Body Satisfaction and Overall Mood: Effects of Race in Exercisers with Obesity

Body image in obese women is generally poor, and may be affected by race/ethnicity. The impact of exercise is unclear. White and African American women who were obese started on a supported exercise and nutrition education program for weight reduction. The body satisfaction of the African American participants was significantly more favorable at baseline than the comparable group of White women. For all participants, body satisfaction was significantly related to overall mood, both at baseline, and in its significant improvements over six months. Race/ethnicity did not influence those relationships. Extensions of this research may improve theory and, ultimately, treatments.

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Treatment-Associated Changes in Body Composition, Health Behaviors, and Mood as Predictors of Change in Body Satisfaction in Obese Women

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198114531783 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 633-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

James J. Annesi ◽

Gisèle A. Tennant ◽

Nicole Mareno

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

African American ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Body Satisfaction ◽

Multiple Regression Equation ◽

Obese Women ◽

Behavioral Factors ◽

Race Ethnicity

A lack of satisfaction with one’s body is common among women with obesity, often prompting unhealthy “dieting.” Beyond typically slow improvements in weight and body composition, behavioral factors might also affect change in body satisfaction. Age and race/ethnicity (African American vs. White) might moderate such change. Obese women ( N = 246; Mage = 43 years; MBMI = 39 kg/m2) initiating a 6-month cognitive-behaviorally based physical activity and nutrition treatment were assessed on possible predictors of body satisfaction change. At baseline, African American and younger women had significantly higher body satisfaction. The treatment was associated with significant within-group improvements in mood, health behaviors (physical activity and fruit/vegetable intake), and body composition (waist circumference). A multiple regression analysis indicated that mood, health behavior, and body composition changes explained a significant 27% of the variance in body satisfaction change. Of these predictors, changes in mood (β = −.36, p < .001) and health behaviors (β = .18, p = .01) made significant, unique contributions to the variance in change in body satisfaction that was accounted for, while only the measure of actual physiological change (body composition) did not. Neither age nor race/ethnicity was a significant moderator when each was entered separately into the multiple regression equation. Practical implications for leveraging manageable changes in behavioral factors for improving body satisfaction were discussed.

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Cultural Dominance in Dietetics; Hearing the Voices, African American Nutrition Educators Speak

Critical Dietetics ◽

10.32920/cd.v1i3.606 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Jill White

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

African American ◽

Critical Race Theory ◽

Multicultural Education ◽

African American Women ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

Educational Process ◽

Registered Dietitians ◽

The Impact

Currently less than 4% of Registered Dietitians in the U.S. come from African American or Latino communities. People are often unwilling to reveal their lifestyle patterns to those they fear will be insensitive to their sociopolitical position in society. The 2002 Institute of Medicine Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care recommended an increase of underrepresented minorities in the health care workforce. This study analyzed the impact of white dominance in the Field of Dietetics. Nineteen African American women who practice nutrition education in the African American community were interviewed regarding their own educational experiences, their practice, and their perception of the profession of Dietetics. They were also asked to give their opinions regarding changes that need to take place in the field. Critical Race Theory was utilized as a lens to analyze the findings. The women reported racism in their educational histories. The participants commented on their ability to relate to the food, economic conditions and learning styles of their African American clients. They identified a number of obstacles to becoming Registered Dietitians, many of which centered on accessing the internship process and the lack of perceived cost/benefit. The participants discussed needed changes in the educational process, including more multicultural education for dietetic students. It is hoped that this study will provide a voice from those who have been marginalized in Dietetics to project insight on how the field might become more inclusive and effective in communities of color.

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Correlations of Changes in Weight and Body Satisfaction for Obese Women Initiating Exercise: Assessing Effects of Ethnicity

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.105.f.1072-1076 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 105 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1072-1076 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James J. Annesi

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

African American ◽

African American Women ◽

Body Satisfaction ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Moderate Exercise ◽

Obese Women ◽

Behavioral Weight Loss ◽

Exercise Regimen ◽

Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment

A significant relationship between changes in Body Mass Index and Body Areas Satisfaction scores was found for a sample of obese Euro-American ( n = 97), but not for African-American ( n = 79), women initiating a moderate exercise program. For the African-American women only, compliance with the assigned exercise regimen directly predicted change in Body Areas Satisfaction. Implications of ethnicity for behavioral weight loss treatment were discussed.

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African American Unemployment and the Disparity in Periviable Births

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities ◽

10.1007/s40615-021-01022-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ralph Catalano ◽

Deborah Karasek ◽

Tim Bruckner ◽

Joan A. Casey ◽

Katherine Saxton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African American Women ◽

Unemployment Rate ◽

Racial Disparity ◽

Live Births ◽

Percentage Point Increase ◽

Point Increase ◽

The Us ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Hispanic White

AbstractPeriviable infants (i.e., born before 26 complete weeks of gestation) represent fewer than .5% of births in the US but account for 40% of infant mortality and 20% of billed hospital obstetric costs. African American women contribute about 14% of live births in the US, but these include nearly a third of the country’s periviable births. Consistent with theory and with periviable births among other race/ethnicity groups, males predominate among African American periviable births in stressed populations. We test the hypothesis that the disparity in periviable male births among African American and non-Hispanic white populations responds to the African American unemployment rate because that indicator not only traces, but also contributes to, the prevalence of stress in the population. We use time-series methods that control for autocorrelation including secular trends, seasonality, and the tendency to remain elevated or depressed after high or low values. The racial disparity in male periviable birth increases by 4.45% for each percentage point increase in the unemployment rate of African Americans above its expected value. We infer that unemployment—a population stressor over which our institutions exercise considerable control—affects the disparity between African American and non-Hispanic white periviable births in the US.

