scholarly journals CYTOGENETIC BIOMONITORING AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CAR SPRAY PAINTERS IN ENUGU METROPOLIS, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 320-324
Author(s):  
ANULIKA ONYEMELUKWE ◽  
PETER ACHUKWU ◽  
NKIRUKA AZUBUIKE ◽  
UZOAMAKA MADUAKOR ◽  
OKECHUKWU ONWUKWE
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Buccal Cells ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Buccal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
P53 Genes ◽  
Participant Information ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Objective: This study assessed the cytogenetic damage associated with occupational exposure to paints by evaluating exfoliated buccal epithelial cells from car spray painters in Enugu metropolis using some biological markers. Methods: A total of 352 apparently healthy males, comprising 200 car spray painters and a control group of 152 individuals, participated in the study. Buccal smears were obtained from each participant and were stained using hematoxylin and eosin technique. A total of 1000 cells per individual were scored under light microscopy to determine the frequencies of micronuclei (MN) and binucleate cells (BNC). Structured questionnaires were used to obtain relevant participant information. Expression patterns of Ki-67and p53 genes on the buccal cells were determined by immunocytochemical methods. Results: Car spray painters had significantly increased frequencies of MN and BNC (*p<0.05) when compared to the control subjects. Paint sprayers aged over 35 years had higher buccal cell MN frequency when compared to those <25 years. Furthermore, car spray painters who have worked for ≥15 years had higher frequencies of MN when compared to those who had worked for <5 years (*p<0.05). Smoking and alcohol consumption increased the MN frequency of the car spray painters (*p<0.05). There was no expression of p53 and Ki-67 genes in the buccal cells of both control and exposed subjects. Conclusion: Car spray painters in Enugu metropolis may be occupationally exposed to substances capable of inducing genotoxic changes which manifested as increased frequency of MN in their buccal cells.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical WWOX Expression and Association with Angiogenesis, p53 Expression, Cell Proliferation and Clinicopathological Parameters in Cervical Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 079-085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Seabra ◽  
Eduardo Cândido ◽  
Paula Vidigal ◽  
Rivia Lamaita ◽  
Angélica Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Pelvic Lymphadenectomy ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

Objective The current study evaluated the expression of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX), its association with clinicopathological features and with p53, Ki-67 (cell proliferation) and CD31 (angiogenesis) expression in patients with invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma (ICSCC). To the best of our knowledge, no other study has evaluated this association. Methods Women with IB stage-ICSCC (n = 20) and women with uterine leiomyoma (n = 20) were prospectively evaluated. Patients with ICSCC were submitted to type B-C1 radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Patients in the control group underwent vaginal hysterectomy. Tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological evaluation and protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry studies. Results The WWOX expression was significantly lower in the tumor compared with the expression in the benign cervix (p = 0.019). The WWOX expression was inversely associated with the CD31 expression in the tumor samples (p = 0.018). There was no association between the WWOX expression with the p53 expression (p = 0.464) or the Ki-67 expression (p = 0.360) in the samples of invasive carcinoma of the cervix. There was no association between the WWOX expression and tumor size (p = 0.156), grade of differentiation (p = 0.914), presence of lymphatic vascular invasion (p = 0.155), parametrium involvement (p = 0.421) or pelvic lymph node metastasis (p = 0.310) in ICSCC tissue samples. Conclusion The results suggested that WWOX may be involved in ICSCC carcinogenesis, and this marker was associated with tumor angiogenesis.

scholarly journals DNA damage and cytotoxicity in pathology laboratory technicians exposed to organic solvents

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
TATIANE DE AQUINO ◽  
FERNANDA F. ZENKNER ◽  
JOEL H. ELLWANGER ◽  
DANIEL PRÁ ◽  
ALEXANDRE RIEGER
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Buccal Cells ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Micronucleus Frequency ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
Cytome Assay

The aim of this study was to evaluate potential DNA damage and cytotoxicity in pathology laboratory technicians exposed to organic solvents, mainly xylene. Peripheral blood and buccal cells samples were collected from 18 technicians occupationally exposed to organic solvents and 11 non-exposed individuals. The technicians were sampled at two moments: Monday and Friday. DNA damage and cytotoxicity were evaluated using the Comet Assay and the Buccal Micronucleus Cytome assay. Fifteen subjects (83.5%) of the exposed group to solvents complained about some symptom probably related to contact with vapours of organic solvents. DNA damage in the exposed group to solvents was nearly 2-fold higher on Friday than on Monday, and in both moments the individuals of this group showed higher levels of DNA damage in relation to controls. No statistical difference was detected in buccal cell micronucleus frequency between the laboratory technicians and the control group. However, in the analysis performed on Friday, technicians presented higher frequency (about 3-fold) of karyolytic and apoptotic-like cells (karyorrhectic and pyknotic) in relation to control group. Considering the damage frequency and the working time, a positive correlation was found in the exposed group to solvents (r=0.468; p=0.05). The results suggest that pathology laboratory workers inappropriately exposed to organic solvents have increased levels of DNA damage.

