scholarly journals Ocular Allergy: A Review on Ocular Effects of Cosmetic Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 299-301
Author(s):  
Cherakkulath C Neena ◽  
K. Sreejith ◽  
B Athulnadh ◽  
K.V. Musaina Thasneem ◽  
Namitha Maniyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ocular Allergy ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Allergic Contact

The eyes are the windows to the body, healthy brain function needs healthy eyesight. Recently so many problems arise due to the unsafe use of ocular cosmetics. Eye cosmetics can cause ocular allergy or toxicity. It produces mild discomfort to serious vision threatening problems. This review focus on the reason as well as problems associated with ocular cosmetics. Based on the data from various reviews and research shows that preservatives, metals & fragrances include in the products are the main causative agents for ocular allergy. The main adverse reactions were found to be allergic blepharo conjunctivitis, disruption of the tear film and other inflammatory reactions. The purpose of this article is to give a general awareness about the safe use of ocular cosmetics to get rid of ocular allergy. Keywords: Ocular cosmetics; Ocular Allergy; Allergic contact blepharo conjunctivitis; inflammatory reactions.

scholarly journals Para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) in commercially available Henna preparations in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1088-1092
Author(s):  
Sultan Abu Saleh Mahmud ◽  
Tasnuva Ferdous ◽  
Md Morshedul Alam ◽  
Md Shohag Hossain ◽  
Habibul Bari Shozib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
The Average Range ◽  
Skin Sensitizer

In Bangladesh Henna is one of the most popular cosmetic products. The leaves of Henna are dried to make powder on which oil or water is mixed to get a paste to stain the body or hair. Although the occurance of contact allergic dermatitis in natural Henna is not so common, but this risk is increased by adding para-Phenylenediamine (PPD), which is used to make the Henna color dark to deep black. According to Scientific Committee on Consumer Products (SCCP), para-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is treated as an allergen and is considered as a very strong potential skin sensitizer. The presence of PPD in the commercially used tube Henna increases the risk of allergic contact dermatitis and several cases have already been reported worldwide. For this study, about 10 Henna samples were randomly collected from 10 selected areas of Dhaka city. The presence of PPD in Henna samples was determined by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result showed the presence of PPD in all of the Henna samples at substantial concentrations, ranging between 79.12-204.77 mg/kg where the average range is 142.36 mg/kg, which is much higher than the permissible levels (<2% or 0.1 mg/m3). The finding suggests that there should be a regulation and monitoring condition for the production and distribution of these adulterated Henna products in Bangladesh. Bioresearch Commu. 8(1): 1088-1092, 2022 (January)

Recent Advances in Obesity: The Role of Turmeric Tuber and Its Metabolites in the Prophylaxis and Therapeutical Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (37) ◽  
pp. 4837-4853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Jarząb ◽  
Wirginia Kukula-Koch
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Important Health ◽  
High Concern

Background: Obesity in the 21st century society became an important health problem, alarming both the scientists and medicine doctors around the world. That is why, the search for new drug candidates capable to reduce the body weight is of high concern. Objective: This contribution tends to collect current findings on the biochemistry of obesity and on the application of plants and in particular turmeric tuber – a commonly used spice - as an anti-obesity agent. Methods: Following an introduction on the biochemical characteristics of obesity, the description of Curcuma secondary metabolites, their pharmacological applications and a study on the plants’ regulatory properties in obesity was summarized. Particular attention was paid to curcumin – the major metabolite present in the extracts of Curcuma spp., which is known to exhibit a variety of pharmacological actions. Also, the characteristics of some semisynthetic analogues of this ferulic acid derivative, characterized by a higher polarity and better bioavailability will be discussed. Results: Numerous scientific papers treat on the influence of turmeric on weight loss. Additionally, some of them describe its anti-inflammatory properties. Conclusions: This important spice tends to fight the 21st century plague, which is an excessive weight gain, related to the development of metabolic syndrome, to the occurrence of cardiovascular problems and diabetes, and, in consequence, leading to a significant shortening of life span. As herein proven, the extracts of turmeric play an important role in the regulation of inflammatory reactions which are evoked in the overweight patients, helping them reduce the excess body weight.

Mechanisms of Nickel-Induced Cell Damage in Allergic Contact Dermatitis and Nutritional Intervention Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1010-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Filatova ◽  
Christine Cherpak
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Allergic Contact

Background: Hypersensitivity to nickel is a very common cause of allergic contact dermatitis since this metal is largely present in industrial and consumer products as well as in some commonly consumed foods, air, soil, and water. In nickel-sensitized individuals, a cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity response results in contact to dermatitis due to mucous membranes coming in long-term contact with nickel-containing objects. This process involves the generation of reactive oxidative species and lipid peroxidation-induced oxidative damage. Immunologically, the involvement of T helper (h)-1 and Th-2 cells, as well as the reduced function of T regulatory cells, are of importance. The toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity of nickel are attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of oxidative damage via lipid peroxidation, which results in DNA damage. Objective: The aim of this research is to identify nutritionally actionable interventions that can intercept nickel-induced cell damage due to their antioxidant capacities. Conclusion: Nutritional interventions may be used to modulate immune dysregulation, thereby intercepting nickel-induced cellular damage. Among these nutritional interventions are a low-nickel diet and an antioxidant-rich diet that is sufficient in iron needed to minimize nickel absorption. These dietary approaches not only reduce the likelihood of nickel toxicity by minimizing nickel exposure but also help prevent oxidative damage by supplying the body with antioxidants that neutralize free radicals.

