scholarly journals Synthesis and Anxiolytic Activity of some novel benzotriazole derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
V. K. Singh ◽  
Peeyush Bharadwaj ◽  
Poonam Rishishwar
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compound ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Wide Applicability ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Benzotriazole Derivatives ◽  
One Way Anova

1,2,3-Benzotriazole (BTA) is a heterocyclic compound with three nitrogen atoms. It is a polar and colourless compound which can be used for its great versatility. The enormous investigations on derivatives of benzotriazole reveal wide applicability for tagging and delivering a number of heterocyclic nuclei with this molecule. In the present work synthesis of several derivatives of 2-(substituted)-5-[(N-benzotriazolomethyl)-1,3, 4-thiadiazolyl]- imidazole-2-thione has been synthesized and are evaluated for their anxiolytic activity. The antianxiety activities of the synthesized derivatives were evaluated using EPM test and Bright and dark box test experimental models of anxiety. All results were expressed as mean± standard error mean (SEM) and analysed by one-way ANOVA. Post-hoc comparisons were performed by applying Dunnet’s test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Keywords: Benzotriazole; Thiadiazole; Thiazolidinone; Anxiolytic Activity; Anxiety; Elevated Plus Maize; Bright and Dark Arena.

scholarly journals Anti-anxiety activity of ethanolic extract of Spermacoce hispida leaves in swiss albino mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2224
Author(s):  
Vinayak Meti ◽  
Kumarswamy Dabburu
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Anxiolytic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Chronic Study ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Better Than

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of ethanolic extract of Spermacoce hispida (EESH) in swiss albino mice.Methods: Forty eight adult Swiss albino mice weighing 25-30grams were selected. 24 were allocated to Elevated plus maize test and the remaining 24 to Bright and dark box test models. In each model, there were 4 groups. The control group received normal saline (10ml/kg), the standard, Diazepam (1mg/kg) and test groups received ethanolic extract of Spermacoce hispida (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg p.o. respectively) 1h prior to the acute study. In chronic study the drugs were given orally once a day for 10 days and the last dose was given 1h before the experiment. The antianxiety activity of the test drug was evaluated using EPM test and Bright and dark box test experimental models of anxiety. All results were expressed as mean±standard error mean (SEM) and analysed by one-way ANOVA. Post-hoc comparisons were performed by applying Dunnet’s test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Ethanolic extract of Spermacoce hispida significantly increased the duration of time spent and number of entries in open arm in EPM and increased the number of entries into the bright arena, the time spent and the rears in bright arena indicating anxiolytic activity and EESH 200 mg/kg was found to be better than diazepam.Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that the ethanolic extract of Spermacoce hispida have anxiolytic activity better than Diazepam.

scholarly journals Plasma mitochondrial DNA levels are associated with acute lung injury and mortality in septic patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-yu Mao ◽  
Dong-kai Li ◽  
Hong-min Zhang ◽  
Xiao-ting Wang ◽  
Da-wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Background Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a critical activator of inflammation. Circulating mtDNA released causes lung injury in experimental models. We hypothesized that elevated plasma mtDNA levels are associated with acute lung injury (ALI) in septic patients. Methods We enrolled 66 patients with sepsis admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2019 and October 2019. Respiratory, hemodynamic and bedside echocardiographic parameters were recorded. Plasma mtDNA, procalcitonin, interleukin 6, and interleukin 8 levels were examined. Results Plasma mtDNA levels within 24 h after admission were significantly increased in the group of septic patients with ALI [5.01 (3.38–6.64) vs 4.13 (3.20–5.07) log copies/µL, p 0.0172]. mtDNA levels were independently associated with mortality (hazard ratio, 3.2052; 95% CI 1.1608–8.8500; p 0.0253) and ALI risk (odds ratio 2.7506; 95% CI 1.1647–6.4959; p 0.0210). Patients with high mtDNA levels had worse outcomes, and post hoc tests showed significant differences in 28-day survival rates. Increased mtDNA levels were seen in patients with abdominal infection. Conclusions Increased plasma mtDNA levels within 24 h after admission were significantly associated with ALI incidence and mortality in septic patients.

scholarly journals Depth-Related Curing Potential of Ormocer- and Dimethacrylate-Based Bulk-Fill Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6753
Author(s):  
Ramona S. Oltramare ◽  
Reto Odermatt ◽  
Phoebe Burrer ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Tobias T. Tauböck
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Double Bond Conversion ◽  
Nanohybrid Composite ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the degree of C=C double bond conversion of high-viscosity dimethacrylate- or ormocer-based bulk-fill composites as a function of measurement depth. Four bulk-fill composites (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, x-tra fil, SonicFill, and Bulk Ormocer) and the conventional nanohybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram were applied in standardized Class II cavities (n = 6 per group) and photoactivated for 20 s at 1350 mW/cm2. The degree of conversion of the composites was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy at seven measurement depths (0.15, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 mm). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). The investigated bulk-fill composites showed at least 80% of their maximum degree of conversion (80% DCmax) up to a measuring depth of at least 4 mm. Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill and Bulk Ormocer achieved more than 80% DCmax up to a measuring depth of 5 mm, x-tra fil up to 6 mm. The conventional nanohybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram achieved more than 80% DCmax up to 3 mm. In contrast to the conventional composite, the investigated ormocer- and dimethacrylate-based bulk-fill composites can be photo-polymerized in thick layers of up to at least 4 mm with regard to their degree of C=C double bond conversion.

