scholarly journals Step-Based Metrics and Overall Physical Activity in Children With Overweight or Obesity: Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/14841 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e14841
Author(s):  
Jairo H Migueles ◽  
Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez ◽  
Elroy J Aguiar ◽  
Pablo Molina-Garcia ◽  
Patricio Solis-Urra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steps Per Day

Background Best-practice early interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in children with overweight and obesity should be both feasible and evidence based. Walking is a basic human movement pattern that is practical, cost-effective, and does not require complex movement skills. However, there is still a need to investigate how much walking—as a proportion of total PA level—is performed by children who are overweight and obese in order to determine its utility as a public health strategy. Objective This study aimed to (1) investigate the proportion of overall PA indicators that are explained by step-based metrics and (2) study step accumulation patterns relative to achievement of public health recommendations in children who are overweight and obese. Methods A total of 105 overweight and obese children (mean 10.1 years of age [SD 1.1]; 43 girls) wore hip-worn accelerometers for 7 days. PA volumes were derived using the daily average of counts per 15 seconds, categorized using standard cut points for light-moderate-vigorous PA (LMVPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Derived step-based metrics included volume (steps/day), time in cadence bands, and peak 1-minute, 30-minute, and 60-minute cadences. Results Steps per day explained 66%, 40%, and 74% of variance for counts per 15 seconds, LMVPA, and MVPA, respectively. The variance explained was increased up to 80%, 92%, and 77% by including specific cadence bands and peak cadences. Children meeting the World Health Organization recommendation of 60 minutes per day of MVPA spent less time at zero cadence and more time in cadence bands representing sporadic movement to brisk walking (ie, 20-119 steps/min) than their less-active peers. Conclusions Step-based metrics, including steps per day and various cadence-based metrics, seem to capture a large proportion of PA for children who are overweight and obese. Given the availability of pedometers, step-based metrics could be useful in discriminating between those children who do or do not achieve MVPA recommendations. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02295072; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02295072

scholarly journals Step-Based Metrics and Overall Physical Activity in Children With Overweight or Obesity: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo H Migueles ◽  
Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez ◽  
Elroy J Aguiar ◽  
Pablo Molina-Garcia ◽  
Patricio Solis-Urra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steps Per Day

BACKGROUND Best-practice early interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in children with overweight and obesity should be both feasible and evidence based. Walking is a basic human movement pattern that is practical, cost-effective, and does not require complex movement skills. However, there is still a need to investigate how much walking—as a proportion of total PA level—is performed by children who are overweight and obese in order to determine its utility as a public health strategy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to (1) investigate the proportion of overall PA indicators that are explained by step-based metrics and (2) study step accumulation patterns relative to achievement of public health recommendations in children who are overweight and obese. METHODS A total of 105 overweight and obese children (mean 10.1 years of age [SD 1.1]; 43 girls) wore hip-worn accelerometers for 7 days. PA volumes were derived using the daily average of counts per 15 seconds, categorized using standard cut points for light-moderate-vigorous PA (LMVPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Derived step-based metrics included volume (steps/day), time in cadence bands, and peak 1-minute, 30-minute, and 60-minute cadences. RESULTS Steps per day explained 66%, 40%, and 74% of variance for counts per 15 seconds, LMVPA, and MVPA, respectively. The variance explained was increased up to 80%, 92%, and 77% by including specific cadence bands and peak cadences. Children meeting the World Health Organization recommendation of 60 minutes per day of MVPA spent less time at zero cadence and more time in cadence bands representing sporadic movement to brisk walking (ie, 20-119 steps/min) than their less-active peers. CONCLUSIONS Step-based metrics, including steps per day and various cadence-based metrics, seem to capture a large proportion of PA for children who are overweight and obese. Given the availability of pedometers, step-based metrics could be useful in discriminating between those children who do or do not achieve MVPA recommendations. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02295072; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02295072

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity and anthropometric reference centiles for Albanian children and adolescents living in four Balkan nation-states

