scholarly journals SCREENING OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA PRODUCING ANTIFUNGAL ISOLATED FROM INDONESIA MEDICINAL PLANT, JAVA GINSENG (TALINUM TRIANGULARE) (JACQ.) WILLD

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alimuddin Ali ◽  
Herlina Rante
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Talinum Triangulare

Objective: The objective of this research was to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from Talinum triangulare having antifungal activity.Methods: The endophytic bacteria were isolated from roots tissue of Talinum triangulare by surface sterilization method. The isolates were cultured in Trypticase Soybean agar and antagonist activities were evaluated by dual culture assay against Fusarium oxysporum, Trichoderma reesei and Candida albicans. For metabolite antifungal activities, bacterial isolates were grown for 4 d in TS broth at 35 °C under shaking condition. The antifungal activities of the supernatant extract were determined by using the disk agar diffusion. Polyketide synthase (PKS I) and NRPS genes fragments of all isolates were amplified.Results: The result reveals that 4 of 23 endophytic bacterial isolates demonstrated great antifungal potentiality against many tested fungi. Polyketide synthase (PKS I) and NRPS genes amplification were showed 10 and 4 of endophytic isolates detected harboring PKS type I and NRPS genes, respectively. In general, high frequencies of positive PCR amplification were obtained for PKS I (43.47%). Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, morphological, physiological and biochemical showed that the isolates were identified as a member of genus Bacillus and Brevibacillus.Conclusion: These results indicated that the endophytic bacteria from java ginseng could be used as an alternative source of antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Biosynthetic Potential of Phylogenetically Unique Endophytic Actinomycetes from Tropical Plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (13) ◽  
pp. 4377-4386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey E. Janso ◽  
Guy T. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tropical Plants ◽  
Endophytic Actinomycetes ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Peptide Synthetase

ABSTRACT The culturable diversity of endophytic actinomycetes associated with tropical, native plants is essentially unexplored. In this study, 123 endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from tropical plants collected from several locations in Papua New Guinea and Mborokua Island, Solomon Islands. Isolates were found to be prevalent in roots but uncommon in leaves. Initially, isolates were dereplicated to the strain level by ribotyping. Subsequent characterization of 105 unique strains by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that 17 different genera were represented, and rare genera, such as Sphaerisporangium and Planotetraspora, which have never been previously reported to be endophytic, were quite prevalent. Phylogenetic analyses grouped many of the strains into clades distinct from known genera within Thermomonosporaceae and Micromonosporaceae, indicating that they may be unique genera. Bioactivity testing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) profiling of crude fermentation extracts were performed on 91 strains. About 60% of the extracts exhibited bioactivity or displayed LC-MS profiles with spectra indicative of secondary metabolites. The biosynthetic potential of 29 nonproductive strains was further investigated by the detection of putative polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) genes. Despite their lack of detectable secondary metabolite production in fermentation, most were positive for type I (66%) and type II (79%) PKS genes, and all were positive for NRPS genes. These results suggest that tropical plants from New Guinea and the adjacent archipelago are hosts to unique endophytic actinomycetes that possess significant biosynthetic potential.

scholarly journals Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Yonghong Liu ◽  
Yin Huang ◽  
Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Isolation Effect ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens

Endophytes associated with halophytes may contribute to the host’s adaptation to adverse environmental conditions through improving their stress tolerance and protecting them from various soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria associated with halophytic samples growing on the shore of the western Aral Sea in Uzbekistan were investigated. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the nine halophytic samples by using the culture-dependent method and identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The screening of endophytic bacterial isolates with the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi was completed by the plate confrontation method. A total of 289 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the nine halophytes, and they belong to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The predominant genera of the isolated endophytic bacteria were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces, accounting for 38.5%, 24.7%, and 12.5% of the total number of isolates, respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that the isolation effect was better for the sample S8, with the highest diversity and richness indices. The diversity index of the sample S7 was the lowest, while the richness index of samples S5 and S6 was the lowest. By comparing the isolation effect of 12 different media, it was found that the M7 medium had the best performance for isolating endophytic bacteria associated with halophytes in the western Aral Sea Basin. In addition, the results showed that only a few isolates have the ability to produce ex-enzymes, and eight and four endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited significant inhibition to the growth of Valsa mali and Verticillium dahlia, respectively. The results of this study indicated that halophytes are an important source for the selection of microbes that may protect plant from soil-borne pathogens.

