scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis of Selected Indigenous Medicinal Plants in Quirino Province, Cagayan Valley, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1382-1386
Author(s):  
Annalene Grace E. Co
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Medicinal plants have bioactive components which are used for curing various human diseases. They also play an essential role in healing. Fresh fruits and leaves of collected plant samples were used following standard solvent extraction protocol and qualitative analysis to detect secondary plant metabolites. The ethanolic extracts of eight indigenous medicinal plants of Quirino Province, Cagayan Valley, Philippines, were subjected to phytochemical analysis. Results confirmed alkaloids, saponins, phytosterols, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in specific extracts. The inferences of the findings are discussed in light of the role of indigenous plants in the traditional medicinal system.

scholarly journals Antitoxic, Antifungal and Phytochemical Analysis of Medicinal Compounds of Guiera senegalensis Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Z.M. Anka ◽  
Vijender Singh ◽  
S.N. Gimba ◽  
Gunjan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Desert Area ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
The World ◽  
Guiera Senegalensis

Millions of people in the world depend on traditional medicinal plants for treatment of many diseases.  They have curative properties due to presence of various complex chemical substances of different composition, which are found as secondary plant metabolites in one or more parts of these plants. These plant metabolites according to their composition are grouped as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins etc. Guiera senegalensis(Gs), which grows in abundance in semi-desert area of Western Africa such as Nigeria, has been used for treating specific diseases and wounds. The study is carried out to investigate the phytochemical analysis, toxicity, and the antifungal activity of Gs leaves extract. Keywords: Guiera senegalensis, Antifungal activity, Brine shrimp, toxicity, phytochemical analysis;

scholarly journals Bioactive Plant Compounds in Coffee Charcoal (Coffeae carbo) Extract Inhibit Cytokine Release from Activated Human THP-1 Macrophages

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weber ◽  
Hammoud Mahdi ◽  
Jankuhn ◽  
Lipowicz ◽  
Vissiennon
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant

The herbal preparation coffee charcoal is produced by over-roasting and milling green dried Coffea arabica L. seeds, and has a long-standing tradition in the treatment of inflammatory and gastrointestinal disorders. Its therapeutic properties are commonly attributed to adsorptive and astringent effects. This insufficiently explains its mode of action, especially when used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in lower dosages. Our investigations aimed to identify bioactive secondary plant metabolites affecting cytokine-signaling. Thus, a phytochemical analysis of coffee charcoal extract was conducted using HPLC and LC/MS. Trigonelline, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeine, cryptochlorogenic acid, feruloylquinic acid isomers, and a caffeoylquinolacton were identified in the extract. Subsequently, the effects of coffee charcoal extract, chlorogenic acid isomers, their metabolite caffeic acid, caffeine, and trigonelline on cytokine (TNF, IL-6, MCP-1) release from LPS-challenged human THP-1 macrophages were examined to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. Coffee charcoal showed concentration-dependent mild-to-medium inhibitory effects. The chlorogenic acid isomers and caffeic acid inhibited the TNF release, with cryptochlorogenic acid exerting the most distinct effects, as well as decreasing the release of IL-6 and MCP-1. In addition, scanning electron microscopic images provided an impression of the particle constitution, indicating a larger particle size and less structured surface of coffee charcoal in comparison to activated charcoal. In conclusion, our findings underline that beyond adsorptive effects, coffee charcoal exhibits pharmacological properties, which derive from a spectrum of secondary plant metabolites and support the therapeutic use in inflammatory diseases. Chlorogenic acids, particularly cryptochlorogenic acid, appear as pivotal bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Advanced Analytical Methods for Phenolics in Fruits

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesibe Ebru Kafkas ◽  
Müberra Kosar ◽  
Ayşe Tülin Öz ◽  
Alyson E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Extraction Separation ◽  
Health Promoting