Clinical effect of Suvarna Bindu Prashan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patil Aniket ◽  
Dindore Pallavi ◽  
Arbar Aziz ◽  
Kadam Avinash ◽  
Saroch Vikas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Immune Booster ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The quest for excellence in mental and physical health is not new. We find various references and formulations in Ayurvedic classics meant for promoting mental and physical health of a child. Suvarna Prashan is one of the formulations explained in age old Ayurvedic classic Kashyap Samhita. This formulation is very widely used now days as a memory and immune booster for children. But there is very little systematic documented study which can be used to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation. Suvarna Bhasma was prepared in Ayurved Rasayani Pharmacy, Pune. Madhu and Ghrita were collected from KLE Ayurveda Pharmacy, Belgaum. Suvarna Bindu Prashan was prepared in KLE Ayurved pharmacy, Belgaum. It contains Suvarna Bhasma, Ghrita and Madhu. Twenty apparently healthy male and female children with age group of three to four years were ready to sign inform consent form were selected into two groups each. Subjects in Group A received Suvarna Bindu Prashan where as Group B (Control group) did not receive any treatment. Both the groups were observed for six months. Children in Suvarna Bindu Prashan group showed significant reduction in the scores of eating habits, behavior, mood, temperament and scores of event of illness. However there was no significant difference in the score of sleeping habit. There was significant increase in IQ percentage.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cytokines and Proliferation Marker Ki67 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Pilot Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Rudolfs Janis Viksne ◽  
Gunta Sumeraga ◽  
Mara Pilmane
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Proliferation Marker ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background and Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a condition that affects as much as 10.9% of the population and, along with presence of nasal polyps, is associated with significant morbidity and decreased quality of life. Studies on molecular pathways that have been activated in nasal polyp tissue are mainly based on cytokine concentration detection. Therefore, our aim is to investigate the complex appearance, relative distribution and interlinks of IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and Ki 67 in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) affected human nasal mucosa. Materials and Methods: Samples of nasal polyps were obtained from 12 patients with previously diagnosed CRSwNP and no prior surgery. Control group consisted of samples from 17 otherwise healthy individuals with isolated nasal septum deviation. Tissues were stained for IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and Ki67 immunohistochemically. Non-parametric statistic, Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used. Results: All factors, except connective tissue cytokine IL-10 and proliferation marker Ki-67, had increased presence in connective tissue and decreased presence in epithelium of nasal polyps when compared to controls. Very strong and strong positive correlations between factors were observed. Conclusions: Decreased appearance of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 positive structures in the nasal epithelium with selective increase of IL-1α and IL-12 in nasal subepithelial connective tissue characterize the cytokine endotype with dysfunctional epithelial barrier and local stimulation of immune response in the connective tissue in case of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps. Decrease of IL-6 in both—epithelium and connective tissue with strong correlation between it and IL-7 and IL-10 in connective tissue suggests significant stimulation of this regulatory cytokine and, possibly, the important role in pathogenesis of the development in nasal polyps. Correlations between Ki67 and cytokines indicate possible involvement of IL-4, IL-7 and IL-12 in regulation of cellular proliferation.

Concurrent Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma (EIC) and Serous Ovarian Cancer: Can EIC Be Seen as the Precursor Lesion?

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thijs Roelofsen ◽  
Léon C.L.T. van Kempen ◽  
Jeroen A.W.M. van der Laak ◽  
Maaike A. van Ham ◽  
Johan Bulten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Neoplastic Progression ◽  
Precursor Lesion ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Ploidy Analysis ◽  
Intraepithelial Carcinoma

