Constitution, Government and Democracy in Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio G. Couto ◽  
Rogério B. Arantes
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Constitutional Analysis

With the intention of contributing to the comparative studies about the impact that constitutions have on the ordinary democratic political process, this article analyses the profile of the Brazilian 1988 constitution based on its contents and discerning to what extent the constitutional text - as well as its constitutional provisions - comprises public policies. Our hypothesis is that a constitutional text that contains many public policies (like the Brazilian one) is more prone to become a target of changing initiatives. The Brazilian constitution of 1988 presents a high rate of constitutional amending, with 62 amendments in twenty years (3.1 amendments per year); most of them sponsored by the Executive branch, aiming at implementing public policies. Due to the fact that the post-1988 governmental platforms have abided a ``constituent agenda," the comprehension of the current Brazilian political dynamics (especially the relationship between branches of government) passes necessarily through the understanding of Brazilian constitutional features. Such analysis has been done by means of a ``Constitutional Analysis Methodology" (Metodologia de Análise Constitucional - MAC) developed by the authors, which allows for the interpretation of the meaning of the constitutional provisions as well as their measurement.

scholarly journals COVID-19 AND POLITICAL PROCESS IN ITALY IN 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Elena Alekseenkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the political process in Italy in 2021. The author analyzes the change of government in February 2021 and the country’s economic recovery and resilience plan, as well as changes in the party-political landscape that occurred in the second year of the pandemic. The study showed that there is an increase in the factors of personalization of power and the strengthening of the executive branch and stagnation of the party landscape in the absence of a clear leader among political forces. The center-right and center-left coalitions are comparable in terms of citizens’ support, but at the same time the level of frustration is growing, reflecting the dissatisfaction of citizens with any of the parties. We can say that there is a certain feeling of the lack of alternative to the proposed development model and the absence of the very request for an alternative. Against this background, the ideas of sovranism so popular recently, it seems, no longer have any prospects.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine: An Empirical Evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Nemer Badwan ◽  
Mohammed Atta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Chow Test ◽  
Palestinian Economy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine by considering time series data of the last twenty years from (2000-2019). Foreign Aid's Impact on the Palestinian Economy explored with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the dependent variable against few selected independent variables such as Foreign Aid, Remittance, Investment, Labour Force and Lagged (GDP). This study used the Partial Adjustment Model to analyze the Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Palestine and also applied the (Chow Test) to examine whether there was a Structural Breakthrough in the Palestinian Economy. The results indicate that Foreign Aid has a positive relationship with (GDP). However, the relationship is not significant since the higher volume of Foreign Aid used in Humanitarian and Social Welfare rather than Production Activities in the real sectors. (Chow Test) shows that the relationship between Foreign Aid (GDP) has not witnessed a Structural Breakthrough in the Palestinian Economy over the past twenty years. In light of these empirical results, we suggest that Government Policy-Makers and Decision-Makers allocate this Foreign Aid to Productive Sectors and Human Capital formation (HC) activities with a special focus on capital expenditures to achieve a high rate of the country's Economic Growth and Development and to meet the periodic plan and Long-Term Development goals.

scholarly journals IFRS adoption and firms’ opacity around the world: what factors affect this relationship?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Mongrut ◽  
Manuel Tello Marín ◽  
Maria del Carmen Torres Postigo ◽  
Darcy Fuenzalida O’Shee
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to identify what are the moderating factors affecting the relationship between firms’ adoption of international financial and reporting standards (IFRS) and the firm’s opacity. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the meta-analysis methodology from Hunter et al. (1982) to find if the mere IFRS adoption reduces firm’s opacity and a meta-regression from Stanley and Jarrell (1989) to identify the moderating factors that may influence this relationship. Findings Contrary to previous studies, this study finds a low, negative and nonsignificant correlation between IFRS adoption and firms’ opacity, but this relationship depends on the geographical region. Using 34 results from 28 studies from different continents published between 2005 and 2018 this study finds that IFRS adoption reduces opacity in countries with common law (COML) and with more authorities’ oversight and power to enforce the rules. Originality/value This study finds two institutional commonalities between different previous studies that intend to assess the impact of the IFRS adoption upon firms’ opacity: the legal system and the authorities’ oversight power.