Phenolic compounds are a group of secondary plant metabolites, many with health-promoting properties that are present in all parts of plants. They have an aromatic structure, including either one or more hydroxyl groups giving them the ability to stabilize free radicals and protect biological tissues against damage related to reactive oxygen species. Phenolic compounds are concentrated in the fruit of plants, and therefore, the fruit can be an important dietary source of these phytochemicals, which exist as monomers, or bound to one another. Polyphenolic compounds are classified into different subclasses based upon the number of phenol ring systems that they contain, saturation, and length of the carbon chain that bind the rings to one another. The phenolic acids present in fruit tissues protect the plant against disease, infections, UV radiation, and insect damage. For this reason, the beneficiary effects of phenolic compounds are continually being investigated for their health-promoting properties and for meeting increased consumer demand for healthy nutritious food. Due to the functional properties of polyphenolic compounds, there is increased interest on improving extraction, separation, and quantification techniques of these valuable bioactive compounds, so they can be used as value-added ingredients in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. This review provides information on the most advanced methods available for the analysis of phenolics in fruits.

scholarly journals Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Selected Species of Medicinal Plants

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sandeep Waghulde ◽  
Mohan K. Kale ◽  
VijayR. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Annona Reticulata

The present study was conducted to test for in vivo Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) of the Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisum and Brassica oleraceaeand correlate cytotoxicity results with known pharmacological activities of the plants. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration). Ten nauplii were added into three replicates of each concentration of the plant extract. After 24 h the surviving brine shrimp larvae were counted and LC50 was assessed. Results showed that the extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisumand Brassica oleraceaewere potent against the brine shrimp when compared alone with combined extracts. It indicated that bioactive components are present in these plants that could be accounted for its pharmacological effects. Thus, the results support the uses of these plant species in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Influence of Cooking Process on Phenolic Marker Compounds of Vegetables

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andlauer ◽  
Stumpf ◽  
Hubert ◽  
Rings ◽  
Fürst
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Water Volumes

Phenolic compounds are secondary plant metabolites which have long been associated with flavor and color characteristics of fruits and vegetables. These phenolic compounds attract great interest due to their postulated health protecting properties. However, adequate intakes and absorption rate of phenolic compounds are necessary for these beneficial effects. Until now, little is known about alterations of phenolic compounds content by the cooking process. In the present study, the influence of different volumes of cooking water on the amount of selected phenolic marker compounds resting in the vegetables was assessed. In zucchini, rutin was quantified as a marker for flavonoid glycosides. Chlorogenic acid, representative of phenolic acids was analyzed in carrots. In beans, rutin and quercitrin, both belonging to flavonoid glycosides, were investigated. In potatoes, chlorogenic and caffeic acid were determined. The cooking of zucchini, beans and carrots with smaller amounts of water resulted in significant higher content of phenolic phytochemicals in the vegetables compared to cooking with larger water volumes. For potatoes, which showed great variations in content of phenolic acids after cooking, no significant differences in phenolic acids was observed. It can be concluded from these observations, that real intakes of phenolic compounds from cooked vegetables are lower and that the amounts consumed are therefore overestimated.

scholarly journals Herbal teas as a rich source of phenolic compounds

Chemija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrīda Augšpole ◽  
Māra Dūma ◽  
Ingmārs Cinkmanis ◽  
Baiba Ozola
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Phenolics Content ◽  
Herbal Infusions ◽  
Calendula Officinalis L

Phenolic compounds are of a considerable interest and have received more and more attention in recent years due to their bioactive functions. These components are known as secondary plant metabolites and also possess antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. The popular Latvian herbals – Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.), Lady’s-mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris L.), Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.), Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) and Bellis (Bellis perennis L.) – are widely used for herbal teas. The objective of this study was to determine individual phenolic compounds in herbal infusions using high-performance liquid chromatography. The obtained results showed significant differences (p ˂ 0.05) of the phenolics content in the analysed herbal teas. The total content of the identified 14 phenolic compounds in Yarrow tea was on the average 136.76 ± 0.8 mg 100 g–1, in Peppermint tea 304.38 ± 10.7 mg 100 g–1, in Lady’s-mantle tea 319.53 ± 12.5 mg 100 g–1, in Calendula tea 586.36 ± 17.6 mg 100 g–1, but in Bellis tea it was 802.96 ± 21.3 mg 100 g–1. The dominant phenolic compound in Peppermint, Lady’s-mantle and Yarrow teas was rutin, but chlorogenic acid in Bellis tea. Calendula tea has an abundant quantity of sinapic acid.

