Challenges in prevention & control of COVID - 19 pandemic in dentistry: A review. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameera Begum ◽  
Riaz Abdulla ◽  
Akhter Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
High Chance

UNSTRUCTURED The menace of COVID 19 pandemic has become a major public health concern all over the world. It is a pandemic outbreak that originated from Wuhan, Hubei province of China in December 2019. All healthcare professionals including dental surgeons are in the front line and a high chance of constantly getting infected. Droplet and aerosol transmissions are the utmost concern in dental clinics and dental college hospitals. Hence, COVID 19 has a high risk of spread through droplets and aerosols generated during dental procedures from infected patients. This review article highlights the dental perspective and discusses the various preventive measures undertaken to control the spread of infection in dental clinics and dental college hospital setups.

scholarly journals Unveiling the dermatological manifestations of nCOVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Dheemant M. ◽  
Sushmitha E. S. ◽  
Madhan Jeyaraman ◽  
Ajay S. S. ◽  
Rashmi Jain
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
The City

<p class="abstract">Coronaviruses are RNA viruses that have become a major public health concern since the severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak in 2002. The continuous evolution of coronaviruses was further highlighted with the emergence of the middle east respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV) outbreak in 2012. The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 plays a pivotal role in the entry of virus into the cell and it further interacts with ACE-II receptors which are widely distributed on the human cell surface especially on alveolar type II cells (AT-2) and endothelium. Currently, the world is concerned about the 2019 novel CoV (SARS-CoV-2) that was initially identified in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019. Patients presented with severe viral pneumonia and respiratory illness. Despite the virus not being dermatotropic, several skin conditions have emerged mainly as a result of prolonged contact with personal protective equipment and excessive personal hygiene. In this review, we discuss structure, genome organisation, entry of CoVs into target cells, probable cutaneous manifestation that dermatologists may be aware of skin complications and the preventive measures, outcome of the disease and the management.</p>

scholarly journals The Poor and the Pandemic- COVID 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 652-659
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Infected Individual ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Asymptomatic Individual ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
The Impact

The pandemic of coronavirus disease commonly known as covid 19 is known to be caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to public health concern. The infection is known to be transmitted via respiratory droplets during close face to face contact with an infected individual or may be transmitted by asymptomatic individual. The time from exposure to symptom onset is estimated to be around 14 days. The most common symptoms are fever, dry cough and shortness of breath. In fight against the infection, the Government of India imposed nationwide lockdown from 24 March ,2020 onwards to prevent the spread of infection. The Government of India claims to have won battle against the pandemic by stating that the number of cases would have been higher if nationwide lockdown had not been imposed. However this claimed is being questioned as the number of cases is on the rise each day we see. In this brief review, we aim to discuss the impact of pandemic covid 19 on poor people of India.

scholarly journals Dental care during the Covid-19 pandemic – To treat or not to treat?

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Danilo Dacic ◽  
Milan Nebojsa Miljkovic ◽  
Milica Caslav Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Infected Individual ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Spread Of Infection

The recent spread of COVID-19 presents a huge public health concern. Clinical presentations of COVID-19 range from asymptomatic cases to severe pneumonia that can lead to death. Drastic measures were necessary to prevent the disease from spreading and protect the most vulnerable groups in the general population. The rapid reorganization of the healthcare system and great efforts made by medical staff were needed to admit to hospitals and then treat a progressively growing number of patients. The predominant route of virus transmission is through direct contact with an infected individual or respiratory droplets, therefore, all dental procedures with aerosol-formation pose an extremely high risk for the spread of infection. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the current epidemiological situation, routes of transmission, and specific recommendations for dental practices including patient screening and triage, infection control, and treatment protocols. In this situation, it is essential that all dental healthcare workers make wise clinical decisions and educate themselves and their patients on how to prevent the spread of infection.

scholarly journals Charlie ant insect bite-associated preseptal cellulitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Patricia Ann John ◽  
Sylves Patrick ◽  
Qi Zhe Ngoo ◽  
Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam ◽  
Adil Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Nasal Bridge ◽  
Preseptal Cellulitis ◽  
Eyelid Swelling ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Contiguous Spread

Preseptal cellulitis is a worrying condition in children. One of the commonest causes is from insect bite. The Charlie ant or Paederus fuscipes has been reported as a dermatitis-causing agent due to its toxin, pederin. The aim is to report a case of preseptal cellulitis secondary to Charlie ant insect bite. A two-year-old girl presented with bilateral eyelid swelling, redness, and pain for two days. The Charlie ant was at the nasal bridge before the presentation. There was presence of generalised bilateral eyelid swelling, redness with multiple pustules, excoriated skin, and eye discharge. She was admitted and started on antibiotics. The pustules ruptured, left the skin exposed, and her condition improved. Preseptal cellulitis is a contiguous spread of infection. An attack by Charlie ant has become a public health concern. There is no specific treatment for this condition. Early detectionmay prevent complications.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Cloth Mask in Reducing COVID-19 Transmission: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Anindita Rizki ◽  
Andree Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Fabric Material