scholarly journals ASAI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DARI KACANG TANAH DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Sclerotium sp. PADA KECAMBAH KACANG TANAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
Lisa Novita Arios ◽  
Dwi Suryanto . ◽  
Kiki Nurtjahja . ◽  
Erman Munir .
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Assay on ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from peanut to inhibit Sclerotium sp. growth in peanut seedlings.   A study on assay of ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit Sclerotium sp. in peanut seedling has been done. The bacteria were isolated from peanut healthy plants, while Sclerotium sp. was isolated from infected peanaut plant. Antagonistic assay was conducted by dual culture method.  In vivo assay of inhibiting Sclerotium sp. was conducted by dipping peanut seed in bacterial solution, and planting the seed in soil:compost (3:1) growing media. Six endophytic bacterial isolates showed to inhibit the growth of Sclerotium sp. in vitro. LN1 seemed to inhibit more of Sclerotium sp., while LN5 showed to inhibit less. Two potential isolates LN1 of gram-negative and LN2 of gram-positive using for further study showed to decrease more of dumping off. It also seemed that the isolates increased the seedling height, number of leaves, and dry weight.

scholarly journals Classification and characterization of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from cinnamomum cassia presl

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Hanh Nguyen ◽  
Chu Ky Son ◽  
Phi Quyet Tien
Keyword(s):  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Endophytic Actinomycetes ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia ◽  
Antibiotic Synthesis ◽  
Medical Plants ◽  
Cinnamomum Cassia Presl

Currently, antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a significant clinical problem with the increase of deseases and a serious public health concern. Thus, the identification of new antimicrobial agents, especially the secondary metabolites products by endophytic actinobacteria from medical plants could be promising sources of biologically active compounds in medical fields. This study focused on identification and evaluation of antimicrobial activity against pathogens; genes involved in their secondary metabolisms, and screening of anthracycline producing capacity (mainly presented in anti-cancer antibiotics) of YBQ75 isolated from Cinnamomum cassia Presl. plants in Yen Bai province. Based on manual of bacterial classification, method in International Streptomyces Project (ISP) and the 16S rRNA gene sequence (GenBank Acc. No. KR814822), the endophytic actinomycetes YBQ75 was named Streptomyces cavourensis YBQ75 with 100% identity. The strain S. cavourensis YBQ75 showed the remarkable antibacterial activities against 5 tested pathogens (Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028 (22.0 mm); Pseudomonas aeruginosa CNLM (19.3 mm); Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 (19.3 mm); Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 (17.7 mm) and Proteus vulgaris CNLM (16.3 mm)) in the total of 9 tested pathogens. The detection of genes involved in antibiotic synthesis indicated that the strain S. cavourensis YBQ75 consists of all three genes related to antibiotic synthesis including polyketide synthase (pks-I) type I, polyketide synthase type II (pks-II) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps). Premarilly result showed that the strain S. cavourensis YBQ75 also present as an anthracycline productive actinomycetes. The resutls demonstrated that the endophytic actinomycetes S. cavourensis YBQ75 from medical plants could be promising sources for the production of antibiotics and anthracycline anticancer compounds.

scholarly journals KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT TANAMAN SEMANGKA DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT BERCAK DAUN YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH JAMUR COLLETOTRICHUM SP.

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
Eryna Elfasari Rangkuti ◽  
Dwi Suryanto ◽  
Kiki Nurtjahja ◽  
Erman Munir
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Spot Disease

Ability of watermelon endophytic bacteria to suppress development of leaf spot disease caused by Colletotrichum sp.  A studi on assay of endophytic bacteria to control Colletotrichum sp., causal agent of leaf spot disease on watermelon, was conducted. Colletotrichum sp. was isolated from infected leaf of leaf spot disease, while endophytic bacteria were isolated from stem, leaf, and root of watermelon healthy plant. Antagonistic assay was conducted by dual culture method. Hyphal abnormalities as a result of antagonistic assay was observed using light microscope. To determine the ability of endophytic bacterial isolates to control leaf spot disease, watermelon seeds were treated by dipping the seed in endophytic bacterial suspension. Seven endophytic bacterial isolates showed to inhibit Colletotrichum sp. to some extent. Two isolates DS 01 and BS 01 showed relatively high inhibition zone compared to others, therefore were choosen for further study. Abnormal hyphae such as broken, lysis, twisted, curled, and swollen hyphae were recorded as the result of antagonistic assay. Watermelon seed treatment revealed that dipping the seed in endophytic bacterial suspension of DS 01 and BS 01 reduced leaf spot disease to 12 and 24%, but inhibited seed growth by 12% and 44%, respectively. It seemed that all treatments showed to reduce seedling performance i.e seedling height, leaf number, and dry weight, compared to that of (-) control. DS 01 however seemed to increase dry weight of watermelon plants.