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The impact of values on the selection of philanthropic clubs by elite African American women: An historical perspective

Psychology and Marketing ◽

10.1002/(sici)1520-6793(199803)15:2<145::aid-mar3>3.0.co;2-c ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 145-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lydia A. McKinley-Floyd

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African American Women ◽

Historical Perspective ◽

American Women ◽

The Impact ◽

Selection Of

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An End to Job Mobility on the Sales Floor: The Impact of Department Store Cost Cutting on African-American Women, 1970–2000

Feminist Economics ◽

10.1080/13545701.2012.736027 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

Katrinell M. Davis

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African American Women ◽

Department Store ◽

Job Mobility ◽

American Women ◽

Cost Cutting ◽

The Impact

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The Impact of Alcohol Use on HIV/STI Intervention Efficacy in Predicting Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Young African-American Women

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-013-0555-4 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 747-751 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Puja Seth ◽

Gina M. Wingood ◽

LaShun S. Robinson ◽

Ralph J. DiClemente

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

African American Women ◽

American Women ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Intervention Efficacy ◽

The Impact

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Race-Specific Association of Caesarean-Section Delivery with Body Size at Age 2 Years

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.26.1.61 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 61 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrea E Cassidy-Bushrow ◽

Ganesa Wegienka ◽

Suzanne Havstad ◽

Albert M. Levin ◽

Susan V. Lynch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

African American Women ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Racial Differences ◽

White Women ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Delivery Mode ◽

Font Size ◽

African American Mothers

Objectives: African American children are at higher risk of obesity than White children and African American women are more likely to undergo caesarean-section (CS) delivery than White women. CS is associated with childhood obesity, however, little is known whether this relationship varies by race.We examined if the association of CS with obesity at age 2 years varied by race. Design: Longitudinal birth cohort.Setting: Birth cohort conducted in a health care system in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan with follow-up at age 2 years.Participants: 639 birth cohort participants; 367 children (57.4%) were born to African American mothers and 230 (36.0%) children were born via CS.Main Outcome Measure: Obesity defined as body mass index ≥95th percentile at age 2 years.Results: Slightly more children of African American (n=37; 10.1%) than non-African American mothers (n=18; 6.6%) were obese (P=.12). There was evidence of effect modification between race and delivery mode with obesity at age 2 years (interaction P=.020). In children of African-American mothers, CS compared to vaginal birth was associated with a significantly higher odds of obesity (aOR=2.35 (95% CI: 1.16, 4.77), P=.017). In contrast, delivery mode was not associated with obesity at age 2 years in children of non-African-American mothers (aOR=.47 (95% CI: .13, 1.71), P=.25). Conclusions: There is evidence for a race-specific effect of CS on obesity at age 2 years; potential underlying mechanisms may be racial differences in the developing gut microbiome or in epigenetic programming. Future research is needed to determine if this racial difference persists into later childhood. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(1):61-68; doi:10.18865/ed.26.1.61

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Use of Pictures to Facilitate Nutrition Education for Low-income African American Women

Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.jneb.2006.06.002 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 317-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Peter S. Houts ◽

Sharada Shankar ◽

Ann C. Klassen ◽

Ellen B. Robinson

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African American Women ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Low Income ◽

American Women

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Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk in Women in the First Year Postpartum: Allostatic Load as a Function of Race, Ethnicity, and Poverty Status

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1675618 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (10) ◽

pp. 1079-1089 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Madeleine U. Shalowitz ◽

Christine Dunkel Schetter ◽

Marianne M. Hillemeier ◽

Vernon M. Chinchilli ◽

Emma K. Adam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Child Health ◽

African American Women ◽

Low Income ◽

Allostatic Load ◽

White Women ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Community Sample ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

First Year

Objective Allostatic load (AL) represents multisystem physiological “wear-and-tear” reflecting emerging chronic disease risk. We assessed AL during the first year postpartum in a diverse community sample with known health disparities. Study Design The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Community Child Health Network enrolled 2,448 predominantly low-income African-American, Latina, and White women immediately after delivery of liveborn infants at ≥20 weeks' gestation, following them over time with interviews, clinical measures, and biomarkers. AL at 6 and 12 months postpartum was measured by body mass index, waist:hip ratio, blood pressure, pulse, hemoglobin A1c, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein, and diurnal cortisol slope. Results Adverse AL health-risk profiles were significantly more prevalent among African-American women compared with non-Hispanic Whites, with Latinas intermediate. Breastfeeding was protective, particularly for White women. Complications of pregnancy were associated with higher AL, and disparities persisted or worsened through the first year postpartum. Conclusion Adverse AL profiles occurred in a substantial proportion of postpartum women, and disparities did not improve from birth to 1 year. Breastfeeding was protective for the mother.

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