Dimensions of Control as Related to Work Organization, Stress, and Health

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Aronsson
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Control Concept ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stress And Health

The aim of this article is to examine how increased worker control-on the individual as well as on the collective level-may be a means to reduce the risk of work environment-related stress and diseases. Control is also an important element in socialization processes and in work reform activities directed to a democratization of working life. The concept of control connects a number of research perspectives. It deals with the individual and the collective level, as well as the relationship between them, and it may be a bridge between a social psychological and a psychobiological perspective. In this article, the author considers the control concept primarily from a stress perspective, but also examines how production techniques, legislation, and management strategies create the structure of control at work.

Peer Status in Research on Locus of Control

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-490
Author(s):  
Marcia D. Horne ◽  
Constance J. Seidner ◽  
Stefan J. Harasymiw
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Peer Status ◽  
High Status ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sixth Grade Students ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the mediating effects of peer status on the relationship between Intellectual Achievement Responsibility and the academic performance of 79 sixth grade students in an open-space school. When peer status was specified, a negative association was noted between achievement responsibility and academic ability for students of high status, but a positive one for students of low status. No association between achievement responsibility and ability was observed for students with medium peer status. Operation of internal achievement motivation may be influenced by the social psychological environment of the individual.

Disability Management Strategies: A Preliminary Investigation of Perceptions, Policies and Return-to-Work Outcomes

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry G. Harder ◽  
Gabrielle McHugh ◽  
Shannon L. Wagner ◽  
Kari A. Harder
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Disability Management ◽  
Injured Workers ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Injured Worker ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe objectives of this retrospective study were to (1) examine the predictive value of employer's disability management (DM) perceptions and DM policies in return-to-work outcomes for the injured worker, (2) examine factors that influence employer's DM perceptions, polices and return-to-work outcomes, and (3) examine the relationship between demographic factors of the individual and return-to-work outcomes. Employers from a northern British Columbia, Canada community were randomly selected to participate. The findings of the study supported the hypothesis that company perception towards DM is a significant contributing factor to the presence of DM policies in the workplace and that DM polices are predictive of return-to-work outcomes for injured workers.

scholarly journals Expertise in Automatism Study: An Application in the Consumption of Esthetics

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (58) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Amalia Raquel Pérez-Nebra ◽  
Claudio Vaz Torres
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In ◽  
Do So

Expertise is one of the ways one can make one’s behaviors become automatic, and with consumption it is no different. Explanatory models of this sort of behavior described in the literature up to now have considered only conscious or rational buying, and do not apply to automatic buying. The model proposed here is inspired by, and adapted from, the behavior analyses, integrating variables that have typically been neglected in the traditional models, such as contextual variables. This study aimed to describe the relationship between the reports of behavior linked to the consumption of esthetics (operationalized in four variables: commenting, getting information, using cosmetic products and services) and the individual variables and those of the setting where purchases related to beauty were made. In order to do so, 953 Brazilian women responded to an online questionnaire. The model was tested and partially confirmed. Contextual social-psychological variables were the only ones to predict routine buying. Demographic and individual variables did not account for the variance explanation of the behaviors measured. It is suggested that further studies should use and contribute to this model to enhance the understanding of automatic buying.

scholarly journals Similarities and Differences of Health-promoting Leadership and Transformational Leadership

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dunkl ◽  
Paul Jiménez ◽  
Simona Šarotar Žižek ◽  
Borut Milfelner ◽  
Wolfgang K. Kallus
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The concept of health-promoting leadership focuses on the interaction between the organization and the individual by identifying components able to positively influence employees’ working conditions. In the present study, the effects of health-promoting leadership and transformational leadership on the employees’ recovery–stress balance are investigated. In an online study, 212 Slovenian workers were asked about their perceptions of their direct supervisors and their work-related stress and recovery. The results showed that both leadership styles have a significant effect on employees’ recovery at the workplace, which mediated the relationship between leadership and work-related stress.

Studying identity in social psychology

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xénia Chryssochoou
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social World ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Claims

The present paper discusses the concept of identity in social psychology. It is suggested that identity is a particular form of social representation that mediates the relationship between the individual and the social world. Identity makes the link between social regulations and psychological organizations (i.e. identifications/self-categories) and constitutes the organizing principle of symbolic relationships. Its functions are to inscribe the person in the social environment, to communicate peoples’ positions and to establish relationships with others (social recognition). Thus identity is a cyclical process constituted by three actions: knowing, claiming and recognizing. Social psychologists have started their investigations of identity by emphasizing different aspects of this process: self-knowledge, claims and recognition and have focused on processes of socialization, communication and social influence. Finally, it is argued that through their active participation in the social world (by knowing, recognizing and claiming), individuals construct a set of knowledge about the world and themselves: their identity. To protect from, provoke or respond to changes to this knowledge people act in the name of identity. Thus, identity constitutes the social psychological context within which worldviews are constructed, through which these worldviews are communicated and for which battles are fought.

Organizational stressors and burnout in public librarians

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Lindén ◽  
Ilkka Salo ◽  
Anna Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Structural Interventions ◽  
Organizational Stressors ◽  
Public Librarians ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

We investigated the relationship between organizational factors and three dimensions of burnout in a sample of 53 Swedish public librarians. We also qualitatively identified specific library-related stressors based on the organizational factors investigated. The results showed that the organizational factors workload and community predicted higher levels of emotional exhaustion while the organizational factors community and values predicted higher levels of cynicism. Beyond that we also found that the most frequent stressors reported by the participants were overload of working tasks, technostress, patrons, management feedback problems and isolation. It is suggested that structural interventions to deal with burnout among librarians can be managed by both changing the work-organization and training the employees in stress-management strategies.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

Inducing Unconscious Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-201
Author(s):  
Melanie M. van der Ploeg ◽  
Jos F. Brosschot ◽  
Markus Quirin ◽  
Richard D. Lane ◽  
Bart Verkuil
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Prime Word ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Priming Task ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stress And Health

Abstract. Stress-related stimuli may be presented outside of awareness and may ultimately influence health by causing repetitive increases in physiological parameters, such as blood pressure (BP). In this study, we aimed to corroborate previous studies that demonstrated BP effects of subliminally presented stress-related stimuli. This would add evidence to the hypothesis that unconscious manifestations of stress can affect somatic health. Additionally, we suggest that these findings may be extended by measuring affective changes relating to these physiological changes, using measures for self-reported and implicit positive and negative affectivity. Using a repeated measures between-subject design, we presented either the prime word “angry” ( n = 26) or “relax” ( n = 28) subliminally (17 ms) for 100 trials to a student sample and measured systolic and diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), and affect. The “angry” prime, compared to the “relax” prime, did not affect any of the outcome variables. During the priming task, a higher level of implicit negative affect (INA) was associated with a lower systolic BP and diastolic BP. No association was found with HR. Self-reported affect and implicit positive affect were not related to the cardiovascular (CV) activity. In sum, anger and relax primes elicited similar CV activity patterns, but implicit measures of affect may provide a new method to examine the relationship between (unconscious) stress and health.

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