EVALUATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CALCIUM ALGINATE BEADS MODIFIED WITH ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ADHATODA VASICA LEAF EXTRACT ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of calcium alginate (Ca-ALG) loaded with ethanolic extract of Adhatoda vasica (A. vasica) leaves against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli).Methods: Ca-ALG beads containing ethanolic extract of A. vasica leaves were developed by ionic gelation technique. The prepared Ca-ALG beads were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial effect of A. vasica leaf extract loaded Ca-ALG beads was examined against S. aureus and E. coli. Results: FT-IR studies revealed the cross-linking of ALG and calcium ions. The spherical morphology of the beads was designated by SEM. The prepared beads were found to display distinctive growth inhibition against S. aureus and E. coli.Conclusion: The antibacterial activity analysis indicated that the prepared beads have good activity against S. aureus and E. coli. The present study proposes a strategy to enhance antibacterial properties of ALG which are widely used in biomedical applications.

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Hand Sanitizer Ekstrak Daun Pucuk Idat (Cratoxylum glaucum) sebagai Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia ◽

10.20961/alchemy.16.2.32208.227-231 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 227

Author(s):

Megawati Ayu Putri ◽

Marhan Ebit Saputra ◽

Ike Nur Amanah ◽

Siska Musiam ◽

Verry Andre Fabiani

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Skin Irritation ◽

Test Results ◽

Antibacterial Test ◽

E Coli ◽

Hand Sanitizer ◽

Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium

Daun pucuk idat merupakan tanaman lokal Bangka Belitung yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.Sebagai upaya pemanfaatan potensi lokal maka dibuat suatu produk sediaan gel hand sanitizer yang praktis dan ekonomis. Ekstrak daun pucuk idat diperoleh dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut aseton. Ekstrak yang dihasilkan diformulasikan dalam berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun pucuk idat (40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%) dengan penambahan carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na) 0,25 g, gliserin 1 mL, propilenglikol 0,5 mL serta akuades 10 mL. Setiap formulasi gel handsanitizer dilakukan pengujian stabilitas fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji daya sebar, uji pH, uji iritasi kulit serta uji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa semua konsentrasi hand sanitizer berbentuk gel, berwarna kuning muda, berbau dan homogen. Uji pH dan daya sebar gel hand sanitizer telah memenuhi ketentuan SNI No. 06-2588. Pengujian iritasi kulit tidak menimbulkan kemerahan, gatal-gatal dan tidak mengakibatkan kulit menjadi kasar pada punggung tangan sukarelawan. Berdasarkan uji sifat fisik gel hand sanitizer yang dihasilkan memiliki sifat fisik yang serupa dengan gel hand sanitizer komersial. Hasil uji antibakteri hand sanitizer ekstrak daun pucuk idat terhadap E. coli dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun pucuk idat 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100% diperoleh diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 11,5 mm, 17,4 mm, 19,3 mm dan 19,3 mm, sedangkan pada bakteri S. aureus diperoleh diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 17,1 mm, 24,2 mm, 27,4 mm, dan 18 mm. Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa sediaan gel hand sanitizer ekstrak aseton daun pucuk idat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus.Hand Sanitizer of Leaves Extract of Cratoxylum glaucum as Antibacterial of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Cratoxylum glaucum leaves is local plants of Bangka Belitung which have antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. As an effort to explore local potential, a practical and economical gel hand sanitizer product was prepared. Cratoxylum glaucum leaves extract was obtained by maceration method using acetone. The extract was formulated in various concentrations of Cratoxylum glaucum leaf extract (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) with the addition of 0.25 g carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na), 1 mL glycerin, 0.5 mL propylene glycol and 10 mL distilled water. Each concentration of the hand sanitizer gel was tested for physical stability including organoleptic, homogenity, spreadability, pH, skin irritation and antibacterial activity test. The organoleptic test results showed that all concentrations of hand sanitizers formed gel with light yellow color, smelly odor and homogeneous form. The analysis of pH and spreadability of hand sanitizer gel has fulfilled SNI No. 06-2588. The skin irritation testing does not cause redness, itching, and rough skin on the back of volunteer hands. Based on the physical properties test, the resulting hand sanitizer gel has physical properties similar to commercial hand sanitizer gel. The results of the antibacterial test of hand sanitizer against E. coli with Cratoxylum glaucum leaf extract concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% obtained the diameter inhibitory zones of 11.5 mm, 17.4 mm, 19.3 mm, and 19.3 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the results of the antibacterial test of hand sanitizer against S. aureus bacteria with concentration of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% shows that the inhibition zone diameters were 17.1 mm, 24.2 mm, 27.4 mm, and 18 mm, respectively. The antibacterial test results shows that the gel hand sanitizer prepared has antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria.