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a public health concern. Preventive measures, such as wearing personal protective equipment, must be done. In April 2020, the Center for Disease Control stated cloth face mask was recommended to be used by the public. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of cloth face masks in reducing COVID-19 transmission and to compare the fabric material that suits best for a cloth face mask. Journals included were from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, search engines, and references from other studies. MeSH keywords, such as "cloth mask efficiency", "surgical mask", "COVID-19" and "filtration performance of common fabrics cloth mask" were used. Studies that used particle microorganisms sized ≤ 0.072 m were included in this study. Studies show that cloth face mask still can filter to a certain extent, however, it is inferior compared to surgical mask. Results show that the efficacy of cloth face mask depends on its fabric, and that polyester provides the best filtration efficiency. However, the pressure drop of polyester is unknown and more studies should be done.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and possible use of Traditional Medicinal Plant to combat COVID-19

Coronaviruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Beyau Konyak ◽  
Richa Naredi ◽  
Ekta Rana ◽  
Ramendra Pati Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
Recent Advancement ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Convincing Result

: The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 has turned into a serious public health concern around the globe. Due to its high adaptability in every environment, this novel virus has outspread like fire as compared to SARS and MERS but the fatality rate is lower. This outbreak has caused illness to many people worldwide. Specially, people with lung problems and other chronic diseases are at high risk. Although there has been a convincing result in the use of chemically synthesis drugs, it has various limitations and needs performance for the treatment of the novel coronavirus. Therefore, a medicinal plant might provide a solution for the novel virus along with the recent advancement in computational methods that have paved a new path to operate complex molecules which will ultimately result in discovering new and advanced drugs. In this review, we have summarized and analyze plant-based natural product which can be used to boost the immune system or act as a remedy for patients suffering from a novel virus. This review also focuses on the structure of COVID-19, various diagnostics tools, preventive measures, and data analysis of the novel Coronavirus of India.

scholarly journals A Review on Present Scenario of COVID-19 in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rejaur Rahman ◽  
Emran Hossain Sajib ◽  
Ishtiak Malique Chowdhury ◽  
Anik Banik ◽  
Rahul Bhattacharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Spread Of Infection

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been showing a speedy growth in the number of infected patients with a remarkable mortality rate, thus it has become a worldwide public health concern. From March 8, 2020, the disease was confirmed to start spreading in Bangladesh. Since then, people got infected so exponentially that the country positions at the list of top infected countries in the world. Therefore, the objective of this comprehensive review was representing overall scenario of COVID-19 in different sectors of Bangladesh, particularly prioritizing the health sector. Up to 14 September 2020, 339,332 confirmed cases and 4,759 deaths were reported. An alarming fact is that while the global mutation rate of coronavirus is 7.23 % in average, the rate is 12.6 % in Bangladesh. Although the government ruled preventive strategies such as nationwide lockdown, social distancing, contact monitoring, quarantine and isolation, it was difficult to implement those due to lack of public awareness, inappropriate attitudes and so on. Moreover, the overburdened healthcare system had a weak response at initial stage because of insufficient healthcare facilities. Consequently, this pandemic affected severely almost all the important sectors of the country, specifically the economy, agriculture and health sectors. Hence, focusing on healthcare system as well as maintaining social distance and other essential precautions can limit the spread of infection and help to alleviate the severity of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Dental treatment during the lock down period - safe or not

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 710-715
Author(s):  
Neha N ◽  
Anjali A K ◽  
Brundha M P ◽  
Jayalakshmi Somasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
The World ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

The coronavirus causing COVID-19 is officially named as SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which originated in Wuhan, China, has become a major public health concern all over the World. Infection control measures are necessary to stop the virus from spreading further and help to manage the pandemic situation. Many countries have implemented lockdown measures and social distancing to slow down or prevent the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. This implementation is believed to possess a significantly decreased rate of growth and increased doubling time of cases. Due to the spread through respiratory droplets, the incidence of infection will be high between patients and dental practitioners. The dental clinics and hospitals within the containment areas of COVID-19 should follow infection control protocols precisely in order to confer safety to both the patients and the practitioners. This article thus provides important and requisite knowledge about COVID-19 and therefore, the restrictions and strict protocols to be followed for or while undertaking dental treatment during the crucial lockdown period of COVID-19.

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

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