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Tarp ◽  
Juel Jarani ◽  
Florian Muca ◽  
Andi Spahi ◽  
Anders Grøntved
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background The extent of the obesity epidemic among youth is an important public health statistic which provides an indication of the future burden of non-communicable diseases. Many developing countries, including Albania, do not have systematic and repeated monitoring systems in operation. Methods The Balkan Survey of Inactivity in Children study is a population-based cross-sectional survey including Albanian children living in the four Balkan nation-states of Albania, Kosovo, FYR Macedonia and Montenegro. In total, 19,850 children from 49 schools were approached. The LMS method was used to provide body mass index (BMI), height, weight and waist circumference reference centiles for boys and girls. The World Health Organisation (WHO) and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age- and sex-specific BMI cut-points were applied to evaluate adiposity levels. Results A sample of 18,460 participants aged 6–16 years old was available for creation of the BMI for age and sex reference centiles. The prevalence of overweight (including obesity) in the full sample was 21% (95% CI: 20%–21%) according to IOTF cut-off points and 28% (95% CI: 28%–29%) at WHO cut-off points. Overweight/obesity levels where higher in boys than in girls irrespective of the cut-off points applied (p<0.001). Noticeable between-country differences were observed with a prevalence of overweight/obesity of 40% (95% CI: 38%–42%) in Montenegro but only 20% (95% CI: 19%–21%) in Kosovo (WHO cut-off points). Conclusions Overweight/obesity is highly prevalent in Albanian children and adolescents. The apparent sex and country differences may inform public health actions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in Jalalabad City, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khwaja Mir Islam Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Who Steps

Background: Hypertension affects an estimated one billion people, worldwide. It is a public health challenge characterized by increased morbidity, mortality, as well as cost to the community and health systems. The goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of hypertension and characterize associated risk factors in an urban setting in Afghanistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study of adults aged 25-65 years was conducted in Jalalabad city from May to June 2013 using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to surveillance (WHO STEPS). A multistage technique was used to enroll 1,200 participants in the study. Demographic and socio-economic variables were collected via individual interviews using the WHO STEPS survey, after which blood samples were collected using a locally developed standard operating procedure (SOP). Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to explore the association between hypertension and associated factors.Results: A total of 1,180 adults (40% males, 60% females) of 25-65 years of age were surveyed. The response rate was 98.5 % and the prevalence of hypertension was 28.4. Independent risk factors of hypertension were found to be: age ≥ 50 (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI: 2.50 – 4.76); sex (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38 – 0.88); obesity (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.49 – 2.94); and diabetes (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.10 – 2.79). Independent protective factors were physically demanding occupations (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36 – 0.85); physical activity itself (AOR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.47 – 0.99) and consuming more vegetables (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38 – 0.93).Conclusion: This urban setting in Afghanistan evidenced a high prevalence of hypertension; age, obesity, and diabetes were identified as risk factors and physical activity and consuming more vegetables were protective. These findings have implications for future public health intervention and clinical efforts.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of overweight and obesity in school going children: 11-15 years in the urban area of Cuttack city

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
S. Suneeti Kanyari ◽  
Durga M. Satapathy ◽  
Rama C. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: The world health organization has described obesity as one of today’s most neglected public health problems, affecting developed and developing countries in the world. A dramatic increase in overweight and obesity among children and adolescent has raised the concern of various public health physicians especially in developing country like India. This study was conducted with an objective to study the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its associated risk factors among school going children of Cuttack city.Methods: School based cross sectional study was done among the children of 6th to 10th class. To calculate the maximum sample size prevalence of obesity was assumed to be 10%, taking absolute error of 2% and 10% non-response rate the sample was calculated to be 1000. By multistage sampling method the children were selected. Data was collected using a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 16.Results: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 20.2% and it was higher among boys (20.6%) than girls (19.8%). Overweight and obesity was found to be significantly associated with type of school, parent’s occupation, hours of using TV/computer, eating habit, family history of obesity, type of family and mode of transport to school.Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be high in school going children, which indicates an urgent need to increase awareness via education and motivation of all stakeholders to prevent the complications in future.

scholarly journals Association of diet and physical activity with BMI among dental students in Puducherry