How Dead Can You Be?

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne Van Till-D'Aulnis de Bourouill
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Artificial Respiration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current Usage ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Legal Security ◽  
Carotid And Vertebral Arteries

Life and death are defined in terms of function. Four groups of abnormal cases of death are specified and differentiated from normal cases. Murder, active euthanasia and cessation of artificial respiration are differentiated on the basis of the interested party, the cause of death and the purpose of the act. Juridical acceptance of this differentiation and terminology makes cessation of artificial respiration lawful, provided the patient had validly refused this treatment or is irreversibly comatose and also respirator-dependent. This would make it unnecessary to redefine death in terms of coma in order to solve legal and practical problems. Such a redefinition is against current usage (coma presumes life) and is the first step on an extremely slippery road; it is only admissible if done by the legislator after extensive public discussion. Disagreement among doctors about the definition and diagnosis of death causes distrust among the public, aggravates the shortage of donor organs and makes legal security an illusion. Three diagnostic ‘schools’ are compared: the Anglo-American (using Harvard's criteria), the French (using Mollaret's coma dépassé) and the Austro-German (using absence of intracranial blood circulation). On grounds of logic only the Austro-German diagnosis is reliable; it is not based on a statistically irreversible absence of outwardly perceptible manifestations of brain function, but proves and documents with certainty the total and irreversible impossibility of brain function. At present this has to be done by bilateral angiography of both carotid and vertebral arteries; if negative concerning the intracranial part, this proves death. In normal cases the traditional criteria may be used; in abnormal cases where no infringement of the body is foreseeable death need not be a certainty in order to stop therapy, provided the patient is irreversibly comatose and also respirator-dependent; in abnormal cases where an infringement is foreseeable death should be proved and documented to make the infringement lawful, apart from other conditions such as consent. Proof can be obtained by the Austro-German method or by discontinuing resuscitation during at least 15 consecutive minutes where this is legally permissible. Most German and Dutch lawyers concerned share this view.

scholarly journals Why should any body have a self?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Hohwy ◽  
John Michael
Keyword(s):  
Brain Function ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Error Minimization ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Prediction Error Minimization ◽  
Hierarchical Bayesian Inference

We use a general computational framework for brain function to develop a theory of the self. The theory is that the self is an inferred model of endogenous, deeply hidden causes of behavior. The general framework for brain function on which we base this theory is that the brain is fundamentally an organ for prediction error minimization.There are three related parts to this project. In the first part (Sections 2-3), we explain how prediction error minimization must lead to the inference of a network of deeply hidden endogenous causes. The key concept here is that prediction error minimization in the long term approximates hierarchical Bayesian inference, where the hierarchy is critical to understand the place of the self, and the body, in the world.In the second part (Sections 4-5), we discuss why such a set of hidden endogenous causes should qualify as a self. We show how a comprehensive prediction error minimization account can accommodate key characteristics of the self. It turns out that, though the modelled endogenous causes are just some among other inferred causes of sensory input, the model is special in being, in a special sense, a model of itself.The third part (Sections 6-7) identifies a threat from such self-modelling: how can a self-model be accurate if it represents itself? We propose that we learn to be who we are through a positive feedback loop: from infancy onward, humans apply agent-models to understand what other agents are up to in their environment, and actively align themselves with those models. Accurate self-models arise and are sustained as a natural consequence of humans’ skill in modeling and interacting with each other. The concluding section situates this inferentialist yet realist theory of the self with respect to narrative conceptions of the self.

scholarly journals ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI DAN KARAKTERISASI Vibrio spp. PATOGEN PENYEBAB VIBRIOSIS PADA KERAPU DI BALAI BUDIDAYA AIR PAYAU SITUBONDO

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Kamiso Handoyo Nitimulyo ◽  
Alim Isnansetyo ◽  
Triyanto Triyanto ◽  
Indah Istiqomah ◽  
Muhammmad Murdjani
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Specific Disease ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Development Center ◽  
Aquaculture Development ◽  
Vibrio Spp

