Evwie (Kola Nut) and its socio-religious values among Idjerhe people of Nigeria PEOPLE OF NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Peter O. O. Ottuh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Edible Fruit ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Participatory Observation

The popular edible fruit called kola nut that is found all over the Earth is native to the people of West Africa. In Idjerhe (Jesse) culture, the kola nut is part of the people’s traditional religious activities and spirituality. The presentation, breaking, and eating of the kola nut signifies hospitality, friendship, love, mutual trust, manliness, peace, acceptance, happiness, fellowship, and communion with the gods and spirits. These socio-religious values of the kola nut among the Idjerhe people are not well documented,however, and this paper aims to fill the lacuna. It employs participatory observation and oral interviews, supported by a critical review of scholarly literature on the subject. The research posits that churches can use the kola nut as a Eucharistic element that would be meaningful and indigenous to the Idjerhe people.

The Development and Formation of International Law

1912 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Nys
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Reason ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Civil Laws

“Law in general,” says Montesquieu, “is human reason so far as it controls all the people of the earth, and the political and civil laws of each nation can only be considered as individual cases in which this human reason is applied.” Reason was held by the Romans to constitute one of the fundamental elements of law. Cicero announced the existence of “a veritable law, true reason (recta ratio), in conformity with nature, universal, immutable and eternal, the commands of which constitute a call to duty and the prohibitions of which avert evil.”It is at present unnecessary to consider what influence the Stoic, Academic and Epicurean doctrines had on Roman jurisprudence, and it would be risky to support as absolutely final any view which might be expressed on the subject. During the last phases of the Republic there had already come to exist in the world’s capital a fusion of the different schools of philosophy; and traces of the Platonic teachings constantly appear in the expression of the great orator’s lofty thought.

scholarly journals THE INTERNALIZATION OF ISLAMIC VALUES IN GUIDING STUDENTS’ MORALITY THROUGH THE SUBJECTS OF AQEEDA AKHLAQ AT MADRASAH ALIYAH AL IKHSAN JOMBANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naily Rahma
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Islamic Values

Keywords: Islamic Values, Morals guidance, Internalization The formulation of the problem in this research are, firstly, how is the implementation of internalization of Islamic values in guiding students morality through the subjects Aqeeda Akhlaq at Madrasah Aliyah Al Ikhsan Jombang? Second, what are the supporting and inhibiting factors of the internalization of Islamic values in guiding students’ morality through the subjects Aqeeda Akhlaq at Madrasah Aliyah Al Ikhsan Jombang? Third, how is the efforts made by teachers in Madrasah Aliyah Al Ikhsan Jombang in overcoming the obstacles of the internalization of Islamic values in guiding students morality through the subject of Aqeeda Akhlaq?Qualitative approach is used in this research. Data are collected through observation, interview and documentation. The data is analyzed using descriptive analysis which described "what is" about a variable, symptom or state.Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that, first, the implementation of the internalization of Islamic values in guiding students morality through the subjects Aqeeda Akhlaq in the madrasah was shown by the existence of religious activities that must be implemented/ obeyed by all the students in the madrasah, whether it is in the form of Mahdhoh and Ghoiru Mahdhoh. Second, the supporting factors in the implementation of internalization of Islamic values in guiding students morality through the subjects Aqeeda Akhlaq in this madrasah consists of internal and external factors that exist in the child himself. Meanwhile, the factors that hinder the implementation of the internalization of Islamic religious values in guiding students morality through the subjects Aqeeda Akhlaq in this madrasah is generally a constraint that come from students who had many problems which is difficult to set up, lazy to perform the task and so on. Other factor is families relying solely on education and guidance provided by the school, and problems BP teachers who had not been able to handle the problems that were done by students. Third, in overcoming the obstacles of internalization of Islamic religious values in guiding students morality through the subjects Aqeeda Akhlaq, efforts made by principals and teachers are: (1) giving more attention to troubled children, (2) giving understanding gradually, (3) providing a fair affection among students.

