scholarly journals Indonesian Government’s COVID-19 Measures, January–May 2020: Late Response and Public Health Securitization

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Tangguh Chairil
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
National Security ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Late Response ◽  
Securitization Theory ◽  
The Government

The Indonesian government’s measures to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can be characterized by late response due to initial de-securitization of the issue, and later securitization that limits its very efficacy in restricting the spread of the pandemic. This article uses securitization theory to analyze the government’s measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic and discusses how the government’s increasing reliance on military figures and national security agencies influences the measures used to control the COVID-19 pandemic. This study finds that initially, the government seemed to be trying to de-securitize the issue, denying warnings that the virus might have existed undetected in Indonesia. Then, after the first cases were confirmed in March 2020, the government responded by securitizing the issue. The delay in the government’s response to COVID-19 caused the audience to not fully accept the government’s securitization efforts because public trust in the government’s measures was already low, while the means of emergency action taken by the government against the threat of COVID-19 are also limited. The government has also been overly reliant on influential military figures and national security agencies. The government also tended to downgrade the threats, lack transparency, and even use the pandemic to crack down on anti-government smears. This article concludes that the government needs to change their approach to COVID-19 measures and prioritize the human security dimension by not downgrading the threats and upholding transparency.

Operation Canine Lifeline: Recommendations for Enhancing Prehospital Care for Government Working Dogs

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Teija Corse ◽  
Chelsea Firth ◽  
John Burke ◽  
Kenneth Schor ◽  
James F. Koterski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
National Security ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Master's Program ◽  
Boston University ◽  
Working Dogs ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
The Government

AbstractOperation Canine Lifeline was a tabletop exercise developed by students and faculty of Boston University School of Medicine’s Healthcare Emergency Management master’s program. The tabletop exercise led to discussion on current protocols for canines working in the field, what occurs if a canine encounters a toxin in the field, and what to do in situations of national security that require working with civilian agencies. This discussion led to the creation of a set of recommendations around providing prehospital veterinary care to government working dogs. The recommendations include a government-run veterinary toxicology hotline for the sole use of the government, issuing handlers deployment kits and preprogrammed smartphones that contain information on the care practices for dogs, and an increased effort for civilian integration, through local emergency medical services, in the emergency care of government canines. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:15–20)

scholarly journals The COVID States Project #13: Public trust in institutions and vaccine acceptance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Baum ◽  
Jennifer Lin ◽  
Katherine Ognyanova ◽  
Hanyu Chwe ◽  
Alexi Quintana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Flu Vaccination ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Trust In Institutions ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

Controversy has erupted over the possible release of a COVID-19 vaccine prior to the November 3rd election, with President Trump hinting that a vaccine may be ready by October, while the CDC has instructed states to be prepared to distribute a vaccine at that time. These assertions have prompted a backlash from some public health experts, countering that this timeline is extremely improbable.Concerns over the possible politicization of emergency use authorization by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of a COVID-19 vaccine prior to the completion of phase 3 trials, in turn, has prompted the various pharmaceutical companies currently working on vaccines to prepare an unprecedented joint public statement that they will not submit a vaccine to the FDA for approval until they have compelling scientific proof that it is safe and effective. The political debate occurring against the backdrop of a presidential election raises concerns that many Americans may be unwilling to accept a vaccine because they do not trust the government or its agencies to prioritize safety and efficacy over politics.Meanwhile, Democratic vice presidential candidate Kamala Harris commented during a CNN interview on getting a COVID-19 vaccine prior to the election: “I would not trust Donald Trump.” She subsequently amended her statement, saying in part, "I would trust a vaccine if the public health professionals and the scientists told us that we can trust it." In this report, we explore the issue of public trust regarding the handling of COVID-19 across 15 institutions and individual leaders and its link to public willingness to be vaccinated if a vaccine becomes available.Specifically, we ask: “How much do you trust the following people and organizations to do the right thing to best handle the current coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak?” For this analysis, we assess the likelihood that a respondent reports trusting an institution or individual leader “somewhat” or “a lot.” We then consider how partisanship and race influence trust in these institutions as well as the extent to which trust is associated with self-reported intent to be vaccinated for COVID-19 or to have received a flu vaccination this past season. We address both the state of trust and vaccine acceptance in August, as well as trends over time.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Large-Scale Forced Migration in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Bayar ◽  
Mustafa M. Aral
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
National Security ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Interstate Conflicts