scholarly journals Environment and society: the Sinos River Basin and public policies

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2 suppl) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Pedde ◽  
JAS Figueiredo ◽  
MF Nunes ◽  
CC Prodanov
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Grant

<p>This study discusses the tensions and conflicts in the relationship between environment and society in the Sinos River Basin, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. An environmental disaster in 2006, which resulted in the death of 100 tons of fish in the Sinos River, is the dividing line for this study. A review of documents and field interviews with representatives of the municipal government and companies in the region were used to analyze the impact of public policies on the environment and which deficiencies remain<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn01"><sup>1</sup></xref><fn fn-type="other" id="fn01"><label>1</label><p>We thank Malcon Naor Voltz and Ana Arnoldo, undergraduate research grant holders, for their participation in data collection for this study.</p></fn>.</p>

The Neodevelopmentalist Front and Mercosur under the PT Governments: The Rise and Fall of Multidimensional Regionalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110293
Author(s):  
Tatiana Berringer
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Integration Mechanisms ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

An analysis of the relationship between classes and class fractions and Mercosur under the PT (Workers’ Party) governments suggests that the transition from the open regionalism of the 1990s to the multidimensional regionalism of the 2000s and the crisis of the latter were linked to the overlap between the regional integration mechanisms Unasur and Mercosur and the social base of the neodevelopmentalist front. Multidimensional regionalism went into crisis after 2012, when the country began to suffer the impact of the 2008 financial crisis and changes in international politics and when the political process that culminated in the 2016 coup began. Uma análise da relação entre as classes e frações de classe e o Mercosul dos governos PT sugere que a transição do regionalismo aberto dos anos 1990 para o regionalismo multidimensional dos anos 2000 e a crise deste últimoestão ligados à imbricação entre os processos de integração regional, Unasur e Mercosur, e a base social da frente neodesenvolvimentista. O regionalismo multidimensional entrou em crise a partir de 2012 quando o país começou a sofrer mais o impacto da crise financeira de 2008 e das transformações na política internacional e iniciou-se o processo político que culminou no golpe de 2016.

scholarly journals The impact of inflation on the unemployment rate in Egypt: a VAR approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 06009
Author(s):  
Emad Attia Mohamed Omran ◽  
Yuriy Bilan
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Vector Autoregressive ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Unemployment and inflation are among the most critical phenomena facing both developed and developing countries due to their harmful social, economic, and political effects. The Egyptian monetary policy’s main objective is to maintain a low inflation rate in the medium run to keep the confidence and a high rate of investment and economic growth. At the same time, economists argue that targeting a low-rate of inflation may increase unemployment. Although the classical Philips curve indicates a trade-off between inflation and unemployment, several empirical studies have argued that the relationship between inflation and unemployment depends on the shocks’ source and lagged responses. The main objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between inflation and Egypt’s unemployment rate. We used time-series data from 1980 to 2019, where a vector autoregressive (VAR) model and the Impulse response function tool (IRF) were employed. The results show that inflation has a positive relationship with GDP while negatively affecting the unemployment rate.

scholarly journals LOLODA IN THREE TERNATE-DUTCH TREATY MANUSCRIPTS IN 19th CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Christomy ◽  
Rias A. Suharjo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
Secure Access ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The impact of the relationship between Ternate and Europe affected the relation between Ternate and its surrounding area. As a result of the socio-political dynamics with the colonial, Ternate did not easily positioned itself as a sultanate which was neutral from the Dutch and the interest of its surrounding kingdoms, especially its neighbouring sultanate. Ternate was dragged into alliance with Dutch in order to secure access toward the natural resources needed by both parties. One of the tools used by Dutch in 19th century to secure access toward natural resources was the treaty. The treaty between Ternate and Dutch became an important instrument to maintain legitimacy of the two parties. Loloda was amidst the interest of Ternate and Dutch. In some treaties, the signature of Loloda Sultanate and other small sultanates in North Maluku which were Ternate loyalists were needed by Dutch and Ternate. Therefore, we could easily draw a conclusion based on the treaty that Loloda is part of Ternate’s hegemony. However, in this research we will explore poetically the relation between the Dutch, Ternate and Loloda expressed through metaphor and other specific expressions. For this reason, we will discuss in depth the poetic aspects of three manuscripts (113/1/14, 113/8/11a, dan 113/8/12).