scholarly journals Diversity and biological activity of culturable endophytic bacteria associated with marigold (Calendula officinalis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-353
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Shurigin ◽  
◽  
Burak Alaylar ◽  
Kakhramon Davranov ◽  
Stephan Wirth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens

<abstract> <p>Endophytes colonizing plant tissue play an essential role in plant growth, development, stress tolerance and plant protection from soil-borne diseases. In this study, we report the diversity of cultivable endophytic bacteria associated with marigold (<italic>Calendula officinalis</italic> L.) by using 16S rRNA gene analysis and their plant beneficial properties. A total of 42 bacterial isolates were obtained from plant tissues of marigold. They belonged to the genera <italic>Pantoea, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Xanthomonas, Rathayibacter, Agrobacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas</italic>, and <italic>Beijerinckia</italic>. Among the bacterial strains, <italic>P. kilonensis</italic> FRT12, and <italic>P. rhizosphaerae</italic> FST5 showed moderate or vigorous inhibition against three tested plant pathogenic fungi, <italic>F. culmorum, F. solani</italic> and <italic>R. solani</italic>. They also demonstrated the capability to produce hydrolytic enzymes and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Five out of 16 isolates significantly stimulated shoot and root growth of marigold in a pot experiment. The present study reveals that more than half of the bacterial isolates associated with marigold (<italic>C. officinalis</italic> L.) provided antifungal activity against one or more plant pathogenic fungi. Our findings suggest that medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity could be a source for selecting microbes with antagonistic activity against fungal plant pathogens or with plant growth stimulating potential. These isolates might be considered as promising candidates for the improvement of plant health.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals In Silico Analysis of PKS and NRPS Gene Clusters in Arisostatin- and Kosinostatin-Producers and Description of Micromonospora okii sp. nov.

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1447
Author(s):  
Hisayuki Komaki ◽  
Natsuko Ichikawa ◽  
Akira Hosoyama ◽  
Moriyuki Hamada ◽  
Yasuhiro Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene

Micromonospora sp. TP-A0316 and Micromonospora sp. TP-A0468 are producers of arisostatin and kosinostatin, respectively. Micromonospora sp. TP-A0316 showed a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 100% to Micromonosporaoryzae CP2R9-1T whereas Micromonospora sp. TP-A0468 showed a 99.3% similarity to Micromonospora haikouensis 232617T. A phylogenetic analysis based on gyrB sequences suggested that Micromonospora sp. TP-A0316 is closely related to Micromonospora oryzae whereas Micromonospora TP-A0468 is an independent genomospecies. As Micromonospora sp. TP-A0468 showed some phenotypic differences to its closely related species, it was classified as a novel species, for which the name Micromonospora okii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TP-A0468T (= NBRC 110461T). Micromonospora sp. TP-A0316 and M. okii TP-A0468T were both found to harbor 15 gene clusters for secondary metabolites such as polyketides and nonribosomal peptides in their genomes. Arisostatin-biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of Micromonospora sp. TP-A0316 closely resembled tetrocarcin A-BGC of Micromonospora chalcea NRRL 11289. A large type-I polyketide synthase gene cluster was present in each genome of Micromonospora sp. TP-A0316 and M. okii TP-A0468T. It was an ortholog of quinolidomicin-BGC of M. chalcea AK-AN57 and widely distributed in the genus Micromonospora.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Rhizobacteria Isolated from Citrus Rhizosphere for Biological Control of Citrus Dry Root Rot

