PSYCHOLOGICAL ANDROGYNY AND CREATIVITY: DYNAMICS OF GENDER-ROLE AND PERSONALITY TRAIT

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Norlander ◽  
Anna Erixon ◽  
Trevor Archer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Creative Ability ◽  
Psychological Androgyny

The present study was performed to describe the involvement of gender-role and personality traits in a cluster of tests to ascertain individuals. creative ability. Participants were 200 students at Karlstad University. Five gender-role types, based upon masculinity/femininity scales were derived, namely the androgynic, stereotypic, retrotypic, midmost and undifferentiated types. Results indicated that the androgynic group scored higher than the other groups on creativity, creative attitude (trend), dispositional optimism and graffiti/scrawling – with the exception of the stereotypic group which scored non-significantly higher on optimism. Nor was the the androgynic group significantly different from the retrotypic group with respect to creativity – although this group scored significantly higher than did the stereotypic group. Small, or negligible, gender differences were found on the masculinity/femininity scales.

Gender Differences in Personality Traits in Relation to Academic Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-137
Author(s):  
Dur Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
The Impact

The study attempted to explore the impact of personality traits on academic performance with regards to gender differences. A primary study was conducted on a sample size of 666 students (453 males and 213 females). Using Mann-Whitney analysis, it was found that different personality traits impact the academic performance of students for both boys and girls. Extraversion, Conscientiousness Agreeableness and Emotional Stability were found to influence the academic performance of male students. On the other hand, Openness influenced the academic performance of female students. Conscientiousness was the only trait to influence the academic performance of both male as well as female students.

Researching Gender-Role Ideologies Internationally and Cross-Culturally

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith L. Gibbons ◽  
Beverly A. Hamby ◽  
Wanda D. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Conceptual Equivalence ◽  
The One

Although many studies have compared gender-role ideologies internationally and cross-culturally, few researchers have attended to cultural differences in the meaningfulness or conceptual equivalence of the scale items. The literature on the use of instruments internationally is reviewed with respect to potentially universal (etic) constructs and findings. Gender differences in attitudes and the domains in which gender-related behavior is expressed differ internationally. A potential universal dimension is represented by a modern, egalitarian ideology on the one pole and a traditional ideology on the other. Using scales developed in three cultural contexts, we demonstrate that ratings of meaningfulness are correlated with the use of scores distant from the midpoint. Specific recommendations for researchers include consultation with cultural informants and incorporation of culturally specific (emic) items.

scholarly journals Remembering the Forgotten Differences of Men and Women:

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (- 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran

Gender differences and their depiction has been a rich debate for last few decades in Gender Studies.  Feminists often argue that men and women should not be segregated as they are equal and must entertain equal privileges. On the other hand, anti-feminists believe that men are superior to women. The current paper aims at exploring differences between men and women and hence it chiefly rings round three primary resources of discussion regarding gender differences. Firstly, it rests on Jordan Peterson’s claim that men and women are not the same and would not be the same; but it does not mean that women should be treated unfairly. In this regard, it brings to the light gender related factors such as Five Big Personality traits i.e. Openness to experience, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and Neuroticism, which have different degrees and levels in men and women. Secondly, it discusses gender differences in John Gray’s Men are from Mars Women are from Venus. In this connection, it explores differences between men and women in term of language, psychology, coping with stress and their life on two different planets; Mars and Venus as Martians and Venusians. Finally it discusses gender differences mentioned in the Holy Quran. In this context, the selected verses of the holy Quran show that men and women are created differently, they are different in many ways such as biologically, psychologically, physically and in term of responsibilities. The study has shown that men and women have various differences which are essentials and nature-constructs rather social and cultural. So, the fight for sustaining equality between them in every walk of life is unachievable and not sustainable. Therefore, for a peaceful world men and women have to recall and sustain the differences they have in their respective essences.

scholarly journals Facet-Level Personality Development in the Transition to Adolescence: Maturity, Disruption, and Gender Differences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra M Brandes ◽  
Shauna C Kushner ◽  
Kathrin Herzhoff ◽  
Jennifer L Tackett
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Linear Change ◽  
Transition To Adolescence ◽  
Adolescent Transition

The transition to adolescence is marked by enormous change in social, biological, and personality development. Although accumulating evidence has offered insight into the nature of higher-order personality trait development during this period, much less is known about the development of lower-order personality traits, or “facets”. The current study employed a cohort- sequential longitudinal design to examine domain- and facet-level trajectories for mother- reported personality traits during the early adolescent transition. Personality trait domains and facets were assessed with the Inventory of Child Individual Differences – Short Form (Deal et al., 2007). Participants were 440 children followed at four annual timepoints from middle childhood (MAge = 9.97, SD = 0.81) to early adolescence (MAge = 13.11, SD = 0.84). Results of latent growth curve models showed substantial facet-level personality stability in this period, as well as small to moderate linear change in 13 of 15 facets. Gender differences in change were evident for 9 facets. Overall patterns suggested consistent increases in agreeableness facets with null to small gender differences. Neuroticism and openness to experience facet change was heterogeneous within each domain, but patterns were similar for boys and girls. Extraversion primarily decreased, though the magnitude and direction of change differed between facets and genders. Conscientiousness increased across all facets, but only among girls. These findings overall demonstrate a high degree of developmental consistency in facets within each domain as well as some notable differences. Further, this study contributes to a small and somewhat mixed evidence base for current theories of adolescent personality development.