ObjectiveThe pathogenesis of serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) is still unknown. Recently, endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma (EIC) was proposed to be the precursor lesion of SOC. This study examines the model of EIC as precursor for SOC.MethodsCases of SOC with a noninvasive or superficially invasive serous lesion, a hyperplastic lesion with/without atypia, or EIC in the endometrium were selected for inclusion in this study. Tissue sections from both ovaries, the fallopian tubes, and the uterus were extensively reviewed by an expert gynecopathologist. For both EIC and SOC, immunostaining for p53, Ki-67, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor; TP53 mutation analysis; and in situ ploidy analysis were performed.ResultsNine cases of SOC with concurrent EIC in the endometrium were identified. Immunostaining for p53, Ki-67, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor revealed almost identical expression patterns and similar intensities in each pair of EIC and coincident SOC. Identical TP53 mutations were found in SOC and coinciding EIC in 33% of the cases, suggesting a clonal origin. DNA ploidy analysis, as a marker for neoplastic progression, demonstrated an increased number of aneuploid nuclei in SOC compared to their corresponding EIC (P = 0.039). In addition, the mean amount of DNA per nucleus in SOC was higher (ie, more aneuploid) compared to EIC (P = 0.039).ConclusionThis study provides a first indication of EIC as possible precursor lesion for SOC. This finding could have major clinical implications for future ovarian cancer management and underscores EIC as a possible target for early SOC detection and prevention.

Inhibition of microbial adherence by sphinganine

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Jan Bibel ◽  
Raza Aly ◽  
Henry R. Shinefield
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Buccal Cells ◽  
Streptococcus Mitis ◽  
Buccal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Microbial Adherence ◽  
Complex Sphingolipids

Sphingosines (precursors and degeneration products of complex sphingolipids) are mediators in membrane second-messenger cascades and in a wide variety of functions in eukaryotic cells. Sphingosines are also lethal for gram-positive microorganisms. In addition to its direct effect, sphinganine is here reported to affect the adherence of Streptococcus mitis to buccal epithelial cells and of Staphylococcus aureus to nasal mucosal cells after incubation for 90 min at 37 °C. When the bacteria were pretreated with 8.1, 16.2, 32.5, or (for Strep. mitis) 65 μM sphinganine for 60 min at 37 °C, adherence counts were reduced for Staph. aureus by 27, 37, and 60% and for Strep. mitis by 19, 44, 54, and 73%, respectively (p < 0.001). In contrast, pretreatment of buccal cells with 81.2 μM lipid increased adherence by 14% (p < 0.01), but no change occurred at either 16.2 or 325 μM lipid. These results further demonstrate the double-edged ability of sphingosines to regulate cellular activities and their potential as multifunctional therapeutic agents for infectious diseases. Key words: adherence, sphingosine, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis.

Study on Kidney Function in Female Workers Exposed to Perchlorethylene

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vyskočil ◽  
S. Emminger ◽  
J. Tejral ◽  
Z. Fiala ◽  
E. Ettlerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Dry Cleaning ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

1 Biochemical markers of kidney damage were examined in 16 female workers chronically exposed to tetrachlorethylene (TCE) in five dry-cleaning shops. The results were compared with those obtained in 13 females non-occupationally exposed to organic solvents. 2 The intensity of exposure was monitored by personal environmental monitoring. The time-weighed average exposure to TCE amounted to 157 mg m-3 (range 9-799 mg m-3). A satisfactory agreement was found between the concentration of TCE in ambient air sampled with the charcoal tube method and with a passive dosimeter. 3 The urinary excretion of lysozyme was increased in the exposed group. No difference was found in the urinary excretion of albumin, β2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, total proteins or glucose. The prevalence of abnormal values of biochemical parameters in the exposed group did not differ from that observed in the control group. No correlation was found between the level of TCE exposure and biochemical parameters. 4 The present study suggests that chronic exposure to TCE does not lead to renal damage.

scholarly journals Altered Expression of ESR1, ESR2, PELP1 and c-SRC Genes Is Associated with Ovarian Cancer Manifestation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6216
Author(s):  
Monika Englert-Golon ◽  
Mirosław Andrusiewicz ◽  
Aleksandra Żbikowska ◽  
Małgorzata Chmielewska ◽  
Stefan Sajdak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Tyrosine Protein Kinase ◽  
Ovarian Tumorigenesis ◽  
Protein Immunoreactivity

Ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of death due to gynecologic malignancy. Estrogen-related pathways genes, such as estrogen receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and their coregulators, proline-, glutamic acid-, and leucine-rich protein 1 (PELP1), and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase c-Src (SRC) are involved in ovarian cancer induction and development, still they require in-depth study. In our study, tissue samples were obtained from 52 females of Caucasian descent (control group without cancerous evidence (n = 27), including noncancerous benign changes (n = 15), and the ovarian carcinoma (n = 25)). Using quantitative analyses, we investigated ESRs, PELP1, and SRC mRNA expression association with ovarian tumorigenesis. Proteins’ presence and their location were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that PELP1 and SRC expression levels were found to differ in tissues of different sample types. The expression patterns were complex and differed in the case of ovarian cancer patients compared to controls. The most robust protein immunoreactivity was observed for PELP1 and the weakest for ESR1. The expression patterns of analyzed genes represent a potentially interesting target in ovarian cancer biology, especially PELP1. This study suggests that specific estrogen-mediated functions in the ovary and ovary-derived cancer might result from different local interactions of estrogen with their receptors and coregulators.