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Antibacterial Activity of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) Ethanolic Extract

Current Biochemistry ◽

10.29244/cb.6.2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Waras Nurcholis ◽

Mira Takene ◽

Ratna Puspita ◽

Lisnawati Tumanggor ◽

Eka Nurul Qomariyah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

E Coli ◽

Cymbopogon Nardus ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Infectious diseases are a disease caused by bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. One way to overcome the disease by using antibiotics. However, wise use can lead to antibiotic resistance, so many bacteria are resistant to antibiotics. Therefore it is necessary to search the natural compounds as antibacterials, one of them by using lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of leaf extracts, stems, and roots lemongrass as antibacterial. The method used in this research is the disc method. Bacteria used are E. coli and S. aureus. The results show extracts of roots, stems, and leaf has activity against S. aureus, while E. coli shows no activity as antibacterial, it can be possible because of the different properties of the bacteria. Keywords: anti-bacteria, lemongrass, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus

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Antibacterial activity of granulated carbon sorbents

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2017.03.76-82 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 76-82

Author(s):

В.Т. Долгих ◽

Л.Г. Пьянова ◽

Т.И. Долгих ◽

В.А. Лихолобов ◽

О.В. Корпачева ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Carbon Sorbents ◽

E Coli ◽

Petri Dishes

Цель исследования - изучение антибактериальной активности гранулированных углеродных сорбентов по отношению к патогенной микрофлоре в условиях различной продолжительности контакта с сорбентом. Методика. Исследовали антибактериальные свойства гранулированного сорбента ВНИИТУ-1, обработанного гидромеханически, окисленного и стабилизированного до нормативных значений рН и модифицированного поли-N-винилпирролидоном (ПВП) ВНИИТУ-1 по отношению к патогенным микроорганизмам: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae, а также к их смесям. Все микроорганизмы представляли собой клинические штаммы, выделенные из ран пациентов. Предварительно тест-микроорганизмы были исследованы на чувствительность к современным антибиотикам. Опытным путем подбирали такие разведения и количество засеваемого материала, чтобы выросшие на чашке Петри колонии можно было сосчитать. Бактерии сорбировали из физиологического раствора с концентрацией микробных клеток 3 х 10 колониеобразующих единиц в 1 мл исследуемой пробы (КОЕ/мл). В пробирку типа Эппендорф вносили сорбент в количестве 0,5 мл, добавляли 1 мл микробной взвеси, встряхивали для удаления пузырьков воздуха и выдерживали в термостате в течение 1, 3, 6 и 24 ч. По истечении заданного времени контакта сорбента с патогенной микрофлорой отбирали надосадочную жидкость в объеме 100 мкл, засевали на стерильные агаровые пластины чашек Петри с питательной средой ГМФ-агар. Засеянные чашки Петри помещали в СО-инкубатор 15АС (Япония) вверх дном и инкубировали при температуре 37 ± 1°С в течение 24 ± 2 ч. При подсчете колоний, выросших на чашке Петри, учитывали только те чашки, на которых выросло более 300 изолированных колоний. Результаты. Гранулированный сорбент ВНИИТУ-1 обладает антибактериальным действием в отношении как грамположительных, так и грамотрицательных бактерий, а также их смеси. Сроки проявления антибактериального эффекта сорбента зависят от вида микроорганизмов и времени их контакта с образцом. Присутствие в составе сорбента модификатора ПВП усиливает его антибактериальные свойства. Полимермодифицированный образец обладает пролонгированным антибактериальным эффектом в отношении широкого спектра микроорганизмов (E. coli, St. aureus, P. aeruginosae и St. aureus) и смеси их культур. Заключение. Показана возможность повышения антибактериальных свойств гранулированных углеродных сорбентов по отношению к патогенной микрофлоре