In this paper, human security-related causes of large-scale forced migration (LSFM) in Africa are investigated for the period 2011–2017. As distinct from the conventional understanding of (national) security, human security involves economic, public health, environmental and other aspects of people’s wellbeing. Testing various hypotheses, we have found that civil and interstate conflicts, lack of democracy and poverty are the most important drivers of mass population displacements, whereas climate change has an indirect effect on the dependent variable. As a policy tool, foreign aid is also tested to see if it lowers the probability of LSFM. Our findings have implications for policy planning, since the conventional understanding of security falls short of addressing LSFM without taking various aspects of human security into account.

scholarly journals The Influence of Service Quality on Public Satisfaction and Public Trust: A Study on Jakarta Public Health Services during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Baiq Sany Ayu Citra ◽  
Bambang Setiono ◽  
Christian Haposan Pangaribuan ◽  
Maria Francisca Lies Ambarwati
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Public Trust ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Government

Objective – The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the government because of the uncertainty in public health services’ preparedness to provide patient-centered care that meets public needs. Hence, the necessity to evaluate service quality towards society’s satisfaction and trust during these difficult times. This study examines the influence of service quality towards public satisfaction and public trust on the public health services in Jakarta during the pandemic.Methodology – A quantitative method using regression data analysis with a total sample of 120 respondents.Findings – The result shows that two dimensions of public service quality (empathy and reliability) significantly influenced public satisfaction. However, the other three dimensions of public service quality (tangible, responsiveness, and assurance) did not influence public satisfaction. Only two dimensions of public service quality (reliability and responsiveness) significantly influenced public trust. The result found that public satisfaction positively influenced public trust. The relation was strongest compared to other correlations in the study.Novelty – This study examined public health services by the government of Jakarta during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 pandemic in the perspective of Indonesia’s national security

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Mir’atul Azizah ◽  
Adi Subiyanto ◽  
Sugeng Triutomo ◽  
Lexi Jalu Aji
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Political Economic

Corona Virus Diseases 2019 or COVID-19 is a global problem and become a health problem in Indonesia seriously. Currently, in Indonesia, till June 27, 2021, the number of cases has reached 2,115,304, with 57,138 deaths and 1,850,481 healing. Every day the issues of COVID-19 tend to increase. The COVID-19 pandemic affects all sectors. It is the political, economic, sociocultural, defense and security sectors. Generally, this study analyzes COVID-19 from the national security perspective, in which one of the elements is human security. This study used a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis approach to answering COVID-19 research problems from a national security perspective. This study indicated that COVID-19 impacts national security, military, political, economic, social, environmental, and human security. The government has released the regulations that arrange the community to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. The government has issued a vaccination policy to protect the public from COVID-19. The conclusion of this study, COVID-19 affects national security, both general security, and human security. The entirety handling of COVID-19 will enhance the sense of security of each citizen, especially in terms of human security.

PENERAPAN CLUSTERING PADA PENDUDUK YANG MEMPUNYAI KELUHAN KESEHATAN DENGAN DATAMINING K-MEANS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Rofiqo ◽  
Agus Perdana Windarto ◽  
Dedy Hartama
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
The Government

This study aims to utilize Clushtering Algorithm in grouping the number of people who have health complaints with the K-means algorithm in Indonesia. The source of this research data was collected based on the documents of the provincial population which had health complaints produced by the National Statistics Agency. The data used in this study are data from 2013-2017 consisting of 34 provinces. The method used in this research is K-means Algorithm. Data will be processed by clushtering in 3 clushter, namely clusther high health complaints, clusther moderate and low health complaints. Centroid data for high population level clusters 37.48, Centroid data for moderate population level clusters 27.08, and Centroid data for low population level clusters 14.89. So that obtained an assessment based on the population index that has health complaints with 7 provinces of high health complaints, namely Central Java, Yogyakarta, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, South Kalimantan, Gorontalo, 18 provinces of moderate health complaints, and 9 other provinces including low health complaints. This can be an input to the government to give more attention to residents in each region who have high health complaints through improving public health services so that the Indonesian population becomes healthier without health complaints.Keywords: data mining, health complaints, clustering, K-means, Indonesian residents

An analysis of major environmental threats to human security in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Naresh Bhakta Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
The Government

The paper mainly analyses the environmental threats focusing on climate change to human security in Nepal. Major aspects of human security are interlinked and interconnected in our context. Among them, human security offers much to the vibrant field of environmental security in Nepal. Environmental threats are linked to the overall impact on human survival, well-being, and productivity. A great deal of human security is tied to peoples’ access to natural resources and vulnerabilities to environmental change. The major environmental threats in our context is the climate change which have widespread implications for Nepal, causing impacts to water availability, agricultural production, forestry, among many other detrimental effects. The critical threat of environmental security needs to be taken into serious consideration to save our succeeding generation. This article primarily interpreted the government action towards emerging environmental threat based on realist approach. For the study of theme of this article, descriptive and analytical research has been used to draw present major environmental threats in Nepal. With consideration to factors, this article attempted to identify the major environmentally vulnerable areas that are likely to hamper the overall status of human security in Nepal. This paper also tried to suggest the measures to enhance the environmental security considering prospects and policy focusing on Nepalese diverse aspects.

