scholarly journals Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Marttinen ◽  
Laura Vernikoff ◽  
Sharon Phillips ◽  
Nicole Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and Purpose: Overweight and obesity have been identified by the World Health Organization as a global epidemic and disproportionately affects minority populations in the United States. This study explored cross-sectional associations with TV viewing, physical activity, video game playing, gender, and Latina/o ethnicity with Body Mass Index (BMI). Methods: Data from the 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) were utilized (N=15,503). Results: Time spent in physical activity, watching television, playing video games, male gender, and Latina/o ethnicity status were all significantly associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity, but age was not. There was also a significant interaction effect in which above-median levels of physical activity had a stronger relationship with lower overweight/obesity rates among non-Latinos compared to Latinos. Conclusion: Our findings support previous findings regarding well-known correlates of overweight and obesity. The significant interaction effects suggest that the relationships of these correlates are nuanced, and future interventions may be more effective if demographic-specific relationships between correlates and obesityrelated outcomes are considered.

Parents’ Lifestyle, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Activity in Their Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego G.D. Christofaro ◽  
Bruna C. Turi-Lynch ◽  
Kyle R. Lynch ◽  
William R. Tebar ◽  
Rômulo A. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Different Types

Background: This study investigated associations between different types of sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) in parent and their child, including the moderating effects of parent and child sex. Methods: In total, 1231 adolescents, 1202 mothers, and 871 fathers were evaluated. The SB (TV viewing + computer + video game); different types of PA (leisure-time PA, occupational PA, and total PA); and the socioeconomic level were evaluated by questionnaire. The relationship between adolescents’ SB and PA with parental characteristics was estimated by linear regression. Results: The SB of male adolescents was correlated to the father’s SB (β = 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13–0.39) and mother’s SB (β = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.06–0.31). A similar relationship was observed between SB of female adolescents and the father’s SB (β = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.19–0.42) and mother’s SB (β = 0.29; 95% CI, 0.20–0.38]). The SB of girls was inversely related to mother’s occupational PA (β = −2.62; 95% CI, −3.66 to −0.53]). The PA of the boys and girls was correlated with their fathers and mothers PA. All the results were adjusted for age and parent’s socioeconomic level. Conclusions: SB and PA of parents were associated with SB and PA of their children, regardless of gender. Strategies for health promotion should consider the family environment to increase PA and reduce SB.

Prevalence and Correlates of Missing Meals Among High School Students—United States, 2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewditu Demissie ◽  
Danice K. Eaton ◽  
Richard Lowry ◽  
Allison J. Nihiser ◽  
Jennifer L. Foltz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and correlates of missing meals among adolescents. Design: The 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study, a cross-sectional study. Setting: School based. Participants: A nationally representative sample of 11 429 high school students. Measures: Breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumption; demographics; measured and perceived weight status; physical activity and sedentary behaviors; and fruit, vegetable, milk, sugar-sweetened beverage, and fast-food intake. Analysis: Prevalence estimates for missing breakfast, lunch, or dinner on ≥1 day during the past 7 days were calculated. Associations between demographics and missing meals were tested. Associations of lifestyle and dietary behaviors with missing meals were examined using logistic regression controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. Results: In 2010, 63.1% of students missed breakfast, 38.2% missed lunch, and 23.3% missed dinner; the prevalence was highest among female and non-Hispanic black students. Being overweight/obese, perceiving oneself to be overweight, and video game/computer use were associated with increased risk of missing meals. Physical activity behaviors were associated with reduced risk of missing meals. Students who missed breakfast were less likely to eat fruits and vegetables and more likely to consume sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food. Conclusion: Breakfast was the most frequently missed meal, and missing breakfast was associated with the greatest number of less healthy dietary practices. Intervention and education efforts might prioritize breakfast consumption.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on assessment of physical activity level and anthropometric indicators of health risk among students of sixth year of Faculty of Medicine of Sarajevo University