путем их модификации поли-N-винилпирролидоном. Дальнейшая разработка и применение углеродных сорбентов как средств сорбционной терапии является перспективным подходом к местному лечению гнойных ран. The purpose: Study the antibacterial activity of granulated carbon sorbents in relation to the pathogenic microflora under the conditions of different period of contact with sorbent. Methods. It has been investigated the antibacterial properties of VNIITU-1 granulated sorbent, which was hydromechanically treated, oxidized and stabilized up to pH standard parameters and VNIITU-1 modified poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) against the pathogenic micro-organisms, including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae, and their mixes. All bacteria were clinical strains derived from the wounds of patients. Dilutions and amount of inoculated material were experimentally selected for further calculation of the grown colonies on the Petri dish. Bacteria were sorbed from the saline solution with bacteria concentration of 3 х 10 of the colony forming units in 1 ml of test sample (CFU/ ml). Eppendorf tube was added the sorbent 0.5 ml and bacterial suspension 1 ml; then the tube was shaken to remove the air bubbles and incubated for 1, 3, 6 and 24 hr. Upon the expiry of the target time for sorbent with pathogenic flora contact the supernatant fluid was collected in 100 ul and inoculated on the sterile agar plates of the Petri dishes with GMF agar nutrient medium. Inoculated Petri dishes were placed upside down in СО incubator 15AC (Japan) and incubated at 37 ± 1°C for 24 ± 2 hours. When counting the colonies growing on the Petri dish, they took into consideration only the dishes where more than 300 isolated colonies were grown. If more than 300 colonies were grown, «> 3x102 CFU/ml» was recorded in the protocol. Results. Granulated sorbent VNIITU-1 has an antibacterial effect against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and their mixes. Time period for manifestations of the sorbent antibacterial effect depends on the type of microorganisms and time of contact. PVP presence in sorbent composition enhances the antibacterial effect of the sorbent. Resin-modified sample has a prolonged antibacterial effect against a broad spectrum of microorganisms (E. coli, St. aureus, P. aeruginosae and St. aureus) and mixtures of their cultures. Conclusion. It has been determined the possibility for increasing of antibacterial properties of granulated carbon sorbents against the pathogenic microflora by their modification with poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone. Further development and application of carbon sorbents as the means for sorption therapy is a perspective approach for the local treatment of purulent wounds.

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In vitro evaluation of antibacterial potential of Andrographis paniculata against resistant bacterial pathogens methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli)

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.03.006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (03) ◽

pp. 4879

Author(s):

Srikala Ganapathy* ◽

Karpagam S.

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

E Coli ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant

Rise of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria namely Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli results in reduced efficacy of currently used antibacterial agents. Medicinal plants serve as potential targets for biologically effective antibacterial agents. The present study determined the phytochemical and invitro antibacterial activity of ethanol, chloroform, hexane and water extracts of whole plant of Andrographis paniculata against MRSA and MDR Escherichia coli. Zone of inhibition diameters were measured. Compared to all the extracts, ethanolic extract showed highest activity. The antibacterial activity was absent in hexane and water extracts. Chloroform extracts showed moderately good activity. The antibacterial compounds found in ethanolic extract were flavanoids, saponins and alkaloids.

