Management of maxillary impacted canines: A prospective study of practitioners’ preferences (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMAD ALQAHTANI
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Impacted Canines ◽  
Surgical Exposure ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgeon ◽  
Exposure Technique

UNSTRUCTURED Objective: To investigate orthodontists’ approach concerning managing maxillary impacted canines (MIC). Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising a comprehensive survey with 22 questions was sent to practicing orthodontists. This study explored the preferred diagnostic measures, surgical techniques, materials, and mechanics utilized to manage MIC;104 responses were returned. Results: Palatal impaction was reported to be encountered more often by 60% of the respondents. In 62% of the respondents, an oral and maxillofacial surgeon was the specialist preferred to perform the surgical exposure. In 66%, the choice of required surgical techniques was reported as a joint decision between orthodontists and other specialists who perform the surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was reported to be the diagnostic X-ray of choice. The gold button with a chain was the preferred bonded attachment in 86% of cases. Less than half of the respondents bonded the attachments themselves during surgical exposure. A clear plastic retainer was the preferred retainer in 61% of the respondents, and 43% of the respondents tended to use a closed exposure technique. Coe-pakTM was the preferred surgical pack for orthodontists who prefer an open exposure technique. Piggyback (double wire) was the preferable mechanic to move a palatally impacted canine. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that there are variations among orthodontists on how to manage MICs concerning diagnostic methods, surgical management, materials, and mechanics.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies Seroprevalence and Sera Neutralizing Activity in MEXICO: A National Cross-Sectional Study during 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
José Esteban Muñoz-Medina ◽  
Concepción Grajales-Muñiz ◽  
Angel Gustavo Salas-Lais ◽  
Larissa Fernandes-Matano ◽  
Constantino López-Macías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neutralizing Activity

Until recently, the incidence of COVID-19 was primarily estimated using molecular diagnostic methods. However, the number of cases is vastly underreported using these methods. Seroprevalence studies estimate cumulative infection incidences and allow monitoring of transmission dynamics, and the presence of neutralizing antibodies in the population. In February 2020, the Mexican Social Security Institute began conducting anonymous unrelated sampling of residual sera from specimens across the country, excluding patients with fever within the previous two weeks and/or patients with an acute respiratory infection. Sampling was carried out weekly and began 17 days before Mexico’s first officially confirmed case. The 24,273 sera obtained were analyzed by chemiluminescent-linked immunosorbent assay (CLIA) IgG S1/S2 and, later, positive cases using this technique were also analyzed to determine the rate of neutralization using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We identified 40 CLIA IgG positive cases before the first official report of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico. The national seroprevalence was 3.5% in February and 33.5% in December. Neutralizing activity among IgG positives patients during overall study period was 86.1%. The extent of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in Mexico is 21 times higher than that reported by molecular techniques. Although the general population is still far from achieving herd immunity, epidemiological indicators should be re-estimated based on serological studies of this type.

scholarly journals Assessment and Trends in the Methodological Quality of the Top 50 Most Cited Articles in Shoulder Instability

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 232596712096708
Author(s):  
Avinesh Agarwalla ◽  
Kaisen Yao ◽  
Anirudh K. Gowd ◽  
Nirav H. Amin ◽  
J. Martin Leland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Shoulder Instability ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Citations

Background: Citation counts have often been used as a surrogate for the scholarly impact of a particular study, but they do not necessarily correlate with higher-quality investigations. In recent decades, much of the literature regarding shoulder instability is focused on surgical techniques to correct bone loss and prevent recurrence. Purpose: To determine (1) the top 50 most cited articles in shoulder instability and (2) if there is a correlation between the number of citations and level of evidence or methodological quality. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A literature search was performed on both the Scopus and the Web of Science databases to determine the top 50 most cited articles in shoulder instability between 1985 and 2019. The search terms used included “shoulder instability,” “humeral defect,” and “glenoid bone loss.” Methodological scores were calculated using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score (MCMS), Jadad scale, and Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) score. Results: The mean number of citations and mean citation density were 222.7 ± 123.5 (range, 124-881.5) and 16.0 ± 7.9 (range, 6.9-49.0), respectively. The most common type of study represented was the retrospective case series (evidence level, 4; n = 16; 32%) The overall mean MCMS, Jadad score, and MINORS score were 61.1 ± 10.1, 1.4 ± 0.9, and 16.0 ± 3.0, respectively. There were also no correlations found between mean citations or citation density versus each of the methodological quality scores. Conclusion: The list of top 50 most cited articles in shoulder instability comprised studies with low-level evidence and low methodological quality. Higher-quality study methodology does not appear to be a significant factor in whether studies are frequently cited in the literature.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Methods of Metabolic Syndrome in Children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Koohmanaee ◽  
Afagh Hassanzadeh Rad ◽  
Seyyedeh Forough Jafari ◽  
Marjaneh Zarkesh ◽  
Ehsan Kazemnejad Leili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation

Abstract- We aimed to define Metabolic Syndrome (METs) from different viewpoints to determine the most appropriate method that could be used for early METs' diagnosis in general population and treat them immediately. This study was an analytic cross-sectional study which was conducted on 725, twelve year-old-girls and boys from Rasht city in Iran. METs was defined based on 7 different methods. Data were reported by descriptive statistics (number, percent, mean, and standard deviation) and analyzed by Cohen's kappa coefficient correlation and chi-square in SPSS version 19. The highest and lowest percentages of METs were obtained by DE Ferranti (17.5%) and viner et al., (0.8%) methods, respectively. Results showed that viner et al., had the highest degree of agreement with NCEP ATPIII and the lowest with DE Ferranti. Furthermore, De Ferranti showed the highest degree of agreement with NHANESIII and the lowest with Viner et al., According to results, the identification of the cut off points of obesity could help to promote public health care.