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 093-101
Author(s):  
Amra Catovic ◽  
Amina Halilovic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Overweight and obesity are major public health issues worldwide. There is increased risk of obesity‐related morbidity due to accumulation of abdominal fat. Regulation of body weight depends on physical activity and diet. Young adulthood is very critical period due to a tendency to gain weight and adopt poor dietary and exercise habits. This study aimed to investigate the relationships of the anthropometrical parameters with physical activity domains in everyday life and sedentary behavior among students of sixth year of the Faculty of Medicine of Sarajevo University. A cross-sectional study was conducted during May 2020. The survey covered 56 students, aged 24, who responded online to questionnaire. A self-administered questionnaire composed of two blocks of questions. In the first block of the questionnaire, questions were related to sex, and anthropometric measures. The second block referred to the practice of physical activity (vigorous, moderate, and walking), and sitting during seven days. The data collected were processed by the descriptive statistical procedure. Overweight and obesity was found at 11(19.65%). In sample 46.43% performed vigorous intensity activities that meet with WHO criteria, 58.93 performed moderate intensity activities that meet with WHO criteria, and 39.29% performed walking activities that meet with WHO criteria. There were positive, statistically significant difference between indicators of abdominal obesity and the average time spent during 7 days in vigorous physical activity. Health and physical educators can utilize these findings to better understand that physical activity, trying to balance diet and activities.

scholarly journals Factors associated with nutritional status, knowledge and attitudes among tuberculosis patients receiving treatment in Ghana: A cross-sectional study in the Tema Metropolis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258033
Author(s):  
Prince Kubi Appiah ◽  
Bright Osei ◽  
Hubert Amu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Nutritional deficiencies are generally associated with increased risk and severity of tuberculosis. This study investigated the nutritional status, knowledge, and attitudes of tuberculosis (TB) patients receiving treatment in the Tema Metropolis. Method A cross-sectional design was used to collect data on the nutritional knowledge, attitude, and status of TB patients. Nutritional status was analysed using World Health Organization’s formula for body mass index. Pearson’s chi-square and logistic regression models were used to assess associations between predictor and outcome variables. All statistical analyses were considered significant at p-values < 0.05. Result The prevalence of malnutrition among TB patients was 39.7%, 14.4%, and 4.8% for underweight, overweight, and obesity respectively. There was a high (61.0%) knowledge of nutrition among the patients. Also, 65.8% had good attitude towards nutrition. There were significant associations between normal nutritional status and age of the TB patients (p = 0.041), highest educational level attained (p = 0.036), employment status (p = 0.019), status of alcohol intake (p = 0.031), number of months on TB treatment (p = 0.021), and attitude towards nutrition (p = 0.028). Conclusion There was a reasonable nutrition-related knowledge and attitude towards nutrition among the TB patients. However, that did not reflect on their nutritional status. We recommend continuing education on smoking cessation, avoidance of harmful use of alcohol, and the establishment of food aid and other livelihood intervention programs for TB patients.

scholarly journals Step-Based Metrics and Overall Physical Activity in Children With Overweight or Obesity: Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/14841 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e14841
Author(s):  
Jairo H Migueles ◽  
Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez ◽  
Elroy J Aguiar ◽  
Pablo Molina-Garcia ◽  
Patricio Solis-Urra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steps Per Day

Background Best-practice early interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in children with overweight and obesity should be both feasible and evidence based. Walking is a basic human movement pattern that is practical, cost-effective, and does not require complex movement skills. However, there is still a need to investigate how much walking—as a proportion of total PA level—is performed by children who are overweight and obese in order to determine its utility as a public health strategy. Objective This study aimed to (1) investigate the proportion of overall PA indicators that are explained by step-based metrics and (2) study step accumulation patterns relative to achievement of public health recommendations in children who are overweight and obese. Methods A total of 105 overweight and obese children (mean 10.1 years of age [SD 1.1]; 43 girls) wore hip-worn accelerometers for 7 days. PA volumes were derived using the daily average of counts per 15 seconds, categorized using standard cut points for light-moderate-vigorous PA (LMVPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Derived step-based metrics included volume (steps/day), time in cadence bands, and peak 1-minute, 30-minute, and 60-minute cadences. Results Steps per day explained 66%, 40%, and 74% of variance for counts per 15 seconds, LMVPA, and MVPA, respectively. The variance explained was increased up to 80%, 92%, and 77% by including specific cadence bands and peak cadences. Children meeting the World Health Organization recommendation of 60 minutes per day of MVPA spent less time at zero cadence and more time in cadence bands representing sporadic movement to brisk walking (ie, 20-119 steps/min) than their less-active peers. Conclusions Step-based metrics, including steps per day and various cadence-based metrics, seem to capture a large proportion of PA for children who are overweight and obese. Given the availability of pedometers, step-based metrics could be useful in discriminating between those children who do or do not achieve MVPA recommendations. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02295072; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02295072

Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in School-Aged Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eimear Keane ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Janas M. Harrington ◽  
Anthony P. Fitzgerald ◽  
Ivan J. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Independent Association

Purpose:Globally, public health policies are targeting modifiable lifestyle behaviors. We explore the independent association of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior on the risk of childhood overweight/obesity.Method:A cross-sectional survey of children aged 8–11 years (N = 826). Objective body mass index was used to classify children as normal weight or overweight/obese. Children wore wrist-worn Geneactiv accelerometers for 7-days and thresholds were applied to categorize MVPA and sedentary time. Screen time (ST) was parent reported. Poisson regression examined the independent association of (1) MVPA (2), objective sedentary time and (3) ST on the risk of overweight/obesity.Results:Overall, 23.7% (95% CI, 20.8–26.6%) of children were overweight/obese. On average, children spent 10.8% of waking time at MVPA and 61.3% sedentary. One-fifth (22.1%, 95% CI, 19.3–25.0%) of children achieved MVPA recommendations (≥ 60 min each day) and 17.5% (95% CI, 14.9–20.1%) met ST recommendations (<2 hr per day). Time spent at MVPA was inversely associated with the risk of overweight/obese independent of total sedentary time. Total time spent sedentary was not associated with overweight/obese independent of MVPA. ST was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obese independent of physical activity.Conclusion:Few schoolchildren met physical activity and screen time recommendations suggesting population based measures are needed.

scholarly journals Step-Based Metrics and Overall Physical Activity in Children With Overweight or Obesity: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo H Migueles ◽  
Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez ◽  
Elroy J Aguiar ◽  
Pablo Molina-Garcia ◽  
Patricio Solis-Urra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Steps Per Day

BACKGROUND Best-practice early interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in children with overweight and obesity should be both feasible and evidence based. Walking is a basic human movement pattern that is practical, cost-effective, and does not require complex movement skills. However, there is still a need to investigate how much walking—as a proportion of total PA level—is performed by children who are overweight and obese in order to determine its utility as a public health strategy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to (1) investigate the proportion of overall PA indicators that are explained by step-based metrics and (2) study step accumulation patterns relative to achievement of public health recommendations in children who are overweight and obese. METHODS A total of 105 overweight and obese children (mean 10.1 years of age [SD 1.1]; 43 girls) wore hip-worn accelerometers for 7 days. PA volumes were derived using the daily average of counts per 15 seconds, categorized using standard cut points for light-moderate-vigorous PA (LMVPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Derived step-based metrics included volume (steps/day), time in cadence bands, and peak 1-minute, 30-minute, and 60-minute cadences. RESULTS Steps per day explained 66%, 40%, and 74% of variance for counts per 15 seconds, LMVPA, and MVPA, respectively. The variance explained was increased up to 80%, 92%, and 77% by including specific cadence bands and peak cadences. Children meeting the World Health Organization recommendation of 60 minutes per day of MVPA spent less time at zero cadence and more time in cadence bands representing sporadic movement to brisk walking (ie, 20-119 steps/min) than their less-active peers. CONCLUSIONS Step-based metrics, including steps per day and various cadence-based metrics, seem to capture a large proportion of PA for children who are overweight and obese. Given the availability of pedometers, step-based metrics could be useful in discriminating between those children who do or do not achieve MVPA recommendations. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02295072; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02295072