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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Widuri Terhadap Escherichia Coli Dan Staphylococcus Aureus

Jurnal Farmasi Tinctura ◽

10.35316/tinctura.v2i1.1539 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Siti Zamilatul Azkiyah

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

The Body ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Antibiotics have a very important role in fighting bacterial infections in the body. However, the results given so far have not been optimal in overcoming the problem of bacterial infection. An alternative solution is to develop and study plants that have medicinal potential, for example thistle leaves (Calotrophis gigantean). The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of thistle leaf extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This research is a laboratory-scale experimental research that is to test the activity of thistle leaf extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus including sample identification, extraction, activity testing by observing the inhibition zone of the two tested bacteria. Based on the results of the study stated that the ethanol extract of 70% Widuri leaves (Calotrophis gigantea) had antibacterial activity and could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The active compounds that are thought to have antibacterial properties in the ethanol extract of Widuri leaves (Calotrophis gigantea) are flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids. Keywords: Widuri leaves, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial ABSTRAK Pentingnya penanggulangan infeksi bakteri menggunakan antibiotik adalah hal yang lazim dalam terapi farmakologi. Dampak dari pemberian antibiotik masih belum maksimal dalam penanggulangannya terhadap infeksi bakteri. Pemilihan alternatif bahan alam dengan kandungan kimia yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibiotik dapat menjadi pilihan lain dalam mengurangi penggunaan antibiotik sintetik, misalnya tanaman widuri (Calotrophis gigantean). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun widuri terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Desain penelitian meliputi identifikasi sampel, ekstraksi, hingga uji aktivitas dengan mengamati zona hambat dari kedua bakteri uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 70% daun Widuri memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Senyawa aktif yang diduga bersifat antibakteri pada ekstrak etanol daun Widuri adalah senyawa golongan flavonoid, alkaloid dan terpenoid. Kata Kunci: Daun Widuri, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibakteri

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Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Extracts of Different Parts of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 252

Author(s):

Mohammad K. Okla ◽

Abdulrahman A. Alatar ◽

Saud S. Al-amri ◽

Walid H. Soufan ◽

Altaf Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

E Coli

Increased problems associated with side effects and bacterial resistance of chemical drugs has prompted the research focus on herbal medicines in the past few decades. In the present investigation, the antimicrobial activity of the various parts of Avicennia marina (AM), a mangrove plant, has been evaluated. The plants were collected from the Jazan area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Primary extracts of roots, stem, leaves, fruits, and seeds were made in ethanol and fractioned in ethanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, chloroform, and water. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts were determined against Bacillussubtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. It has been observed that the chloroform extract of roots of the AM exhibited inhibitory effects against both S. aureus (MIC = 1.5 ± 0.03 mg/mL) and E. coli (MIC = 1.7 ± 0.01 mg/mL). The ethanolic extract of the AM roots has shown antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 10.8 ± 0.78 mg/mL), Bacillussubtilis (MIC = 6.1 ± 0.27 mg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 2.3 ± 0.08 mg/mL), and Escherichia coli (MIC = 6.3 ± 0.28 mg/mL). The leaf extract of the AM in ethyl acetate showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. Antifungal activity of these extracts was also investigated against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. Ethanolic extract of roots and seeds of the AM has shown antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus when applied individually. Ethanolic extract of the AM fruits has shown an inhibitory effect on the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. It is suggested that the plant extracts of AM have tremendous antimicrobial activity against a group of microbes, and this effect depends on both the plant part and the solvent used for extraction. Therefore, this plant can be considered to treat various diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

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SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL KOBALT FERRIT (CoFe2O4) MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI

CHEMISTRY PROGRESS ◽

10.35799/cp.12.1.2019.27919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Charissa L. Luntungan ◽