Serum diiodotyrosine—a biomarker to differentiate destructive thyroiditis from Graves’ disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoya Fujita ◽  
Yosuke Ono ◽  
Azusa Sano ◽  
Motohiro Kimata ◽  
Seigo Oyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Objective: Conventional diagnostic methods are limited in their ability to differentiate destructive thyroiditis from Graves’ disease. We hypothesised that serum diiodotyrosine (DIT) and monoiodotyrosine (MIT) levels could be biomarkers for differentiating destructive thyroiditis from Graves’ disease. Design: Patients with destructive thyroiditis (n = 13) and Graves’ disease (n = 22) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Methods: We assayed the serum DIT and MIT levels using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the serum DIT and MIT levels as biomarkers for differentiating destructive thyroiditis from Graves’ disease. Results: The serum DIT and MIT levels were significantly higher in patients with destructive thyroiditis than in those with Graves’ disease. The ROC curve analysis showed that the serum DIT levels (≥ 359.9 pg/mL) differentiated destructive thyroiditis from Graves’ disease, significantly, with 100.0% sensitivity and 95.5% specificity (P < .001). The diagnostic accuracy of the serum MIT levels (≥119.4 pg/mL) was not as high as that of the serum DIT levels (sensitivity, 84.6%; specificity, 77.3%; P = .001). Conclusions: The serum DIT levels may serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker for differentiating destructive thyroiditis from Graves’ disease.

scholarly journals Diagnostic methods for acute otitis media in 1 to 12 year old children: a cross sectional study in primary health care

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pär-Daniel Sundvall ◽  
Chrysoula E. Papachristodoulou ◽  
Lena Nordeman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health

Abstract Background Otoscopy alone has low sensitivity and specificity for acute otitis media (AOM). Otomicroscopy and pneumatic methods are superior to otoscopy. However, these methods require clinical skills. The use of different diagnostic methods for AOM differs between countries and has not been evaluated in Sweden since new guidelines were introduced in 2010. This study aimed to describe the extent of which diagnostic methods and written advice were used for AOM in children 1 to 12 years old. Methods In this cross-sectional study all general practitioners (GPs) and specialist trainees in primary care (STs) at 27 primary health care centres in Sweden were asked to complete a self-administrated questionnaire including diagnostic approach and the management of AOM; 75% (111/148) responded to the questionnaire. Outcome Measures: GPs versus STs and their gender, the use of otoscopy, pneumatic otoscopy, otomicroscopy, tympanometry and written advice. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association between GPs versus STs and their gender and the use of diagnostic methods and written advice. Results To diagnose AOM, 98% of the GPs and STs often or always used otoscopy, in addition to this 17% often or always used otomicroscopy, 18% pneumatic otoscopy and 11% tympanometry. Written advice to parents was provided often or always by 19% of the GPs and STs. The GPs used otomicroscopy more often than STs, adjusted OR 4.9 (95% CI 1.5–17; p = 0.011). For the other diagnostic methods, no differences were found. Female GPs and STs provided written advice more often than male GPs and STs, OR 5.2 (95% CI, 1.6–17; p = 0.0061), adjusted for GP versus ST. Conclusions Otoscopy was by far the most commonly used method for the diagnosis of AOM. Female GPs and STs provided written advice more frequently than did their male colleagues. GPs used the significantly better method otomicroscopy more often than STs, therefore, it is important to emphasise teaching of practical skills in otomicroscopy in the specialist training programme for general practice. A correct diagnosis is important for avoiding potentially harmful antibiotic treatments, antimicrobial resistance and possible delay of other diagnoses.

A cross sectional study evaluating the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii, potential risk factors for infection, and agreement between diagnostic methods in goats in Indiana

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Bauer ◽  
Kirk R.A. Hubbard ◽  
April J. Johnson ◽  
Joanne B. Messick ◽  
Hsin-Yi Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

scholarly journals Comparison of revised EWGSOP2 criteria of sarcopenia in patients with cancer using different parameters of muscle mass