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3410
Author(s):  
B. Radhika ◽  
H. N. Vrushabhendra ◽  
R. Surendar ◽  
S. Arthi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Background: Adolescence is the age where the influence of marketing world is high and choice of right food and exercise becomes hurdled. The World Health Organization alarm on increasing NCDs among adolescents ratifies the need for appropriate intervention at this age group. The objective of the study was to find out the association between diet and physical activity with body mass index (BMI) among dental students in Puducherry.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2016 among 85 dental students of Sri Venkateshwaraa Dental College, Puducherry. A self administered semi structured questionnaire was used to collect information about diet and physical activity. Height and weight were measured for all participants to compute BMI.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 19.32 ± 0.6 yrs. Majority of them were females (76.5%). About 33% of students had normal BMI. Junk food consumption was 91.8% and 65% had habit of skipping meals. Only 38% of the students were doing regular physical activity. A significant association between calorie and protein intake with BMI categories viz: underweight, normal, overweight and obesity was observed (p<0.001). There was a significant association (OR=18.4, 95%CI-6.1, 54.6) between excess calorie intake and BMI but not between physical activity and BMI (OR=1.2, 95% CI-0.5, 3).Conclusions: Improper dietary habits including high calorie/protein intake was associated with increased BMI among the dental students. The role of regular physical activity alone as a single factor influencing variations in BMI among the students could not be established in the study.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Marttinen ◽  
Laura Vernikoff ◽  
Sharon Phillips ◽  
Nicole Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and Purpose: Overweight and obesity have been identified by the World Health Organization as a global epidemic and disproportionately affects minority populations in the United States. This study explored cross-sectional associations with TV viewing, physical activity, video game playing, gender, and Latina/o ethnicity with Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods: Data from the 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) were utilized (N=15,503). Results: Time spent in physical activity, watching television, playing video games, male gender, and Latina/o ethnicity status were all significantly associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity, but age was not. There was also a significant interaction effect in which above-median levels of physical activity had a stronger relationship with lower overweight/obesity rates among non-Latinos compared to Latinos. Conclusion: Our findings support previous findings regarding well-known correlates of overweight and obesity. The significant interaction effects suggest that the relationships of these correlates are nuanced, and future interventions may be more effective if demographic-specific relationships between correlates and obesityrelated outcomes are considered.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Needs Assessment of Adolescent Physical Activity in the Early Nutrition Transitioning Country of Haiti (P16-006-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley Becker ◽  
Sherlie Jean-Louis Dulience ◽  
Allan Philippe ◽  
Rodrigo Siqueira-Reis ◽  
Ross Brownson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Award

Abstract Objectives An exploratory assessment of physical activity (PA) to identify covariates of PA behaviors in Haitian adolescents. Methods Students from two urban schools participated in two different data collection methodologies: a self-reported survey (n = 100) assessing school, transportation, and leisure-time PA; an objective accelerometry study (n = 55). Self-reported diet behaviors were also collected. Parent and non-parent caregivers reported demographic data. Logistic regression identified potential correlates of PA; PA was operationalized as meeting the World Health Organization's recommendation (WHO REC) of ≥60 minutes of moderate/vigorous PA per day for adolescents. Results Self-reported data. The school PA model showed age (OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 0.66, 6.31), gender (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 0.40, 4.97), and dietary diversity score ([DDS]; OR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.17, 1.90) were significantly associated with WHO REC. Age (OR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.55, 6.53), gender (OR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.19, 3.03), DDS (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 0.99, 1.57), and caregiver's occupation in the market (OR = 5.66; 95% CI = 1.27, 25.20) were significant correlates of WHO REC in the transportation PA model. The leisure-time PA model found gender (OR = 3.95; 95% CI = 1.09, 14.33), DDS (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.09, 1.74), and bringing a snack/meal to school (OR = 4.17, 95% CI = 1.18, 14.67) to be significant covariates of WHO REC. Objective data. The model of accelerometry PA identified age (OR = 4.17; 95% CI = 1.31, 55.79), gender (OR = 48.19; 95% CI = 22.16, 77.92; female reference group), DDS (OR = 4.48; 95% CI = 1.12, 16.76), and household access to a flush toilet (OR = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.46, 64.45) as significant correlates of WHO REC. Conclusions As nutrition transition is underway in Haiti, so is the onset of the dual burden of malnutrition; PA can alleviate the negative health consequences of both phenomena, but heretofore such data have been unavailable for Haiti. Results support a) early adoption of policies and programs for PA and nutrition together and b) future investigation into Haitian PA behaviors and their sociocultural determinants. Funding Sources This study was funded by the Public Health Cubed Grant of the Washington University Institute of Public Health and the Brown School of Social Work International Dissertation Research Award.