Henry F. Aritonang ◽

Vanda S. Kamu

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Clear Zone ◽

Cofe2o4 Nanoparticles ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian mengenai sintesis nanopartikel CoFe2O4 menggunakan ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis). dengan variasi perbandingan mol (Co(NO3)2.6H2O) : (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O) = 1:1 dalam 15 mL. Nanopartikel tersebut dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD dan SEM serta diuji aktivitas antibakterinya. Uji aktivitas antibakteri mengunakan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positif) dan Escherichia coli (gram-negatif). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ukuran nanopartikelnya adalah 37,52 nm. Kemudian aktivitas antibakteri diketahui berdasarkan luasnya zona bening yang terbentuk dengan hasil diperoleh sebesar 15 mm untuk bakteri E.coli dan 20 mm untuk bakteri S.aureus. Daun Binahong sendiri memiliki sifat sebagai antibakteri dengan hasil yang didapat adalah 8,25 mm untuk bakteri E.coli dan 10,25 mm untuk bakteri S.aureus. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa nanopartikel CoFe2O4 1 : 1 dalam 15 mL ekstrak dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteriABSTRACTIt has been done research on the synthesis of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles using binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) leaf extract. With comparison mol variation of (Co(NO3)2.6H2O) : (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O) = 1:1 in 15 mL extract. The nanoparticles were characterized using XRD and SEM and tested for their antibacterial activities. Test antibacterial activity using Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive) bacteria and Escherichia coli (gram-negative). The results showed that the nanoparticle size was 37.52 nm. Antibacterial activity is known by the extent of the clear zone formed with the results obtained by 15 mm for the E. coli bacteria and 20 mm for the bacteria S. aureus. The leaf Binahong itself has a trait as an antibacterial with the results obtained is 8.25 mm for the bacteria E. coli and 10.25 mm for the S.aureus bacteria. This suggests that the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles 1:1 mol in 15 mL extrack are used as antibacterial.

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Antibacterial activity and toxicological evaluation of Anogeissusleiocarpus and Psidium guajava on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences ◽

10.4314/bajopas.v14i1.25 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 214-220

Author(s):

S.A. Yabo ◽

S.B. Manga ◽

A.S. Baki ◽

R.F. Atata ◽

S. Gambo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Toxicological Evaluation ◽

E Coli ◽

Function Tests ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

The study was carried out to determine the antibacterial activities and toxicological evaluation of Anogeissusleiocarpus and Psidiumguajava on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples. The plants leaves were extracted using Hexane, Methanol, Ethanol and Water. Various concentrations (50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25mg/ml) of the crude extract of the plants were prepared and their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli was determined using Agar well (Diffusion) method. Toxicity of the plants was evaluated, acute toxicity test, kidney and liver function tests. The result revealed that at 50mg/ml concentration, the leaf extract of Psidiumguajava was active against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli exhibiting the highest zones of inhibition of 19mm and 9mm respectively. Whereas The leaf extract of Anogeissusleiocarpus only inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus recording highest zone of inhibition of 15mm at a concentration of 50mg/ml. The plant extracts were found to be non-toxic as the LD50 was above 5000mg/kg and the biochemical parameters evaluated for both liver and kidney function tests revealed values that are within normal range. Hence the study established that consumption of the leaves of P.guajava for medicinal purpose can be said to be innocuous, as such the plant could be regarded as a potential candidate in the search of potent and harmless plants of therapeutic value.

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Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and their Antibacterial Properties using Plant Extract of Aristolochia elegans

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2020.22812 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. 2589-2593

Author(s):

Juhi Aggarwal ◽

Tanveer Alam

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Antibacterial Property ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Ft Ir

Present paper deals with the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using leaf extract of Aristolochia elegans and study of antibacterial property for some human bacterial pathogens. The ZnONPs synthesized were characterized using UV-Vis, FT-IR, XRD, EDX, TEM and SEM techniques. The synthesized ZnONP having a crystallite size of 20.1 nm exhibited a distinct absorption peak maxima at 358 nm. The ZnONPs synthesized using the extract of A. elegans have shown antibacterial activity against M. luteus, S. aureus (Gram-positive), E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Gram-negative).