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Said Ezrari ◽  
Oumayma Mhidra ◽  
Nabil Radouane ◽  
Abdessalem Tahiri ◽  
Giancarlo Polizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Citrus trees face threats from several diseases that affect its production, in particular dry root rot (DRR). DRR is a multifactorial disease mainly attributed to Neocosmospora (Fusarium) solani and other several species of Neocosmospora and Fusarium spp. Nowadays, biological control holds a promising control strategy that showed its great potential as a reliable eco-friendly method for managing DRR disease. In the present study, antagonist rhizobacteria isolates were screened based on in vitro dual culture bioassay with N. solani. Out of 210 bacterial isolates collected from citrus rhizosphere, twenty isolates were selected and identified to the species level based on the 16S rRNA gene. Molecular identification based on 16S rRNA gene revealed nine species belonging to Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, and Sphingobacterium genus. In addition, their possible mechanisms involved in biocontrol and plant growth promoting traits were also investigated. Results showed that pectinase, cellulose, and chitinase were produced by eighteen, sixteen, and eight bacterial isolates, respectively. All twenty isolates were able to produce amylase and protease, only four isolates produced hydrogen cyanide, fourteen isolates have solubilized tricalcium phosphate, and ten had the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Surprisingly, antagonist bacteria differed substantially in their ability to produce antimicrobial substances such as bacillomycin (five isolates), iturin (ten isolates), fengycin (six isolates), surfactin (fourteen isolates), and bacteriocin (subtilosin A (six isolates)). Regarding the PGPR capabilities, an increase in the growth of the bacterial treated canola plants, used as a model plant, was observed. Interestingly, both bacterial isolates Bacillus subtilis K4-4 and GH3-8 appear to be more promising as biocontrol agents, since they completely suppressed the disease in greenhouse trials. Moreover, these antagonist bacteria could be used as bio-fertilizer for sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Discovery of Novel Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Diversity From a Soil Metagenomic Library

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alinne L. R. Santana-Pereira ◽  
Megan Sandoval-Powers ◽  
Scott Monsma ◽  
Jinglie Zhou ◽  
Scott R. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Product ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Metagenomic Library ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Type I ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Natural Product Discovery

Soil microorganisms historically have been a rich resource for natural product discovery, yet the majority of these microbes remain uncultivated and their biosynthetic capacity is left underexplored. To identify the biosynthetic potential of soil microorganisms using a culture-independent approach, we constructed a large-insert metagenomic library in Escherichia coli from a topsoil sampled from the Cullars Rotation (Auburn, AL, United States), a long-term crop rotation experiment. Library clones were screened for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) using either PCR or a NGS (next generation sequencing) multiplexed pooling strategy, coupled with bioinformatic analysis to identify contigs associated with each metagenomic clone. A total of 1,015 BGCs were detected from 19,200 clones, identifying 223 clones (1.2%) that carry a polyketide synthase (PKS) and/or a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) cluster, a dramatically improved hit rate compared to PCR screening that targeted type I polyketide ketosynthase (KS) domains. The NRPS and PKS clusters identified by NGS were distinct from known BGCs in the MIBiG database or those PKS clusters identified by PCR. Likewise, 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained by NGS of the library included many representatives that were not recovered by PCR, in concordance with the same bias observed in KS amplicon screening. This study provides novel resources for natural product discovery and circumvents amplification bias to allow annotation of a soil metagenomic library for a more complete picture of its functional and phylogenetic diversity.

scholarly journals Bioprospection and genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria associated with cassava plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA CAMILA DE BARROS SILVA LEITE ◽  
ARTHUR PRUDÊNCIO DE ARAUJO PEREIRA ◽  
ADIJAILTON JOSÉ DE SOUZA ◽  
FERNANDO DINI ANDREOTE ◽  
FERNANDO JOSÉ FREIRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Cassava Plant ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
Sanger Method

ABSTRACT Cassava is mostly planted in sandy soils which are usually of low fertility, thereby making it necessary to perform beneficial associations with microorganisms that can promote their growth. In this perspective, the possibility of selecting bacterial isolates efficient in promoting the growth of the culture is evident, which can provide subsidies for future inoculants. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, select and evaluate the genetic diversity of endophytic bacteria in roots and stems of cassava grown in Garanhuns - PE, with features involved in promoting plant growth. The isolation was performed on culture medium semisolid LGI-P. The selected isolates were evaluated for the potential to fix N2, as the ability to produce indole acetic acid, for their ability to solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce exopolysaccharides. Some bacterial isolates had their 16S rRNA gene sequenced by the Sanger method. A total of 52 endophytic bacteria isolates were obtained from cassava. Regarding the potential to fix N2, 15% of the isolates were positive. As for the production of IAA, 78% of the isolates produced this phytohormone in a medium with increased L-tryptophan. Approximately 31% of the isolates were able to solubilize inorganic phosphate and 60% had exopolysaccharide. The identification of 19 isolates allowed the grouping into six bacterial genera, namely: Achromobacter, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Pantoea and Pseudomonas. Cassava plants grown in Garanhuns - PE present interaction with different groups of endophytic bacteria and there are bacterial groups with several characteristics involved in promoting plant growth.

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