The essential role of hydrogen-bonding interaction in the extractive separation of phenolic compounds by ionic liquid

AIChE Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1657-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiwei Yang ◽  
Huabin Xing ◽  
Baogen Su ◽  
Zongbi Bao ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interaction ◽  
Bonding Interaction ◽  
Extractive Separation

scholarly journals Role of Saponins in Plant Defense Against Specialist Herbivores

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubasher Hussain ◽  
Biswojit Debnath ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Bamisope Steve Bamisile ◽  
Waqar Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Specialist Herbivore ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Specialist Herbivores

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a very destructive crucifer-specialized pest that has resulted in significant crop losses worldwide. DBM is well attracted to glucosinolates (which act as fingerprints and essential for herbivores in host plant recognition) containing crucifers such as wintercress, Barbarea vulgaris (Brassicaceae) despite poor larval survival on it due to high-to-low concentration of saponins and generally to other plants in the genus Barbarea. B. vulgaris build up resistance against DBM and other herbivorous insects using glucosinulates which are used in plant defense. Aside glucosinolates, Barbarea genus also contains triterpenoid saponins, which are toxic to insects and act as feeding deterrents for plant specialist herbivores (such as DBM). Previous studies have found interesting relationship between the host plant and secondary metabolite contents, which indicate that attraction or resistance to specialist herbivore DBM, is due to higher concentrations of glucosinolates and saponins in younger leaves in contrast to the older leaves of Barbarea genus. As a response to this phenomenon, herbivores as DBM has developed a strategy of defense against these plant biochemicals. Because there is a lack of full knowledge in understanding bioactive molecules (such as saponins) role in plant defense against plant herbivores. Thus, in this review, we discuss the role of secondary plant metabolites in plant defense mechanisms against the specialist herbivores. In the future, trials by plant breeders could aim at transferring these bioactive molecules against herbivore to cash crops.

scholarly journals Impact of Betaine Under Salinity on Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Sprouts

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110150
Author(s):  
Nam Su Kim ◽  
Jae Kwang Kim ◽  
Ramaraj Sathasivam ◽  
Hong Woo Park ◽  
Bao Van Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Ionic Stress ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

It has been assumed that abiotic stresses often lead to osmotic and ionic stress in plants either inducing or reducing secondary plant metabolites. Therefore, the influence of NaCl, glycinebetaine (betaine), and NaCl with betaine on the growth and variation in the accumulation of phenolic compounds was investigated in safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.). The growth pattern of safflower sprouts was significantly influenced by these treatments. It was found that with increases in the concentration of NaCl, all growth parameters steadily decreased, but growth was markedly increased by adding different concentrations of betaine, especially at 0.5 mM, which produced the highest growth in terms of different growth parameters. High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis revealed changes in 7 different phenolic compounds in response to different treatments. After treatment with up to 200 mM NaCl, the levels of catechin, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, and kaempferol increased, whereas the levels of the remaining phenolic compounds, especially chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid were reduced. Our results suggest that the growth suppression due to salinity stress is decreased in the sprouts of safflower by adding betaine.

Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Wound Healing Activity from the Leaves of Cocculus hirsutus Diels

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panda Bikash Ranjan ◽  
Mohanta S.R ◽  
Sii S. ◽  
Das G. K.
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Cocculus Hirsutus ◽  
Wound Healing Activity

In qualitative phytochemical analysis of petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves of Cocculus hirsutus Diels, the important secondary plant metabolites detected are Carbohydrates, Steroids, Glycosides, Tannins, Saponins and Flavonoids. The methanol extract and fresh leaves juice are subjected to wound healing activity in incision and excision wound models taking Soframycin sulphate as standard. The results revealed that the methanol extract ointment 10%w/w has highest wound healing potency among the test groups and is comparable with the standard and thus the results offer a scientific support to the treatment of traditional healers of this region.

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