Experience of using the drug Glutoxim in patients with benign and borderline epithelial ovarian tumors after performing conservative surgical treatment

2018 ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
A.A. Sukhanova ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Yegorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
Relapse Therapy ◽  
E Cadherin

The objective: to increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with benign and borderline epithelial ovarian tumors (EOT) after conservative operations performed based on the definition of a high risk group for recurrence and malignancy according to the molecular expression profile of the markers p53, Ki-67, estrogen receptors (ER), CD34 and E-cadherin and inclusion in the complex anti-relapse therapy of the immunomodulating drug Glutoxim. Materials and methods. A clinical examination of 60 patients of reproductive age with EOT was performed, which were treated with organ-sparing surgical treatment (main group). Of these 60 patients, 30 women (subgroup I) were diagnosed with benign EOT (BEOT), the remaining 30 women (subgroup II) were diagnosed with borderline EOT (BoEOT) Ia and Ib stages in FIGO. In removed tumors after routine histopathological examination, the molecular profile was determined by immunohistochemically determining the protein regulator of apoptosis p53, proliferation index (PI) by Ki-67 expression, estrogen receptors — ER, microvessel density by CD34 expression and E-cadherin intercellular adhesion protein. Based on the molecular profile determination data, the removed tumor was ranked as high or low risk of recurrence and malignancy. Patients from the high-risk group for relapse and malignancy according to the molecular profile data included the immunomodulating drug Glutoxim in the complex anti-relapse therapy - intramuscularly 10 mg daily for 2 weeks with a course repeated every six months for 3 years. The control group consisted of 64 patients with BEOT and BoEOT, who underwent conservative surgical treatment without further anti-relapse treatment. Results. During the molecular profile study, it was found that high risk of recurrence and malignancy had EOT with p53 expression (LI ≥15%), high proliferative activity of cells with Ki-67 expression (PI ≥10%), low estrogen reception (LI ER < 49.5%), high density of microvessels on the expression of CD34 (IM ≥40 mv /mm2), low level of intercellular adhesion on the expression of E-cadherin (LI <59%). Molecular profile characterizing a high risk of recurrence and malignancy, in most cases was inherent in BoEOT. The purpose of a comprehensive anti-relapse treatment with the inclusion of the immunomodulatory drug Glutoxim (intramuscularly daily at 10 mg for 2 weeks) after performing of sparing conservative surgical treatment with a repetition of the course every six months in patients at high risk of relapse and malignancy according to molecular profile data has reduced the relapse of EOT to 6.7% in patients of the main group compared with 20.3% in the control group during three years of follow-up observation of patients. The difference is statistically significant (p <0.05). Conclusion. In order to prevent cases of recurrence and malignancy in patients with EOT at high risk of relapse and malignancy according to molecular profile data after a sparing surgical treatment that preserves their reproductive function, it is recommended that Glutoxim is administered in complex anti-relapse therapy at 10 mg intramuscularly per every day for 2 weeks with a repetition of the course every six months for 3 years. Key words: benign epithelial ovarian tumors, borderline epithelial ovarian tumors, high risks of recurrence and malignancy, anti-relapse therapy, reproductive function, Glutoxim.

Significance of graded doses of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera (L) on live body weight, gonadal, extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves of Yankasa rams

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
And Control ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract on live body weight, gonadal and extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves of Yankasa rams. Twenty five apparently healthy Yankasa rams aged 1-2 years and weighing 19.0 ± 2.1 Kg were used for the study. The rams were randomly selected into five groups: A, B, C, D and E with five rams in each group as treatment and control groups respectively. Groups A - D were given oral dose of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract at a dose rate of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 (mg/kg), respectively while group E was given 10 ml/kg water orally, daily for five months. Live body weight, gonadal and extragonadal reserves were determined according to standard techniques. The results showed a significant increase in live body weight in the months of April to June among rams treated with different doses of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract compared with the control group. The control group showed no significant differences in the body weight, gonadal and extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves. In conclusion, the treatment of Yankasa rams with Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract increased live body weight, but had no significant effects on gonadal and extragonadal dimensions and sperm reserves in Yankasa rams. Therefore, it is recommended that M. oleifera aqueous seed extract can be used at doses of 2000mg/kg to 3000mg/kg in Yankasa rams for optimum gain in live body weight.

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