The main purpose of this study was to examine psychometric properties of the BIS/BAS scale, inventory for assessment of dimensions included in Gray's theory, in order to, also, test the foundation of the Gray's constructs themselves. 476 participants were included, age 17 to 77. All subjects completed The BIS/BAS scale (Carver & White, 1994) and The Big Five Inventory (BFI; John, Donahue & Kentle, 1991, according to: John & Srivastava, 1999). Analysis of the BIS/BAS scale failed to replicate the original four-factor solution. Three factors were extracted, named Behavioral inhibition system (BIS), BAS-Striving for excitement and BAS-Drive. Psychometric characteristics of the BIS/BAS scale are not satisfactory. Result of the joint factor analysis of dimensions of the BIS/BAS scale and dimensions of the BFI questionnaire are three factors named active striving for reward, sensation seeking and anxiety. In general results can be considered supportive rather to Eysenck than to Gray, but they could also be ascribed to the failure in questionnaire operationalisation of the constructs of Reinforcement sensitivity theory.

Personality in Assaultive and Non-Assaultive Juvenile Male Offenders

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Berman ◽  
Timothy Paisey
Keyword(s):  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Juvenile Male ◽  
Male Offenders ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Juvenile Males ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Property Offenses

The present study investigated the relationship between antisocial behavior and personality in 30 American juvenile males convicted of offenses including assault or confrontations with a victim, and 30 juvenile males convicted of offenses involving property without confrontation with a victim. Subjects, who were aged 14 to 17 yr. (mean 15 yr., 8 mo.) and held in detention pending sentencing, were administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale. Juveniles convicted of assaultive offenses exhibited significantly higher psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism scores, and lower lie scores than those convicted of property offenses. Sensation-seeking scores were significantly lower for the non-assaultive group. Results support Eysenck's description of dimensions of offenders' behavior.

scholarly journals Changes of EEG band oscillations to tonic cold pain and the behavioral inhibition and fight-flight-freeze systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilfredo De Pascalis ◽  
Paolo Scacchia ◽  
Beatrice Papi ◽  
Philip J. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Escape Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Cold Pain ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Delta Activity

Abstract Using electroencephalography (EEG) power measures within conventional delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands, the aims of the current study were to highlight cortical correlates of subjective perception of cold pain (CP) and the associations of these measures with behavioral inhibition system (BIS), fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS), and behavioral approach system personality traits. EEG was recorded in 55 healthy right-handed women under (i) a white noise interruption detection condition (Baseline); (ii) enduring CP induced by the cold cup test. CP and Baseline EEG band power scores within conventional frequency bands served for covariance analyses. We found that: (1) higher Pain scorers had higher EEG beta power changes at left frontal, midline central, posterior temporal leads; (2) higher BIS was associated with greater EEG delta activity changes at parietal scalp regions; (3) higher FFFS was associated with higher EEG delta activity changes at temporal and left-parietal regions, and with lower EEG gamma activity changes at right parietal regions. High FFFS, compared to Low FFFS scorers, also showed a lower gamma power across the midline, posterior temporal, and parietal regions. Results suggest a functional role of higher EEG beta activity in the subjective perception of tonic pain. EEG delta activity underpins conflict resolution system responsible for passive avoidance control of pain, while higher EEG delta and lower EEG gamma activity changes, taken together, underpin active avoidance system responsible for pain escape behavior.

scholarly journals The Strelau Temperament Inventory—Revised (STI‐R): Validity studies