This research was conducted to isolate, identify, and characterize pathogenic Vibrio spp., causative agents of vibriosis in grouper at Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Center (BADC), Situbondo. Twenty-nine isolates were isolated from wound, gills, eyes, liver, and ren of grouper with vibriosis on Thiosulphate Citrate Bile Sucrose Agar (TCBSA) medium. Koch Postulate Test was conducted to determine pathogenic Vibrio spp., by intraperitoneal injection to humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) (9-10 cm of total length) at 106 cells/fish in triplicates. Results indicated that the pathogenic Vibrio spp., causative agents of vibriosis in grouper at BADC, Situbondo were identified to be V. alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, V. metchnikovii, V. vulnificus, V. fluvialis, V. furnisii, and V. parahaemolyticus. Infection of the pathogenic Vibrio spp. caused acute mortality within 17-46 hours with specific disease signs like haemorhagic on fins (pinnae pectorales, pinnae abdominales, pinna analis) and also on the body. These results suggested that vibriosis should be monitored and controlled properly and quickly.

scholarly journals The first report of massive infestation with Lipoptena Cervi ( Diptera: Hippoboscidae ) in Roe Deer ( Capreolus Capreolus ) in Iasi county, N-E of Romania

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lazăr ◽  
O.C. Iacob ◽  
C. Solcan ◽  
S.A. Pașca ◽  
R. Lazăr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Hunting Season ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Trophy Hunting ◽  
The Face

ABSTRACT Investigations of four roe deer corpses were carried out from May until October 2014, in the Veterinary Forensic Laboratory and in the Parasitic Diseases Clinic, in the Iasi Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. The roe deer were harvested by shooting during the trophy hunting season. The clinical examination of the shot specimens revealed the presence of a highly consistent number of extremely mobile apterous insects, spread on the face, head, neck, lateral body parts, abdominal regions, inguinal, perianal and, finally, all over the body. The corpses presented weakening, anemia and cutaneous modification conditions. Several dozen insects were prelevated in a glass recipient and preserved in 70º alcoholic solution in order to identify the ectoparasite species. The morphological characteristics included insects in the Diptera order, Hippoboscidae family, Lipoptena cervi species. These are highly hematophagous insects that by severe weakening are affecting the game health and trophy quality. Histological investigations of the skin revealed some inflammatory reactions caused by ectoparasite Lipoptena cervi. Lipoptena cervi was identified for the first time in Iasi County, Romania.

scholarly journals Review of Chemical toxicity in Cosmetic products w.s.r. Dushi Visha

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhangi Karanje
Keyword(s):  
Coal Tar ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Synthetic Method ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
External Application ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Concept Of Beauty

 The concept of beauty and cosmetic is as old as mankind and civilization. Cosmetic product for females like sun scream, lipsticks, facial cream, nail paints, deodorants and sindoor are very popular in the market. They are generally the combination of various chemical compounds and some of them are derived from natural sources and others from synthetic method. In females regular external application of cosmetic products to improve beauty and appearance of a person which increases the self confidence. Most of the cosmetic products contains hazardous chemicals like talcum, parabens, coal, tar dye, phthalates, fragrance, tri ethanolamine and use of some heavy metals e.g. lead, mercury etc. Peoples are not aware of adverse effect of regular use of cosmetic products it accumulates in the body can cause contact dermatitis, skin disorders, allergies, hair loss and effect on nails etc. In Ayurveda cosmetic toxicity is compare to cumulative type of toxicity, so the cumulative type of toxicity is similar to Dushi Visha describes in Ayurveda.

scholarly journals Circulation of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Health Facilities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Kh.Kh. Batchaev ◽  
T.D. Pilipenko ◽  
L.G. Sereda ◽  
T.A. Petryuk
Keyword(s):  
Health Facilities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Microbiological Laboratory ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Introduction. Gram-positive enterococci are an integral part of the normal intestinal microflora. However, if they get into wounds or sterile cavities of the body, they may induce various diseases including wound infections, urethritis, peritonitis, sepsis, pyelonephritis, or damage other organs. These microorganisms also induce nosocomial infections and are among the causative agents of health care-associated infections (HAIs); thus, it is critical to control the spread of enterococci. Our purpose was to monitor circulation of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in health facilities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (KCR) in 2016-2018. Materials and methods. We studied VRE strains isolated in the Microbiological Laboratory of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. During three years, the total of 281 strains of vancomycin-resistant enterococci were isolated from various biological materials received from obstetric, surgical, pediatric, and therapeutic hospitals and from outpatients undergoing treatment in polyclinics of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. Results. According to our data, VRE rates per 100 examined patients were 2.34 in 2016, 3.4 in 2017, and 3.03 in 2018, and were comparable to the rates registered in the Russian Federation in the range of 3% to 22.7%. Discussion. When analyzing circulation of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, we established that the highest VRE rate (4.24 per 100 examined patients) was observed in maternity hospitals, while the lowest rate of 0.67% was observed in therapeutic departments. When studying sensitivity of 281 isolated VRE strains to eight antibacterial drugs, no strain resistant to all antibiotics was revealed. Sensitivity to linezolid, ampicillin, and penicillin was observed in 92.6%, 79.0%, and 66.2% of strains. Sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, and nitrofurantoin was 50% or less. VRE were mainly isolated from urine and discharge from the cervical canal and pharynx.

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