scholarly journals LIFESTYLE PREDICTORS OF OVERWEIGHT AMONG MALAYSIANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Mary Jane Botabara-Yap ◽  
Miriam R. Estrada ◽  
Edwin Balila
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio

The epidemic of overweight is encroaching in the world today, irrespective of economic and social status and regions. It is now seen as a public health threat and one that must be taken seriously in all aspects of public health interventions. There is a need to deeper understand the relationship of lifestyle behaviors and the epidemic of overweight and obesity. This cross-sectional study investigates the lifestyle predictors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and sleeping) of overweight as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). A questionnaire survey was conducted among 459 samples (18 years old and above) from those who attended a health screening drive, conducted in three major regions in Peninsular Malaysia. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as regression model, with p<0.05 considered significant. The overall Body Mass Index (BMI) of the population was overweight at 24.69 while the Waist-to-Hip ratio (WHR) for female was 0.86, classified as high and for male, 0.94 which was borderline. Predictor model revealed that smoking (P<0.05, R2 - 0.38) and physical activity (P=0.02, R2 - 0.11) were predictors for body mass index while smoking P<0.05, R2 - 0.50) was a predictor of Waist-to-hip ratio. Findings showed that the problem of overweight in Malaysia is real and smoking and physical activity play a strong role and need to be considered in any public health interventions.

Breakfast Skipping Is an Independent Predictor of Obesity but not Overweight Among Children in a Southeastern European Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genc Burazeri ◽  
Jolanda Hyska ◽  
Iris Mone ◽  
Enver Roshi
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Abstract.Aim: To assess the association of breakfast skipping with overweight and obesity among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans, which is undergoing a long and difficult political and socioeconomic transition towards a market-oriented economy. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out in Albania in 2013 including a representative sample of 5810 children aged 7.0 – 9.9 years (49.5% girls aged 8.4 ± 0.6 years and 51.5% boys aged 8.5 ± 0.6 years; overall response rate: 97%). Children were measured for height and weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Cut-off BMI values of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define overweight and obesity in children. Demographic data were also collected. Results: Upon adjustment for age, sex, and place of residence, breakfast skipping was positively related to obesity (WHO criteria: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3–1.9; IOTF criteria: OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.5), but not overweight (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.3 and OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.4, respectively). Furthermore, breakfast skipping was associated with a higher BMI (multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07). Conclusions: Our findings point to a strong and consistent positive relationship between breakfast skipping and obesity, but not overweight, among children in this transitional southeastern European population. Future studies in Albania and other transitional settings should prospectively examine the causal role of breakfast skipping in the development of overweight and obesity.

Relationship between breastfeeding and obesity in high school girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Mardani ◽  
Sadegh Rezapour ◽  
Fereshteh Hajipour
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Type ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High School Girls ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
School Girls

AbstractObjectivesSome factors in infancy can play a role in the development of adolescent obesity. Understanding these factors can help prevent early complications in adolescents associated with obesity in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school girls in Khorramabad and its relationship with breastfeeding history.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. This study was conducted in 832 high school girls during the academic year 2016–2017. Samples were selected by multi-stage random sampling. General questionnaires, physical activity, and 24-h food questions were completed through interviews with students. Data regarding breastfeeding was obtained by mothers.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in the study population was 16.3 and 5.8%, respectively. Overweight and obesity had a significant association with breastfeeding history (p = 0.001), while there was no significant relationship between overweight and obesity with school type, student’s age, parental occupation, education Parents, household size, birth rate, physical activity, and energy intake.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed that breast feeding has a protective effect on overweight and obesity during adolescence. To reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity, necessary education regarding breastfeeding should be provided.

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