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willibald Ruch ◽  
Alois Angleitner ◽  
Jan Strelau
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Control ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Affect Intensity ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Content Scales ◽  
Validity Studies ◽  
Strength Of Excitation ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the construct validity of the revised version of the Strelau Temperament Inventory (STI‐R) and the short scale (STI‐RS), which were introduced by Strelau, Angleitner, Bantelmann and Ruch (1990). Hypotheses about the relationship between the content scales of the STI‐R, viz. Strength of Excitation (SE), Strength of Inhibition (SI), and Mobility (MO) of CNS properties, and (a) other personality/temperament dimensions referring to the level of arousal, (b) selected temperament inventories, and (c) selected personality scales are derived and tested in a total of four samples with altogether 420 Ss. The inventories investigated include, among others, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire—Revised (EPQ‐R), Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS), the I.7 Impulsiveness Questionnaire (I.7), the Affect‐Intensity‐Measure (AIM), the EASI, the Structure of Temperament Questionnaire (STQ), and the Revised Dimensions of Temperament Survey (DOTS‐R). In general, the hypotheses regarding the place of the STI‐R in the temperament and personality domain were confirmed. A factor analysis of the STI‐R, EASI, and DOTS‐R yielded five factors: Emotional Stability, Rhythmicity, Activity/Tempo, Sociability, and Impulsivity versus Impulse Control.

Sensation Seeking and Participation in Sporting Activities

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy L. Rowland ◽  
Robert E. Franken ◽  
Kimberley Harrison
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale ◽  
Over Time

A life-span inventory of sports participation and Zuckerman's (1979) Sensation Seeking Scale, Form V, were administered to 97 male and 104 female undergraduate students. The results indicated that, over time, high sensation seekers tend to become involved in more sports than do low sensation seekers, but low sensation seekers tend to remain involved with each sport for longer periods of time than do high sensation seekers. Gender and sensation seeking were found to interact in the choice of sporting activities. Low but generally positive correlations were observed between sensation seeking and participation in risky sports. These data suggest that both the need for new experiences and an attraction to high risk characterize the high sensation seeker 's participation in sporting activities.

Psychometric Properties of the Behavioral Inhibition Scale in Young Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Muris ◽  
Eric Rassin ◽  
Ingmar Franken ◽  
Willem Leemreis
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms

Abstract. The Behavioral Inhibition Scale (BIS) is a brief questionnaire for measuring Kagan's (1994) temperamental characteristic of children and adolescents to be unusually shy and to react with fear and withdrawal in situations that are novel and/or unfamiliar. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the BIS in two separate samples of undergraduate students (Ns = 124 and 73). The students of Sample 1 completed the BIS as well as questionnaires for measuring personality traits, anxiety, and other psychopathological symptoms, whereas students of Sample 2 completed the scale as well as a widely used anxiety inventory on two separate occasions, some 4 weeks apart. The results showed that the BIS was reliable in terms of internal consistency and test-retest stability. Further, the scale was predominantly correlated with general levels of anxiety symptoms and not with other psychopathological symptoms. Finally, the BIS was related to other personality factors in a theoretically meaningful way, and essentially seems to reflect a combination of high neuroticism/behavioral inhibition and low extraversion/behavioral approach.

Fashion Innovators, Sensation Seekers, and Clothing Individualists

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1203-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Stanforth
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Opinion Leadership ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

The purpose was to investigate the association of fashion consumer groups' scores on sensation seeking and clothing individuality. Fashion innovators are expected to be sensation seekers and to use clothing to express their individuality. 142 undergraduate students were administered Hirschman and Adcock's Measure of Innovativeness and Opinion Leadership, Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale, and the Creekmore Clothing Interest Scale. Analysis showed that there was a significant mean difference between fashion innovators and fashion followers as sensation seekers and in using clothing to express individuality. Results suggest that fashion innovators may have a greater need for experiences than do fashion followers.

scholarly journals Scoring On and Off the Field: Examining the Sexual Activity of Adolescent/Emerging Adult Athletes and Non-Athletes Using an Ecological Perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
Sally Moore ◽  
Rosemary V. Barnett ◽  
Mark A. Brennan ◽  
Heather Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Athletic Participation ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

This paper highlights a study which used an ecological perspective to explore and identify various risk and protective factors that might influence sexual activity in adolescence and emerging adulthood, with a particular emphasis on the unique experiences of athletes. A sample of 437 undergraduate students completed a questionnaire consisting of the following areas: athletic participation, Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), ecological variables, Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS), sexual activity, and sociodemographics. Results indicate that the link between being an athlete and sexual behavior may not be as direct as previously suggested, but is mediated by the influence of various factors related to the sport participation experience. Factors at the individual, familial, and extrafamilial level were found to affect sexual activity.

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