IMMUNIZATION OF A CONTROVERTED BELIEF THROUGH GROUP DISCUSSION

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Quereshi ◽  
Lloyd A. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inoculation Theory ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Group I ◽  
Verbal Attack ◽  
Group 2

An extension of McGuire's inoculation theory, from the area of cultural truisms to the realm of controverted beliefs, was investigated by manipulating previous attack as part of a group discussion situation in which actual defense of an issue was considered essential for having an inoculating effect. Results (p < 0.05) favored the main hypothesis when group I (requiring defense in response to a written verbal attack) was compared with the control group, but there were no significant differences between group I and group 2 (requiring discussion but no defense since there was no verbal attack).

scholarly journals Effect of anterior capsular polishing on the incidence of YAG capsulotomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A Ahad ◽  
Mohammad Rashad Qamar ◽  
Sameh K Hindi ◽  
Martin N Kid
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anterior Capsule ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: To study the effect of anterior capsule polishing during phacoemulsification on the incidence of post operative YAG laser capsulotomy. Method: A retrospective controlled study of 159 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with anterior capsular polishing between October 1998 and March 2000. 169 age matched patients who underwent phacoemulsification but without anterior capsule polishing served as controls. Main outcome measure: Incidence of visually significant YAG capsulotomy, which improved the Snellen acuity for more than 1 line or at least 1 line with subjective improvements in symptoms. Results: 2.51 % of patients with anterior capsular polishing (Group 1) had YAG capsulotomy compared to 7.1% of patients in control group at one year. However, after two years, 11.3% of patients in Group I had YAG capsulotomy compared to 12.4% in Group 2. Conclusion: Anterior capsular polishing during cataract surgery may delay the opacification of posterior capsule during the early postoperative period. But does not decrease the incidence of YAG capsulotomy after two years.

scholarly journals INTERVENSI PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION LEBIH MENURUNKAN TEKANAN DARAH DARI PADA SLOW STROKE BACK MASSAGE PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI DERAJAT I YANG MENGONSUMSI OBAT ANTI HIPERTENSI DI BADUNG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Komang Ayu Juni Antari ◽  
Alex Pangkahila ◽  
Muh. Ali Imron ◽  
I Putu Adiartha Griadhi ◽  
Luh Made Indah Sri Handari Adiputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Back Massage

ABTSRACT Introduction: Physical exercise as anticipate of hypertension along with nutrition and medicines. One of physical exercise that can be applicated here is relaxation techniques which is showed positive impact in decreased blood pressure. Objective: Determine the difference between PMR intervention with SSBM intervention to reduce blood pressure for grade I hypertension patients whose consumed anti-hypertension medicine in badung regency. Methods: Experimental method Pre and post-test control group design and used 24 subjects, divided in to 2 groups, in which the experimental group I (n=12) received progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) while the treatment group 2 (n=12) received slow stroke back massage (SSBM). Intervention is given 3 times a week for 4 weeks. This study was using simple random sampling. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Result: Independent Sample T-test showed there was significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 which (p<0.05) for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation intervention decrease blood pressure more than slow stroke back massage intervention in patients grade I hypertension whose consumed anti-hypertension medicine in Badung Regency.Keywords: progressive muscle relaxation, slow stroke back massage, grade I hypertension, blood pressure

scholarly journals A preoperatív antibiotikus és antiszeptikus kezelés hatása a műtéti úton eltávolított alsó bölcsességfogak sebgyógyulására – prospektív randomizált vizsgálat

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Kaposvári ◽  
Kinga Körmöczi ◽  
Zsuzsa Beáta László ◽  
Ferenc Oberna ◽  
Ferenc Horváth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Prophylactic Dose ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Group 2

Abstract: Introduction and aim: The study compares the antibiotic prophylaxis combined with postoperative antibiotic therapy to preoperative chlorhexidine rinse combined with postoperative antibiotic therapy in preventing complications after surgical removal of a mandibular third molar. Method: 71 healthy patients in four groups were enrolled in the study: I. prophylactic dose of 2000 mg of amoxicillin clavulanate, continued with amoxicillin clavulanate postoperatively; II. prophylactic dose of 600 mg of clindamycin, continued with clindamycin postoperatively; III. prophylactic chlorhexidin rinsing, continued randomized amoxicillin clavulanate or clindamycin postoperatively; IV. control, with clindamycin postoperatively. Results: The pain was smaller in the prophylaxis groups. Alveolitis occurred only in the control group: 2 patients. Wound opening occurred in 22,2 % in group IV., 14,2 % in group II, 10 % in group I., 5 % in group III. Conclusion: We consider completing the indicated postoperative antibiotic prescription with antibiotic or antiseptic prophylaxis. Chlorhexidin prophylaxis could have the same positive effect. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(1), 13–19.