scholarly journals The Assessment of Deforestation Impact Towards Microclimate and Environment in Ilorin, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Toluwalope Mubo Agaja ◽  
Elisha Ademola Adeleke ◽  
Enekole Esther Adeniyi ◽  
Precious Temilade Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Geography Education ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Subsistence Agriculture ◽  
Mean Frequency ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Primary Forests

Nigeria obtains high rate of deforestation with a loss of about 60 percent of its primary forests between 2000 and 2005 as a result of logging, subsistence agriculture, wood exploitation, and urban expansion.This research assessed the level of deforestation and how it has affected Ilorin’s microclimate and the environments. The specific objectives of this study were assessing the relationship that occurs between deforestation and microclimate, examining deforestation and the impact it has within the study area of microclimate, and forecasting the microclimate within the study area by the year 2030. The statistical tools engaged were both descriptive (mean, frequency distribution table and, bar charts) and inferential statistics (multiple regression analysis). The research indicated that there is a significant relationship between deforestation with r2 variables of 0.888 for maximum temperature, 0.201 for minimum temperature, 0.997 for precipitation, 0.43 for solar output, -0.797  and -0.873 for evapotranspiration and relative humidity respectively and Ilorin’s microclimate. The study concludes that deforestation greatly influences the microclimate of Ilorin and occurs due to human’s anthropogenic activities. Deforestation has also led to climate change. Keywords: Deforestation; Climate; Micro-climate; Vegetation Cover Copyright (c) 2020 Geosfera Indonesia Journal and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

scholarly journals The Recruitment Process of the Head of Local Government by Political Parties In Malang Raya Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Budhy Prianto ◽  
Dwi Suharnoko ◽  
Mardiyono Mardiyono
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Local People ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Direct regional head elections are in the process of recruiting leaders in regions that can guarantee the representation of local people through a democratic process. In this process, theoretically and constitutionally political parties have important and strategic roles and functions. Unfortunately, the oligarchic practice that engulfed almost all political parties has internally and externally recognized the basic principles of democracy in the process of recruiting prospective leaders in the region. The democratic process is only procedural, not substantial. So far it is strongly suspected that the process of regional head elections is more colored by transactional politics. This paper aims first, to obtain an overview of the recruitment process of candidates by political parties in the regional head elections in the Malang Raya region. Second, to obtain a description that is the power of money not only in choosing candidates for the regional head, but also able to lull constituents and voters in determining the choice of regional heads. Third, to obtain an explanation of the impact of the transactional political process and the use of the power of money as well as the impact on the relationship between political parties and their constituents in the Malang Raya region.

scholarly journals On the Relationship between the Economic Indicators Basis and the Parameters of Managerial Decisions Development in an Organization

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
Tatуana Alexandrova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with one of the key problems of the economic analysis methodology, i.e. with defining the basis of comparison of indicators and methods to obtain them. In the course of the research, the procedure of intercompany comparison was studied. The bases of comparison are defined; their advantages and disadvantages are singled out. The conditions under which it is advisable to use a certain basis of comparison when conducting economic analysis are formulated. Special attention is paid to the impact of the selected bases of comparison on the analysis reliability, as well as on the speed and quality of decision-making. The choice of alternative management solutions based on the use of different bases of indicators comparison is substantiated. Export activities of a Eurasian Economic Union enterprise involved in cross-border trade are analyzed as an example. The results of this research can be used in the analytical work of the organization to improve the reliability assessment of economic performance and the effectiveness of the managerial decisions development.

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