scholarly journals Sustainable EOQ Model with Multi Container Transportation Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-244
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mubin ◽  
Fahmi Syahril ◽  
Tyas Yuli Rosiani
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Container Transportation ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Transportation Problems ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Eoq Model

Industrial developments and environmental problems encourage decision-makers to determine optimal decisions. In addition, transportation is an aspect that has a significant contribution to environmental damage. Therefore, inventory and transportation decisions need to be integrated to minimize environmental problems. This study made an effort to develop a model of Sustainable EOQ with Multi Container Transportation Problems. The optimal procedure was proposed to determine the optimal number of containers in one vehicle. The results suggested that the proposed procedure could minimize the total annual inventory cost compared to the company's current solution.

scholarly journals An Optimization Approach to the Low-Frequency Entire Train Formation at the Loading Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5500
Author(s):  
Lin ◽  
Yang ◽  
Zuo ◽  
Liu ◽  
Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Programming Model ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Using Data

It is well known that the shift of transporting bulk cargo from roads to railways is an important measure to reduce carbon emissions of the overall transportation systems. In order to increase the attractiveness of railway transport, companies usually provide some discounts to the customers with great transport demand so that entire trains can be operated. Since the operation of entire trains can reduce the reclassification times of shipments, the expenses of railway operations can be reduced. However, when the volume of shipment is not sufficient, the door-to-door direct transportation (in the railway industry specifically, “door-to-door” means running trains from supplier’s warehouse to customer’s warehouse) of the entire train often leads to a decrease in the frequency of delivery, which increases the average stock of users, thus increasing the inventory cost of users. Therefore, how to balance the pros and cons of the two is exactly the problem to be studied. In this paper, the optimal operation plan is obtained by minimizing the total cost of the stockholding of suppliers and customers, as well as the transportation costs of an entire train and non-direct train. Based on the classic economic order quantity (EOQ) model, a 0-1 integer programming model with the constraint of the maximum stock level is proposed to solve this problem. And an innovative approach is used to calculate the actual average stock of the customer. Finally, the model is validated and its effectiveness is confirmed using a real-world case, which is carried out using data from the China rail system.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Analysis Methods on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Procedures in the Perspective of Sustainable Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 11003
Author(s):  
Andreas Pramudianto
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
The Impact

Basically each product or service has its own life cycle. Life Cycle Analysis Method can be used to assess the impact of an activity both production and service activities. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) or Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan (AMDAL) is one of the activities that must be fulfilled in order to obtain an environmental permit. EIA activities have a life cycle process that needs to be known and understood so that environmental permits can be obtained. Therefore this study aims to find out the use of the LCA method in EIA procedures. In addition, with the LCA method, EIA activities are expected to be well studied according to the function of this service. LCA can provide to reduce the least impact from environmental damage. This research will be useful for the development of environmental science, especially related to the study of environmental impacts, especially EIA. It is expected that the results of the study will provide a complete picture of the relevance of the LCA method with EIA and the benefits that can be taken. The results of this study will be an important recommendation for decision makers regarding the importance of EIA in development, especially sustainable development through the method used, namely LCA.

scholarly journals Environmental Exigencies and the Efficient Voter Rule

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
David A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Pigouvian Taxes ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Private Incentives ◽  
Manufactured Goods ◽  
Energy Transportation ◽  
Coasian Bargaining ◽  
Voting Mechanism

Externality problems hinder solutions to existential threats, including climate change and mass extinction. To avert environmental crises, policymakers seek mechanisms that align private incentives with societal exigencies. Successful solutions bring individuals to internalize the broad repercussions of their behavior. In some cases, privatization, Coasian bargaining, or Pigouvian taxes effectively place the weight of externalities on the relevant decision makers. Yet, the available remedies often fail to provide satisfactory outcomes, and inefficiencies persist in the markets for energy, transportation, and manufactured goods, among others. This article explains how a simple voting mechanism can achieve socially optimal decisions about many of the innumerable externality problems that remain.

Economic Order Quantity Model for Minimizing Total Inventory Cost at PT PQR in Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1053-1056
Author(s):  
Bachtiar H. Simamora
Keyword(s):  
Economic Order Quantity ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Inventory Costs ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
Total Inventory

The purpose of this research is to see whether an Economic Order Quantity model can be used to reduce cost of inventory significantly in PT PQR, manufacturer of spring and sponge mattresses in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. The research was conducted on three main materials required in producing spring and sponge mattresses. Using Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model to analyze historical demand on main materials, it is proven that with EOQ model the company can save by more than 45% from procuring and inventory costs of those materials. The research continues to forecast the sales demand to get the annual requirement of materials needed in 2014 and calculate the EOQ model again. The results show that, comparing with traditional practice done by company, EOQ model can reduce costs up to 118 million rupiah per year.

scholarly journals Optimum Centralized Portfolio Construction with Decentralized Portfolio Management

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin J. Elton ◽  
Martin J. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Portfolio Management ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Portfolio Construction ◽  
General Will ◽  
Optimal Portfolios ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Portfolio Managers ◽  
Security Information

AbstractMany financial institutions employ outside portfolio managers to manage part or all of their investable assets. It is well recognized that outside portfolio managers are unwilling to share security information with each other or with the centralized decision maker and this in general will lead to sub-optimal portfolios. In this paper, we derive an implementable set of rules under which a central decision maker can make optimal decisions without requiring decentralized decision makers to reveal estimates of security returns. Furthermore, we derive conditions under which these rules hold and when they do not hold.