Flowable Composites as “Filled Adhesives:” A Microleakage Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Guilherme Sensi ◽  
Fabiano Carlos Marson ◽  
Sylvio Monteiro ◽  
Luiz Narciso Baratieri ◽  
Mauro Amaral Caldeira de Andrada
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Class V ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Flowable Composites

Abstract Objective The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the microleakage at dentin margins of a flowable resin composite associated with an adhesive, either light cured separately or co-cured, in Class V cavities. Materials and Methods Twenty four recently extracted human molars were prepared with standardized boxshaped Class V cavities of 3.0 mm (mesial-distal), 2.0 mm (occlusal-gingival), and 2.0 mm depth with margins located on enamel and dentin/cementum on the buccal or lingual surfaces. The cavities were randomly assigned into three groups (n=8): Group I – Single Bond + Filtek Z250 (control); Group II – Single Bond + Filtek Flow (light cured separately) + Filtek Z250; and Group III – Single Bond + Filtek Flow co-cured (light cured simultaneously) + Filtek Z250. After being immersed in tap water for 24 h, the specimens were thermocycled (1000x, 5°-55°C, 30 sec dwell time) and immersed in a 0.5% basic fuchsine solution for 24 h. The restorations were sectioned longitudinally and gingival margins were evaluated for microleakage using a 0-4 scale. Data were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test at p<0.05. Results A statistically significant difference at p = 0.0044 between Groups 1 and 3 and Groups 2 and 3 was observed. Although Group 2 performed slightly better than Group 1, no significant difference was observed. Conclusion The use of a flowable resin composite cured simultaneously with an adhesive yielded the worst results in this study. As no statistical differences were seen between Groups 1 and 2, the use of a flowable composite as a means of minimizing microleakage at dentin margins may be questioned. Citation Sensi LG, Marson FC, Monteiro S Jr., Baratieri LN, de Andrada MAC. Flowable Composites as “Filled Adhesives:” A Microleakage Study . J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 November;(5)4:032-041.

scholarly journals ISONIAZID (INH)

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1587-1595
Author(s):  
Umer Aleem ◽  
Rahman Shah ◽  
Noor Khan ◽  
M. Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 2

Objectives: Hepatotoxicity is the most complicated side effect of isoniazid (inh)in the patient treated for tuberculosis. In causes 8–30% hepatotoxicity in the developing world.Metabolism of INH produces a metabolite, called acetyl isoniazid. In this study hepatoprotectiveeffect of honey, in isoniazid induced animal model was assessed. Study Design: Randomizedcontrol trial. Setting: Saidu Medical College, Saidu Sharif Swat, KP. Period: October ToDecember 2017. Material and Methods: 40 healthy male rabbits were assigned randomly tothe group i, ii, iii and iv by using lottery method. Ten animals were grouped each row. Theisoniazid-induced hepatotoxic model was created by giving 50 mg inh/kg orally on daily basisfor eleven days. Group i was taken as negative control group ii as a positive control. Group iii andiv were experimental groups treated with 50 mg /kg/day and 100 mg /kg/day buckwheat honeyrespectively for eleven days. SPSS Version 16 software was used, mean, s.d. were determinedin all the groups. Values of serum bilirubin, sgpt, and alkaline phosphatase were comparedwith each other using pairt-test. Results: SGPT, Serum bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatasewere obtained in all the animals. Comparing group 1 negative control with group 2, 3 and 4shows statistical significance, (p=0.00). Comparing group 2 positive control with 3 and 4 showsstatistical significance, (p=0.00). Further comparing group 3 with group 4 also shows statisticalsignificance (p=0.00). Conclusion: From the above finding, it has been revealed that honeyhas got a protective effect in regressing hepatitis that has been induced in rabbit’s model byhigh doses of isoniazid. Related studies performed in which different chemicals and drugs havebeen tried for their protective role in isoniazid induced hepatitis also shows a similar type ofresults.

scholarly journals ORAL HOMEOSTASISSTATUSIN MILD CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS AND MILD DENTAL PERI-IMPLANTITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tlustenko ◽  
Valentina Tlustenko ◽  
Oksana Gusyakova ◽  
Dimitry Trunin ◽  
Vladimir Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Group I ◽  
Metabolic Imbalance ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Group 1