scholarly journals Study of life style determinants of overweight and obesity among school going adolescents in urban Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Shashi Prabha Tomar ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Kasar ◽  
Rajesh Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Obesity has become a colossal epidemic causing serious public health concern and contributes to 2.6 million deaths worldwide every year. Indian data regarding current trends in childhood obesity are emerging. Considering the fact that India has rapidly growing middle class easily habituated for enormous lifestyle changes in recent decades responsible for developing potential platform for obesity among youths. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the associations between overweight, obesity and several lifestyle factors, including physical activity, sedentary behaviours among adolescents aged 10-17 years.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two schools of Jabalpur located around medical college area , 184  students effectively interviewed by predesigned questionnaire regarding Socio-demographic profile ie current residence, age, mothers educational and occupational status and family size and life style practices like  the physical activity questions designed to asses typical time spent per day on games and outdoor activity, on sedentary activities, including television (TV) viewing, video games, and computer and internet use. Data entry and data processing were carried out using the SPSS version 17 software and data analyses were applied using the appropriate statistical tests of significance.Results: Prevalence of obesity and overweight: Of the 184 adolescents studied, 7.6% were obese and 2.2% were pre-obese.Conclusions: Among all of the lifestyle factors assessed, overweight and obesity exhibited associations with less frequent physical activity, and more television and internet use.

scholarly journals Association of diet and physical activity with BMI among dental students in Puducherry

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3410
Author(s):  
B. Radhika ◽  
H. N. Vrushabhendra ◽  
R. Surendar ◽  
S. Arthi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Background: Adolescence is the age where the influence of marketing world is high and choice of right food and exercise becomes hurdled. The World Health Organization alarm on increasing NCDs among adolescents ratifies the need for appropriate intervention at this age group. The objective of the study was to find out the association between diet and physical activity with body mass index (BMI) among dental students in Puducherry.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2016 among 85 dental students of Sri Venkateshwaraa Dental College, Puducherry. A self administered semi structured questionnaire was used to collect information about diet and physical activity. Height and weight were measured for all participants to compute BMI.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 19.32 ± 0.6 yrs. Majority of them were females (76.5%). About 33% of students had normal BMI. Junk food consumption was 91.8% and 65% had habit of skipping meals. Only 38% of the students were doing regular physical activity. A significant association between calorie and protein intake with BMI categories viz: underweight, normal, overweight and obesity was observed (p<0.001). There was a significant association (OR=18.4, 95%CI-6.1, 54.6) between excess calorie intake and BMI but not between physical activity and BMI (OR=1.2, 95% CI-0.5, 3).Conclusions: Improper dietary habits including high calorie/protein intake was associated with increased BMI among the dental students. The role of regular physical activity alone as a single factor influencing variations in BMI among the students could not be established in the study.

Breakfast Skipping Is an Independent Predictor of Obesity but not Overweight Among Children in a Southeastern European Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genc Burazeri ◽  
Jolanda Hyska ◽  
Iris Mone ◽  
Enver Roshi
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Abstract.Aim: To assess the association of breakfast skipping with overweight and obesity among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans, which is undergoing a long and difficult political and socioeconomic transition towards a market-oriented economy. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out in Albania in 2013 including a representative sample of 5810 children aged 7.0 – 9.9 years (49.5% girls aged 8.4 ± 0.6 years and 51.5% boys aged 8.5 ± 0.6 years; overall response rate: 97%). Children were measured for height and weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Cut-off BMI values of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define overweight and obesity in children. Demographic data were also collected. Results: Upon adjustment for age, sex, and place of residence, breakfast skipping was positively related to obesity (WHO criteria: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3–1.9; IOTF criteria: OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.5), but not overweight (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.3 and OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.4, respectively). Furthermore, breakfast skipping was associated with a higher BMI (multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07). Conclusions: Our findings point to a strong and consistent positive relationship between breakfast skipping and obesity, but not overweight, among children in this transitional southeastern European population. Future studies in Albania and other transitional settings should prospectively examine the causal role of breakfast skipping in the development of overweight and obesity.

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