scholarly journals MANAKAR KAFÂ`AH DALAM PRAKTIK PERKAWINAN KYAI DI MADURA

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-255
Author(s):  
Syukron Mahbub Syukron Mahbub
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Close Family ◽  
Participatory Observation

Abstrak: Kajian ini difokuskan pada persoalan, secara garis besar, bagaimana pandangan kyai tentang kafâ`ah dan praktiknya dalam perkawinan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif karena subjek yang diteliti memerlukan pengamatan secara utuh dan menyeluruh tentang kondisi yang sebenarnya. Data dalam  kajian ini diperoleh melalui observasi partisipan, dan wawancara mendalam. Kajian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa kyai melakukan perkawinan antar keluarga dekat dan kerabat yang berasal dari keluarga kyai juga. Mereka menghindari terjadinya perkawinan dengan kerabat lain yang berasal dari keluarga non kyai. Dalam kaitannya dengan sikap perkawinan kyai ini, ditemukan dua tipe kyai yang berbeda yaitu: Pertama, tipe  kyai fanatik keturunan; kedua, tipe kyai fleksibel dalam memberikan keputusan. Kyai fanatik keturunan menjadikan faktor keturunan sebagai alasan pertama dan utama dalam memilih pendamping hidup bagi anak-anaknya. dalam mengambil langkah tindakannya kyai fanatik keturunan ini setidaknya dipengaruhi oleh dua hal. Pertama, adanya wasiat nenek moyang yang diikuti oleh generasi berikutnya. Kedua, adanya usaha untuk menjaga kemurnian keturunan. Sedangkan kyai fleksibel tidak begitu  fanatik terhadap keturunan dalam mengambil keputusan. Dalam masalah kafâ’ah, selain faktor keturunan, mereka juga mempertimbangkan faktor yang lain, seperti faktor kekayaan, nilai agama yang kuat serta kecakapan ilmu pengetahuan.   Abstract: This study was designed to examine the view of kyai toward kafâ`ah and its practice in marriage. Qualitative approach has been used to collect intact and whole data from the subject by using the instruments of participatory observation and in-depth interview. It was found that kyai performs a marriage with the close family members and among relatives. They avoid a marriage with a family of different lineage particularly non-kyai family.  From the perspective of this marriage attitude, it could be catagorized two types of kyai. Firstly, is a kyai which is offspring fanatic, and secondly, a kyai which is flexible in giving decision. The former is influenced by two factors---firstly, ancestor will and second, the attempts to keep the family chasity. The later is not adhering strictly to the family genuinity. Kafâ`ah also takes a consideration on other factors such as opulence, the firm religious values, and knowledge proficiency.   Kata-kata Kunci: Kyai, kafâ`ah, Madura, dan perkawinan

scholarly journals Kehidupan Masyarakat Multi Agama Desa Bulurejo Purwoharjo Banyuwangi dalam Membangun Kerukunan Hidup Antar Umat Beragama

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Harjianto Harjianto ◽  
Intan Daurotus Mukaromah ◽  
Bayu Indra Permana
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village

Religious harmony is a dynamic pillar of national harmony that must be maintained from time to time. Bulurejo village is a unique village because here there are many differences but they can live in harmony and side by side. In the village of Bulurejo the people are multi-religious, namely Islam, Hinduism, Christianity, Catholicism and Budha who live side by side and blend into one. The diversity that exists is one of the main advantages of the Village of Bulurejo. The aim of this research is to find out the life of the people in the village of Bulurejo in building harmony between religions, as well as knowing the forms of activities that describe the harmony of the religious community in the village of Bulurejo. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, with a phenomenological approach to the subject of village governance, religious leaders, and community leaders. The results of this study are the Bulurejo Village is a multi-religious village that has a diversity of religions and cultures. Bulurejo village has a religious harmony which can be said to be very good. This is indicated by togetherness in everyday life and doing various forms of activities carried out together including 1). Interfaith meetings conducted every three months; 2) Village cleaning activities are followed by all community members: 3). Religious activities in the implementation involve other people such as religious activities of Muslims, Hindus, Christians,Catholics, and Buddhist:  4). Activities commemorating the Republic of Indonesia Anniversary.