The paper is focused on evaluating the oral cavity homeostasis in patients with mild chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) (Group 1, 35 persons) and mild peri-implantitis (Group 2, 30 persons). The control group included healthy individuals (20 persons) with neither dental nor somatic issues. The material used for the study was oral fluid. The general metabolic processes in the periodontal and peri-implant area tissues were described based on analysis of the protein and mineral metabolism indicators, as well as on the hygiene and periodontal status indices. The paper presents the results of a comparative assessment involving Groups I and II with the control group and between Groups I and II. Our findings show changes in ion balance in both groups. Significant disturbances in the protein and mineral metabolism have been identified in the main groups, which contributes to the development of inflammation and reduced detoxification in periodontal and peri-implant tissues. A rise in Calcium and Magnesium indicates destructive processes in bone tissues. In case of mild CGP, these changes are more prominent. The oral hygiene and periodontal status indices in Group I proved to be significantly worse. Therefore, while performing implantation on the background of chronic generalized periodontitis, it is important to take into account its metabolic imbalance and implement preventive measures

scholarly journals Complex toxin binder mycotox® ng influence on the hepatotoxic effect of aflatoxin B1 in experimental treated goslings

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
I. Valchev ◽  
К. Stojanchev ◽  
N. Nicolov ◽  
R. Binev
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hepatotoxic Effect ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Abstarct. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of aflatoxin B1 and Mycotox NG applied either independently or together, on blood total protein, albumin, blood glucose, total bilirubin, triglycerides, cholesterol, enzyme activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ GT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and changes in liver morphology. At the same time, the potential of supplementation of feed with a mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) was evaluated. Experiments were carried out with 40 1-day-old Toulouse geese from mixed sexes divided into one control and three treatment groups (n=10). Groups were as followed: Group I – control (0 mg/kg AFB1 not supplemented with Mycotox NG); Group II (0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG), Group III (0.5 mg/kg AFB1) and Group IV (0.5 mg/kg AFB1 and 0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG). In this study, commercially available geese of Toulouse strain were reared from day one to forty two days in the deep litter system of management and the birds were divided into four groups. Normal feed tested free of aflatoxin (AFB1), was given to the control (Group – 1). 0.5 g/kg Mycotox was supplemented with the feed to Group 2, Aflatoxin (0.5 mg/kg feed) was supplemented with the feed to Group 3 and Mycotox Ng (0.5 g/kg feed) + 0.5 mg/kg feed AFB1 was supplemented with the feed to Group 4. The duration of the experiments was 42 days. The monitored blood chemical parameters were analysed on post treatment days 21 and 42. In birds treated only with AFB1, (group III) increased blood activities of studied enzymes. At the same time, blood total protein, albumin, cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides were reduced as compared to controls. The observed histopathological changes in the liver consisted in various extent of dystrophy (congestion, vacuolar and granular dystrophy, round cell proliferation, necrobiotic changes, hyperplasia of gallbladder epithelium). The addition of mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) to the feed of Groups IV reduced substantially the changes in blood chemistry and the severity and frequency of liver histological lesions. The addition of mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) to the feed of Groups IV reduced substantially the changes in blood chemistry and the severity and frequency of liver histological lesions.

Chemopreventive potential of Kayan Karpam (Traditional formulation) on B(A)P induced lung cancer in experimental mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 4640-4646
Author(s):  
Durga Devi Munireddy ◽  
Karthikkumar Venkatachalam ◽  
Kalaichelvan Pudhupalayam Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Lung Carcinogenesis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact

The main aim of the study was to evaluate the chemopreventive potential of Kayan Karpam (KK) against Benzo(a) Pyrene (B(a)P) induced lung carcinogenesis in experimental mice. In this study, we evaluated the impact of KK as an effective antioxidant and anticarcinogenic agent against B(a)P, a possible carcinogen present in cigarette smoke. All mice were randomly assorted into five groups. Group I mice served as control (Control), group II mice were received KK at the dosage of 250mg/kg b.wt. for 16 weeks. Groups III-VI received B(a)P at the dosage of 50mg/kg b.wt. weekly twice orally for the first 4 weeks. Further, along with B(a)P, group IV received KK, as like group 2 for 16 weeks, group V mice received B(a)P, as like groups 3 and 4, along with KK starting from the 9th week of the experimental period. We observed, that carcinogen induced mice treated with different treatment regimens of KK showed a potent chemopreventive action. Significant (P<0.05) increases in cellular enzymatic antioxidants such as SOD, CAT and GPx and levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants like GSH, vitamins E and C were noted in KK treated mice. Highly significant reductions were observed in the levels of lipid peroxidative by products and lung cancer marker enzymes like AHH, ᵧ-GT, 5’-ND and LDH in the mice administered with KK. Supplementation with KK to tumor bearing mice normalized the expression patterns of pro- and anti- apoptotic proteins (p21, Bax, Bcl-2), modulated NF-κB, and reduced the levels of COX-2. These findings further suggest the view that the Indian medicinal plants present in KK are promising sources of potential drugs against lung cancer.