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257446
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh ◽  
Iasmin Matias de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
European Working ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Calf circumference (CC) has been established as a marker of muscle mass (MM) with good performance for predicting survival in individuals with cancer. The study aims to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria and to evaluate the accuracy of sarcopenia using low CC relative to MM assessment by computed tomography (CT) at third lumbar vertebra level (L3) as a reference. Cross-sectional study with cancer patients aged ≥ 60 years. Data included socio-demographic, clinical and anthropometric variables. MM was assessed by CC and by CT images at the L3. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the EWGSOP2 criteria: a) low handgrip strength (HGS) + reduced MM evaluated by CT; and b) low HGS + low CC. Pearson’s correlation, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value were analyzed. A total of 108 patients were evaluated, age of 70.6 ± 7.4 years (mean ± standard deviation). The prevalence of sarcopenia was of 24.1% (low MM) and 25.9% (low CC). The Kappa test showed a substantial agreement (K = 0.704), 81% sensitivity, and 92% specificity. Although the EWGSOP2 advises that we should use CC measures in the algorithm for sarcopenia when no other MM diagnostic methods are available, the findings allow the use of CC instead of MM by CT in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Survival outcomes of trachea esophageal fistula in infant

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1680
Author(s):  
S. Prabkaran ◽  
K. Kasthuri Thilagam
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Esophageal Fistula ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiovascular Defects ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type 3

Background: Tracheo-esophageal fistula (TEF) is a rare congenital abnormality often associated with several other anomalies including renal, vertebral column, gastrointestinal or cardiovascular defects. This study was carried out to evaluate the outcome of trachea esophageal fistula among patients who underwent various surgeries for the anastomosis of trachea esophageal fistula.Methods: This study was conducted as a record based cross sectional study among 88 patients who were diagnosed and treated for trachea-esophageal fistula in tertiary care hospital between 2015 and 2018. Data regarding the type of anomaly, presence of associated anomalies, type of surgery and outcomes were documented. Findings of echocardiography and ultrasonography were also documented. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Chi square test was used to evaluate the outcome of the surgical procedures for management of TEF.Results: Majority of the participants in our study belong to <1 month of age and were males (56.8%). Type 3 tracheo esophageal fistula (80.7%) was the most common type. Associated cardiovascular anomalies were present in 50% of the participants. Thoracotomy with TEF repair was most preferred surgery (76%). Present study demonstrated that surgical techniques improve the physical and physiological outcome of the patients (p <0.05).Conclusions: Trachea esophageal fistula needs to be corrected with surgical procedure. Modern techniques like thorocoscopic anastomosis, thorocosopic techniques to achieve an anastomosis can also be explored. Future studies may be directed in detecting congenital anomalies during the pre-natal period with the help of genetic techniques.

scholarly journals Frequency of Leishmania spp. infection among HIV-infected patients living in an urban area in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRELLA ALVES CUNHA ◽  
BEATRIZ CELESTE ◽  
NORIVAL KESPER ◽  
MAHYUMI FUGIMORI ◽  
MARIANNA MARTINS LAGO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients

Abstract Background: There is little information about the frequency of Leishmaniainfection in asymptomatic HIV infected individuals and about the performance of laboratory diagnostic methods in coinfected patients in Latin America. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency of Leishmaniaspp. infection in HIV infected patients living in an urban area from Brazil. Methods: To detect Leishmaniainfection, were performed diagnostic tests to detection of antibodies anti-Leishmania(ELISA using Leptomonas seymouriantigens; ELISA using rk39 antigens; ELISA using rK28 antigens; indirect fluorescent-antibody test (IFAT); direct agglutination test (DAT) and detection of LeishmaniaDNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the target genes kDNA and ITS-1. Results: Frequency, considering at least one positive test, was 15%. For ELISA using Leptomonasantigens and IFAT, there was an association between CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts and test positivity, with a higher positivity of these tests in more immunosuppressed patients (T CD4+ cells count < 200/mm3). Conclusions: According to our data, there was a high prevalence of Leishmaniaspp. in this population living with HIV. Although there is the possibility of cross-reaction, some tests considered highly specific for the diagnosis of Leishmania infection were positive. There was also an association between the positivity of some tests studied and lower values of T CD4+ lymphocytes.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of in-hospital cases of Pediatric Tuberculosis detected by CBNAAT at a tertiary care teaching hospital of Central India.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Dr. Munindra Pratap Singh ◽  
◽  
Dr. Pawan Kumar Sharma ◽  
Dr. Pradeep Upadhyay ◽  
Dr. Puneet Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Gastric Aspirate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Pediatric Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Background: Childhood tuberculosis is difficult in the identification of the organism due to impropersampling as well as low sensitivity of the smear. Newer diagnostic methods like Cartridge basednucleic acid amplification tests (CBNAAT) can rapidly identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis withimproved sensitivity over the smear testing. Material & Method:This observational record basedcross-sectional study was undertaken to identify the epidemiology of tubercular infection in childrendiagnosed with CBNAAT. The study was carried out by analyzing the data of children from six monthsto 18 years who were diagnosed with Tuberculosis and treated with anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT)from April 2018 to March 2020. Results: Data of a total of 166 patients was analyzed. 42% ofoverall collected samples were reactive to CBNAAT testing for tuberculosis. 40 gastric aspiratesamples were collected and only four (10%) turned reactive for tuberculosis by CBNAAT. None of thepediatric samples was positive for MDR TB. 66% of children completed treatment and 33% weredeclared cured. Conclusion: 42% positivity after CBNAAT testing for tuberculosis infection incollected samples of sputum and gastric aspirate where only 10% yield in GA samples.

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