Dean Chapman's Contributions to Tektite Science

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Norwick
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Glass Spheres ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Impact Theory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lunar Impact ◽  
Present Understanding

Dean Roden Chapman (1922-1995), an engineer and scientist at NASA Ames Research Center, was one of the founders of astronautics (rocket science). He used his laboratory to produce objects that are very similar to Australian tektites. There were two major questions about tektites in his day: did they come for the Earth or the Moon? And were they caused by meteor impacts or volcanic eruptions? Chapman came to believe that tektites were caused by meteor impacts on the Moon. He made many contributions to our understanding of tektites and was also one of the people who helped NASA get to the Moon. One percent of the Moon was covered with little glass spheres, but they are quite different from the tektites known on the Earth. The data from the Moon rocks was largely incompatible with the theory that terrestrial tektites are derived from the Moon. Chapman stopped publishing papers about tektites, but he remained interested in the subject for the rest of his life and believed that in the long run the lunar impact theory might become dominant again as new data was returned from the Moon. From our present understanding of tektites and the Moon, Chapman failed because he privileged the facts that he generated himself in his laboratory. He was not prepared to study the messy complexity of natural products. He was misled by the meteorite science traditions used in tektite science. He did not use appropriate statistical procedures, and because he was such a famous scientist in his own field the editors of two major journals in which he published did not properly assist him when he was working outside his area of major competence.

The Missing Ethics of Mining

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shefa Siegel
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Mining Town ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Disaster Area ◽  
The People

In the middle of the 1980s the pastoralists of Essakane, Burkina Faso, were dying. Drought gripped the drylands of West Africa, crippling peoples' semi-nomadic livelihoods of millet farming and goat herding. When rain finally returned after three years, the earth had hardened like concrete and water skimmed across the floodplain, barely penetrating the surface. Without arable land the people faced famine—until they discovered gold. Instead of a disaster area, Essakane transformed into a commercial oasis: a mining town of 10,000 miners and traders where gold is processed and exchanged for food, cloth, spices, and animals.

The Civil Justice Reform Debate

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
Francis Kofi Korankye-Sakyi
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Civil Justice ◽  
The People ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Civil Justice System ◽  
The Way ◽  
Reform Debate

Civil justice comprises the entire system of the administration of justice in civil matters. One significant discourse concerning the civil justice system in the last three decades is reform. This is due to various controversies around the subject resulting in crises. African approaches to civil justice jurisprudence encompass a variety of theoretical and normative elements that shape the way Africans conceive justice delivery. Over the years of the reform debate, not enough light has been shed on this to explain the existence of such perspective. It is argued that the African position to civil justice in the current reforms debate must not be pinned to just the doctrinal option imbedded in statutes but also be based on methods and procedures nurtured on the soil of Africa that align with the practical needs of the people encompassing social, political, cultural, and religious values. The chapter concludes that the African system of justice delivery is largely mirrored in the Ghanaian experience to justice system in civil jurisprudence.

scholarly journals Toyin Falola and Akintunde Akinyemi (Eds). Encyclopedia of the Yoruba. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2016. 371pp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Odugbemi
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Africa ◽  
African Diaspora ◽  
Indiana University ◽  
The People ◽  
Academic Researchers ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Sociocultural Experiences ◽  
Detailed Presentation