ПРИРОДНЫЕ КОРМОВЫЕ ДОБАВКИ В КОРМЛЕНИИ ЛАКТИРУЮЩИХ КОРОВ

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
E.A. IVANOV ◽  
V.A. TERESHCHENKO ◽  
O.V. IVANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Basic Diet ◽  
Pine Nut ◽  
Fat Globules ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 2

Изучено влияние хвойной муки и скорлупы кедрового ореха на молочную продуктивность и качество молока коров чернопестрой породы в условиях сельхозпредприятия Красноярского края. Для опыта было сформировано 3 группы коров. Контрольная получала основной рацион (ОР), I опытная дополнительно к ОР хвойную муку, II дополнительно к ОР хвойную муку в комплексе со скорлупой кедрового ореха. В результате исследований было установлено, что в хвойной муке содержалось больше полифенолов на 0,05, меди на 29,4, цинка на 35,7, магния на 64,7, хрома на 40, и меньше целлюлозы и лигнина на 9,67 и 24,15 по сравнению со скорлупой кедрового ореха. Установлено, что во II группе увеличился удой на 17,5, массовая доля жира в молоке на 13,1, белка на 3,3, количество жировых шариков на 17,5. Доля коров, продуцирующих молоко I группы термоустойчивости, во II опытной группе составила 100. По результатам биохимического анализа крови во II группе отмечено повышение концентрации глюкозы в крови на 11,5, кальция на 8,4, магния на 56,7. Анализ полученных данных позволил заключить, что наиболее эффективно комплексное скармливание коровам хвойной муки и скорлупы кедрового ореха.The influence of coniferous flour and pine nut shell on milk productivity and milk quality of black motley breed cows was researched based on the conditions of agricultural enterprises of Krasnoyarsk region. To conduct the research three groups of cows were formed. The control group received the basic diet, the 1st testing group in addition to the basic diet received coniferous flour, the 2nd group received coniferous flour mixed with crushed pine nut shells. The result of research demonstrates the coniferous flour contains more polyphenols by 0.05, copper by 29.4, zinc by 35.7, magnesium by 64.7, chromium by 40, and less cellulose and lignin by 9.67 and 24.15 in comparison with pine nut shells. It is proved that milk yield in the 2nd group increased by 17.5, milk fat by 13.1, protein by 3.3, the number of fat globules in milk 17.5. The 2nd experimental group share of cows giving milk of group I heat resistance was 100. The results of biochemical blood analysis in group 2 showed an increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood by 11.5, calcium by 8.4, magnesium by 56.7. The analysis of the received data allowed to draw a conclusion that the most effective feeding for cows is a mix of coniferous flour and a shell of a pine nut.

scholarly journals Effects of Nebivolol on Endothelial Function and Exercise Parameters in Patients with Slow Coronary Flow

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. CMC.S3725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Tiryakioglu ◽  
Osman Tiryakioglu ◽  
Hasan Ari ◽  
Mehmet C. Basel ◽  
Tahsin Bozat
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Slow Coronary Flow ◽  
Timi Frame Count ◽  
Group I ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Group 2

Objective Earlier studies have reported that a decrease in exercise capacity might indicate endothelial dysfunction. However, the effects of improvement of endothelial functions on exercise capacity have not been evaluated. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of nebivolol on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and on the exercise capacities of the patients with slow coronary flow (SCF). Methods The study population included 25 subjects with SCF (Group 1) documented by the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count, and 25 control group (Group 2) subjects with normal coronary angiography, for a total of 50 subjects who underwent coronary angiography due to several indications and had no coronary lesion. The TIMI frame count (TFC) values of the subjects in Group I for left anterior descending artery, right coronary, and circumflex coronary artery were 61.8 ± 30.6, 37.2 ± 17.4, and 34.6 ± 17.4, respectively. All the subjects received nebivolol 5 mg/day. Results At the end of the first month of FMD, the mean exercise duration (MED) and the Duke Scores of the patients with SCF were significantly higher than the baseline values. However, the values by the sixth month did not differ from that at the first month. Although a numerical improvement compared to the baseline values was observed for the subjects in Group 2 by the measurements at the end of the first and the sixth month, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Nebivolol treatment increases FMD in the subjects with SCF. The difference in the exercise parameters of these subjects is particularly dramatic, and such an outcome may indirectly indicate long-term improvement in endothelial function.

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