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Hand Sanitizer Ekstrak Daun Pucuk Idat (Cratoxylum glaucum) sebagai Antibakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia ◽

10.20961/alchemy.16.2.32208.76-80 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Megawati Ayu Putri ◽

Marhan Ebit Saputra ◽

Ike Nur Amanah ◽

Siska Musiam ◽

Verry Andre Fabiani

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Skin Irritation ◽

Test Results ◽

Antibacterial Test ◽

E Coli ◽

Hand Sanitizer ◽

Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium

ABSTRAK. Daun pucuk idat merupakan tanaman lokal Bangka Belitung yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.Sebagai upaya pemanfaatan potensi lokal maka dibuat suatu produk sediaan gel hand sanitizer yang praktis dan ekonomis. Ekstrak daun pucuk idat diperoleh dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut aseton. Ekstrak yang dihasilkan diformulasikan dalam berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun pucuk idat (40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%) dengan penambahan carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na) 0,25 g, gliserin 1 mL, propilenglikol 0,5 mL serta akuades 10 mL. Setiap formulasi gel handsanitizer dilakukan pengujian stabilitas fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji daya sebar, uji pH, uji iritasi kulit serta uji aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa semua konsentrasi hand sanitizer berbentuk gel, berwarna kuning muda, berbau dan homogen. Uji pH dan daya sebar gel hand sanitizer telah memenuhi ketentuan SNI No. 06-2588. Pengujian iritasi kulit tidak menimbulkan kemerahan, gatal-gatal dan tidak mengakibatkan kulit menjadi kasar pada punggung tangan sukarelawan. Berdasarkan uji sifat fisik gel hand sanitizer yang dihasilkan memiliki sifat fisik yang serupa dengan gel hand sanitizer komersial. Hasil uji antibakteri hand sanitizer ekstrak daun pucuk idat terhadap E. coli dengan konsentrasi ekstrak daun pucuk idat 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100% diperoleh diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 11,5 mm, 17,4 mm, 19,3 mm dan 19,3 mm, sedangkan pada bakteri S. aureus diperoleh diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 17,1 mm, 24,2 mm, 27,4 mm, dan 18 mm. Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa sediaan gel hand sanitizer ekstrak aseton daun pucuk idat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus.ABSTRACT. Hand Sanitizer of leaves extractof Cratoxylum glaucum as antibacterial of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Cratoxylum glaucum leaves is local plants of Bangka Belitung which have antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. As an effort to explore local potential, a practical and economical gel hand sanitizer product was prepared. Cratoxylum glaucum leaves extract was obtained by maceration method using acetone. The extract was formulated in various concentrations of Cratoxylum glaucum leaf extract (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) with the addition of 0.25 g carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na), 1 mL glycerin, 0.5 mL propylene glycol and 10 mL distilled water. Each concentration of the hand sanitizer gel was tested for physical stability including organoleptic, homogenity, spreadability, pH, skin irritation and antibacterial activity test. The organoleptic test results showed that all concentrations of hand sanitizers formed gel with light yellow color, smelly odor and homogeneous form. The analysis of pH and spreadability of hand sanitizer gel has fulfilled SNI No. 06-2588. The skin irritation testing does not cause redness, itching, and rough skin on the back of volunteer hands. Based on the physical properties test, the resulting hand sanitizer gel has physical properties similar to commercial hand sanitizer gel. The results of the antibacterial test of hand sanitizer against E. coli with Cratoxylum glaucum leaf extract concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% obtained the diameter inhibitory zones of 11.5 mm, 17.4 mm, 19.3 mm, and 19.3 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the results of the antibacterial test of hand sanitizer against S. aureus bacteria with concentration of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% shows that the inhibition zone diameters were 17.1 mm, 24.2 mm, 27.4 mm, and 18 mm, respectively. The antibacterial test results shows that the gel hand sanitizer prepared has antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria.

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