Encyclopedia of the Yoruba is a single-volume encyclopedia that is comprised of 285 entries of short essays written by 188 authors who are predominantly scholars and academic researchers from Africa, Europe and North America. The different word-ranges of the essays vary from 1000 words (for 78 entries) to 750 words (for 88 entries) and 500 words (for 119 entries). Across these entries, the encyclopedia gives a complex, yet detailed, presentation of the Yorùbá, a dominant ethnic group in West Africa and the most prominent African cultural population, identity and presence in the African diaspora including North America, the Caribbean and South America. It presents the Yorùbá with respect to their involvements in, and interactions with, different sociocultural experiences, practices and expressions by “emphasizing the peculiarities, features, and commonalities of the people” (xi). Following an alphabetical ordering, each entry in the encyclopedia is complete on its own as it examines and discusses a subject, subject matter, concept or topic that shares an affiliation with the Yorùbá world in time (the traditional past in all its distant and intricate temporal dimensions and the modern present in all its complex interrelations) and/or space (Yoruba homes across West Africa and the African diaspora. Such concentrations of the entry include persons/personalities, demographics, worldviews and cosmological values and elements, and several material and non-material aspects of the Yorùbá culture and folklore, and their corresponding affiliates. It is important to add that the completeness of the entries is considerably informed by the suitability of the word-ranges used. It is commendable that 358 Ibrahim A. Odugbemi the editors are able to determine the word-range that fits the discourse of every entry and the authors are also able to conform. By writing across the various word-limits, the authors have been able to give adequate information about their subjects of discussion. Each word-limit is moderate enough to convey the basic information on the subject or topic of every entry.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEMS OF ANTHEISM IN M. STELMAKH’S NOVEL «BREAD AND SALT»

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Sanivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The People ◽  
Native Nature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mother Earth ◽  
Living Being

The article considers the content of the concept of «antheism» and based on the analysis of the text of the novel «Bread and Salt» by Mykhailo Stelmakh singles out its components, rooted in the minds of Ukrainians: the sacredness of the land; rootedness of Ukrainians in their native land; cost of the land; land as a living being; love for work on the land, and, at the same time, cruelty of the land and difficulty of work. In the article we start from the definition of the content of the concept of «antheism» by O. Shevel as an important feature of the mentality of Ukrainian philosophical worldview, based on the deep emotionality of Ukrainians, attitude to native nature, reflected in the material and spiritual culture of Ukraine. It was found that the selected components of the concept of «antheism» are embodied in the work as follows: the sacredness of the earth ( nursing earth, Mother Earth, Earth as a gift or God’s creation, a combination of the most important categories of being Home – Field – Temple and Faith – Hope – Love); rootedness of Ukrainians in their home ground (the land became part of people; people can give birth to bread); the value of land (in the work land is the highest value, it is more expensive than human life); earth as a living being (earth-woman, earth’s breast as mother’s breast, soothing human pain); love for work on the land (they taught to work on the land from an early age, work on it is the center of the child’s dream), and at the same time cruelty of the land and hard work (hard work that exhausted the farmer, destroyed his health, drained strength, and sometimes even killed). For Ukrainians, earth is manifested in all spheres of their lives from sacred to household. It includes a number of attributive elements: the cult of the earth, the magic of the word, the magic of the subject – everything that makes up the worldview of Ukrainians, the system of their values, everything that is embodied in the folklore and traditional culture of the people.

scholarly journals Sistem Pembelajaran di Pesantren Kebon Jambu al-Islami Babakan Ciwaringin Cirebon

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Ratu Suntiah ◽  
H Maslani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
The People ◽  
Purpose Of Education ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Subject

This research departs from the view that education is an effort to preserve, transfer and transform values in all its aspects. In the context of improving education in pesantren institutions there needs to be developed. This study applies qualitative research methods. Therefore, the source of the data and the type of data determined by the researcher himself as the center of information and are purposive as long as they are considered representative. The researcher participated with the teachers and students in the implementation of educational learning at the Kebon Jambu al-Islami Islamic Boarding School in Ciwaringin Cirebon. The results showed that the background of the establishment of the Kebon Jambu al-Islami Islamic Boarding School in Ciwaringin Cirebon was due to the demands of the people who needed guidance to understand and practice Islamic teachings. The purpose of education is to form an intellectual cadre of ulama and asatidz. The subject matter taught is in the form of salaf and Khalaf books. The learning process consists of scheduled teaching and religious activities. Supporting factors for the implementation of activities are wise and sincere Kiai, many asatidz levels of education that have scholars, strategic geographical location, support of alumni.

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