Corrupt Practices in the Public Health Sector: A Focus on Metropolitan Local Government Areas of Kano State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mustapha Namadi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Sector ◽  
The Government

Corruption is pervasive in Nigeria at all levels. Thus, despite recent gains in healthcare provision, the health sector faces numerous corruption related challenges. This study aims at examining areas of corruption in the health sector with specific focus on its types and nature. A sample size of 480 respondents aged 18 years and above was drawn from the eight Metropolitan Local Government Areas of Kano State, using the multistage sampling technique. The results revealed evidence of corrupt practices including those related to unnecessary-absenteeism, diversion of patients from the public health facilities to the private sector, diverting money meant for the purchase of equipment, fuel and diesel, bribery, stealing of medications, fraud, misappropriation of medications and unjustifiable reimbursement claims. In order to resolve the problem of corrupt practices in the healthcare sector, the study recommended the need for enforcement of appropriate code of ethics guiding the conduct of the health professionals, adoption of anti-corruption strategies, and strengthening the government monitoring system to check corruption in public health sector in order to ensure equitable access to healthcare services among the under-privileged people in the society.

A Workable Method

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Numerous Case ◽  
Careful Scrutiny ◽  
The Government ◽  
Judicial Scrutiny

This chapter discusses the task of methodology. How might a court ascertain the appropriate mode of review in a given security-liberty case, and how might the court effectively undertake that review? The chapter suggests a calibrated judicial review method that affords the government wide latitude in most national security matters, with courts adopting a posture of substantial deference. However, when the government claims pressing public necessity to legitimate measures that curtail fundamental liberties of citizens or noncitizens, careful judicial scrutiny takes over. With Korematsu as backdrop, the method delineates the mechanics for selecting the appropriate type of review in a given case. In doing so, it speaks to a judicial review conundrum generated by a briar patch of unexplained boilerplate language in numerous case opinions—opinions that first recite “the court’s substantial deference” to the executive on security matters, then follow with “but the court is duty-bound to protect constitutional liberties,” implicating careful scrutiny.

Funding models and expenditures with primary healthcare in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil metropolitan area

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Vivas ◽  
M Duarte ◽  
A Pitta ◽  
B Christovam
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Healthcare Budget ◽  
Health Budget ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The government investments in quality primary healthcare are the basis to strengthening the health systems and monitoring the public expenditure in this area is a way to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the public health policies. The Brazil Ministry of Health changed, in 2017, the method of onlending federal resources to states and cities seeking to make the public funds management more flexible. This change, however, suppressed mandatory investments in primary healthcare. This research aims to determine the difference of expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil metropolitan area before and after this funding reform, seeking to verify how it can impact the quality of primary healthcare services and programs. Methods This is an ecological time-series study that used data obtained in the Brazil Ministry of Health budget reports. The median and interquartile range of expenditures on primary healthcare (set as the percentage of total public health budget applied in primary care services and programs) of the 13 cities in the Salvador metropolitan area were compared two years before and after the reform. Results The median of expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador metropolitan area was 25.5% (13,9% - 32,2%) of total public health budget before and 24.8% (20.8% - 30.0%) of total public health budget after the reform (-0.7% difference). Seven cities decreased the expenditures on primary healthcare after the reform, ranging from 1.2% to 10.8% reduction in the primary healthcare budget in five years. Conclusions Expenditures on primary healthcare in Salvador metropolitan area decreased after the 2017 funding reform. Seven of 13 cities reduced the government investments on primary healthcare services and programs in this scenario. Although the overall difference was -0.7%, the budget cuts ranged from 1.2% to 10.8% in the analyzed period and sample. More studies should assess these events in wide areas and with long time ranges. Key messages Public health funding models can impact the primary healthcare settings regardless of the health policy. Reforms in the funding models should consider the possible benefits before implementation. Funding models and methods that require mandatory investments in primary healthcare may be considered over more flexible ones.

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