A Different Type of Gender Gap: How Women and Men Experience Poverty

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Fodor
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Depth Interviews

While recent surveys do not find that poverty is feminized in post-communist Hungary, this project explores gender differences in the experience of destitution. Drawing on a content analysis of in-depth interviews in twentyseven very low-income households, the author exposes the particularly gendered daily practice of poverty in Hungarian families. The author argues that one of the major gender differences in the experience of poverty is that men often find themselves in a gender role crisis when they are too poor to function as successful breadwinners. Women, on the other hand, tend to feel their roles as caretakers intensified and thus avoid a conflict with (newly) hegemonic ideals of femininity. As a response, poor marriedcouple families devise ways in which they try to alleviate men's gender shame. The goal of the article is to identify four such strategies, which are used by poor couples to devise livable alternatives to hegemonic gender roles.

The Dark Tetrad

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Međedović ◽  
Boban Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Second Order ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Pole ◽  
Latent Space ◽  
Order Factor

Abstract. Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy are personality traits understood to be dispositions toward amoral and antisocial behavior. Recent research has suggested that sadism should also be added to this set of traits. In the present study, we tested a hypothesis proposing that these four traits are expressions of one superordinate construct: The Dark Tetrad. Exploration of the latent space of four “dark” traits suggested that the singular second-order factor which represents the Dark Tetrad can be extracted. Analysis has shown that Dark Tetrad traits can be located in the space of basic personality traits, especially on the negative pole of the Honesty-Humility, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Emotionality dimensions. We conclude that sadism behaves in a similar manner as the other dark traits, but it cannot be reduced to them. The results support the concept of “Dark Tetrad.”

Narcissism, Personality Traits and Conspicuous Consumption of Brand in Youth

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Sabeen Khan ◽  
Ruhi Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship among Narcissism, personality traits and conspicuous consumption of brands in youth. This used quantitative research design with a sample consisting of 50 Men and 50 Women. The age ranged between 18 – 22 years. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants. The findings revealed that there was a relationship among conspicuous consumption and traits of personality. It was also uncovered that there are gender differences in conspicuous consumption of brands, narcissism and personality traits. Further it was concluded that narcissism is positively associated with conspicuous consumption of brands. Narcissism was likely to be a positive predictor of conspicuous consumption of brands and personality traits are likely to be a predictor of conspicuous consumption of brands.

Metode Tafsir Muhammad Abduh dan Muhammad Rasyid Ridha dalam Tafsîr Al-Manâr

TAJDID ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Ahmad Tholabi Kharlie
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
Religious Counseling

Tafsîr al-Manar is one of the most popular exegesis of the Qur`anic studies. Al-Manar magazine, which contains this interpretation periodically, namely in the early 20th century, is widespread throughout the Islamic world and has an important role in enlightening thoughts and religious counseling. The influence of Sheikh Muhammad Abduh, along with his student, Sayyid Muhammad Rasyîd Ridhâ, on the development of religious thought in the Islamic world, thus, cannot be underestimated.This article is a result of a previous study of the Qur’an exegesis method of the two prominent Muslim scholars, Muhammad Abduh and Muhammad Rashid Ridha. The study reveals two main conclusions, they are (1) personally both Muhammad Abduh and Muhammad Rashid Ridha are independent who have extensive, well-known, and versatile insight and knowledge, have personality traits that are steady, honest, brave, passionate, intelligent, determined, and a number of other advantages, like other leading commentator (2) Al-manâr book, with its superiorities, is well recognized as a monumental work that broadly contributes to the development of Islamic thought, particularly in modern exegesis field. In regard to exegesis of Qur’anic legal verses, though it is not a special legal book, Al-manâr is able to explain deeply and comprehensively the Qur’anic legal verses just like the other legal exegesis works.

An Examination of Perceived Barriers to Mentoring in Public Accounting

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Kaplan ◽  
Annemarie K. Keinath ◽  
Judith C. Walo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
The Other ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Public Accounting ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
Local Firm

While both mentoring and peer relationships exist among some auditors in public accounting, little is known about these relationships. The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence on perceived barriers to mentoring and peer relationships in public accounting. Analysis of responses indicated three interpretable factors representing barriers to forming mentoring relationships. First, participants without a mentor perceived greater barriers from access to mentors and from willingness of the mentor. Gender differences were significant in all three factors. Partners perceived barriers from access to mentors to be lower than those perceived by the other ranks. Finally, willingness of the mentor was perceived to be a greater barrier by local firm participants than by intermediate or Big 5 firm participants.

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