Legal Instruments for Phosphorus Supply Security

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 343-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Ekardt ◽  
Beatrice Garske ◽  
Jessica Stubenrauch ◽  
Jutta Wieding
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Policy ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Economic Instruments ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Finite Resource ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Policy Incentives

This article will show which legal measures could lead to more sound use of phosphorus, and which might not. From the perspective of natural science, there are varying accounts as to how long phosphorus will still be available. It is, however, undisputed that phosphorus is a finite resource with vital importance to humankind. It is also certain that overusing phosphorus causes environmental damage further increased by permanent application. In this context, the usage of phosphorus from stocks contaminated by heavy metals might increasingly become an issue. Regulatory policy incentives are required towards establishing more sound phosphorus use with increased focus on recycling. So far, phosphorus has involved tentative proclamations rather than legally binding measures. However, classical regulatory measures directed at single actions – the command-and-control approach – will not suffice in addressing resource and environmental problems, as phosphorus problems are more appropriately viewed as quantity problems. Additional economic instruments are needed in order to avoid enforcement deficits, rebound and shifting effects, and to promote recycling while decreasing phosphorus consumption. These economic instruments would also help in addressing several environmental problems regarding land use, resources, biodiversity loss and climate change all at once.

scholarly journals Modelling the Outcomes of International Crises Using Confrontation Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Curry ◽  
Dana Ruggiero ◽  
Phil Sabin ◽  
Michael Young
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Key Aspects

Aim. To explore the professional application of Professor Nigel Howard’s 1998 Confrontation Analysis method of modelling political conflicts. Case Study. The Confrontation Analysis methodology was applied to the design of a political-military (pol-mil) game held at the UK’s Defence Academy in 2011 to examine the future course of the then current Libyan Civil War. Methodology. Confrontation Analysis provides a structured schema to help identify the parties involved in a dispute, highlight the differences in their narratives, find the subsequent dilemmas and attempt to resolve them to move the situation on. This helps provide rigour to analysis, negotiation and decision making as it clearly documents initial policy positions and subsequent changes through the use of cards which summarise each stakeholder’s position at each stage. Value. The methodology, used in conjunction with role-play and multi-player teams, was found to have some utility, not in forecasting detailed outcomes, but in highlighting key aspects of the potential development of the situation. This research concluded that Confrontation Analysis can make a significant contribution to understanding and analyzing international crises as well as assisting in formulating successful national policy. Confrontation Analysis can be also be an invaluable part of a learning process for analysts and key decision makers facing real crises.

scholarly journals Ordering Strategy Analysis of Prefabricated Component Manufacturer in Construction Supply Chain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxiong Yang ◽  
Jacky K. H. Chung ◽  
Yuhong Chen ◽  
Yifan Pan ◽  
Zhiling Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Strategy Analysis ◽  
Individual Fitness ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
The Individual

Firstly, the characteristics and present situations of the prefabricated construction supply chain are analyzed; inventory cost models for construction material of every phase order, one-off order, and fractionated order are built based on traditional EOQ model and construction supply chain theory. Next, the order decision is represented in binary numbers 0 and 1, in which 0 stands for “no order” and 1 for “order.” The analysis uses the genetic algorithm, sets the objective function, and undergoes testing and assessing the individual fitness function, encoding, decoding, crossover, mutation, and selecting parameter. Moreover, inventory cost of construction supply chain is processed and optimized in Matlab. The research establishes a research paradigm on supply chain management of component manufacturing and materials supply. This study concludes the ordering strategy on construction material, identifies the optimal order points and order batches, and provides recommendations for further research.

scholarly journals Joint Inventory, Pricing, and Advertising Decisions with Surplus and Stockout Loss Aversions

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing-Bing Cao ◽  
Zhi-Ping Fan ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
Tian-Hui You
Keyword(s):  
Loss Aversion ◽  
Optimal Policy ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Effort Level ◽  
Optimal Decisions ◽  
Advertising Effort ◽  
Fruitful Research

The newsvendor models considering decision-makers’ behavioral factors remain a fruitful research area in operation management field in past decade. In this paper, we further extend the current literatures to look into joint inventory, pricing, and advertising decisions considering loss aversion effects under the newsvendor setting. The purpose is to explore how the loss aversions affect the optimal policy of order quantity, price, and advertising effort level. We present an integrated utility model to measure both economic payoff and loss aversion utility of the newsvendor, where surplus loss aversion and stockout loss aversion are first separately defined and quantified. Then, we analyze the optimal solution conditions of the integrated model under exogenous and endogenous price cases, respectively. Under exogenous price case, we find that the uniquely optimal policy exists and is presented in the closed form. Under endogenous price case, the optimal policy is determined under mild conditions; we also provide the solutions when order quantity factor or advertising effort level is fixed in this case. In addition, the sensitivity analysis shows that the loss aversions affect the optimal decisions of order quantity, price, and advertising effort level in a systematic way.

scholarly journals Transboundary Environmental Damages in the Black Sea Basin and Regional Liability Regime

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Environmental Damages ◽  
Security Problem

The Black Sea is a significant basin where transboundary environmental damage activities take place. The environmental problems in the Black Sea are not only on the agenda of six Black Sea littorals, but also the states in the wider Black Sea basin. The large scales of strategic, economical and political problems in the region require entrepreneurship and co operations of the other states on the same platform. This study has two main environmental security dimensions: One of them is identifying the damages and opponents; the other one is the security problem in transboundary environment and the responsibilities of the Black Sea states. In this regard, this study aims to initiate a conversation in precautions against transboundary environmental damages considering the current security risks.

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