scholarly journals Avaliação e proposta de monitoramento do estado de conservação de ambiente recifal costeiro do Estado da Paraíba, Brasil: contribuições para gestão ambiental

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 949-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Silva Lula Leite ◽  
George Emmanuel Cavalcanti de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Gelidiella Acerosa ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Canistrocarpus Cervicornis ◽  
One Way Anova

A urbanização nas zonas costeiras torna necessário avaliar o impacto antrópico sobre os ecossistemas associados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar temporalmente a dinâmica de populações de macroalgas com potencial bioindicador, estabelecendo-as como ferramenta para avaliação da saúde ambiental. Foi amostrado o ambiente recifal intertidal da Praia de Formosa, no Município de Cabedelo, Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil, durante intervalos trimestrais de agosto/2013 a novembro/2014. A variação temporal da frequência de ocorrência (F') das populações macrofitobênticas foi avaliada pela análise de variância (One-Way Anova) com teste Post-Hoc de Tukey. A influência das variáveis ambientais sobre F’ foi avaliada pela Correlação Linear de Pearson e pela PERMANOVA. A análise da qualidade ambiental e a proposta de biomonitoramento basearam-se no Grupo 1, formado por espécies perenes e/ou raras com maiores valores ao longo do Componente Principal 1 (CP1) da Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP), e Grupo 2, formado por espécies com comportamento errático com menores valores ao longo do CP1 da ACP. Foram encontradas 33 espécies macrofitobênticas. A frequência de ocorrência apresentou variação temporal, porém não influenciada pelo conjunto de variáveis ambientais. Phyllodictyon anastomosans, Gelidiella acerosa e Gelidium corneum compuseram o Grupo 1, com Dictyopteris delicatula, Canistrocarpus cervicornis e Hypnea spinella formando o Grupo 2. O Grupo 2 apresentou correlação positiva com a temperatura, alcançando as máximas frequências nos períodos mais quentes, mas esse fator isolado não é capaz de explicar a distribuição errática das espécies. A ocorrência de espécies bioindicadoras de eutrofização foi considerada natural, fato que, aliado à alta frequência de espécies bioindicadoras de qualidade ambiental, sugerem que o Recife de Formosa não sofre impactos antrópicos significativos. O desaparecimento de espécies perenes ou crescimento populacional significativo de espécie rara (Grupo 1), bem como a fuga do padrão temporal de frequência ou dominância do recife pelas espécies do Grupo 2, são indícios da ocorrência de impactos. Este trabalho fornece à gestão do Recife de Formosa uma eficiente ferramenta para avaliação do impacto urbano sobre a comunidade macrofitobêntica.

scholarly journals The Robusta coffee grounds residues to adsorb the heavy metal Lead (Pb) in the water

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum ◽  
Khoirul Ngibad ◽  
S.Pd Lilla Puji Lestari ◽  
Dessy Agustina Sari ◽  
Cahya Fajar Budi Hartanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Carbon ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Coffee Ground ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Ks Test

This paper has been published in IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Ser1i2e3s415161748(9200‘1’8“)”012058 Lead (Pb) were toxic. Lead found in pipes, batteries, paint, dyes ceramic glaze, gasoline, and final waste disposal. The robusta coffee grouds residues had high carbon, nitrogen etc which can adsorb heavy metal.The purpose of this study is to analyze the robusta coffee grounds residues to adsorb the Pb in the water. The method of this research is a True Experimental using completely randomized design (CRD) method. There were control groups (C) and three treatments groups (T1; T2;T3; 5gram/ litre; 8gram/ litre; 10gram/ litre) with six repetitions. The robusta coffee ground residues were contacted for 2 hours.Total samples were24 samples which analyzed each parameter of the Pb with Atomic Adsorption Spectophotometry Analysis. The results showed that the more coffee ground residues that are exposed, increasingly turbid. The KS test showed that data were a normal distribution (sig=0,324). One way ANOVA test; Turkey post Hoc showed that there was sig difference between the control and treatment (F=4,326, Sig= 0,017). There were sig difference between control and treatment 2 and 3 (Sig=0,019; Sig=0,038). Robusta coffee grounds residues can reuse to adsorb the Pb pollution in the water. It can be a solution for treating the lead pollution in the water because of it easy to the application.

scholarly journals Selected Goal – Scoring Characteristics in the National Hockey League

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-237
Author(s):  
Silvio Parničan ◽  
Pavol Peráček ◽  
Igor Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Ice Hockey ◽  
National Hockey League ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Game Situation ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Number Of Passes ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Location Zone

Summary The variables impacting the efficiency of the offensive phase of the game in ice hockey may be determining factor for both the training process and game strategies. The research aimed to acquire and expand the knowledge about selected goal-scoring characteristics in the National Hockey League. A total of 511 even-strength goals were recorded in 129 randomly selected games in a regular-season 2020/2021 by indirect observation. Goals were differentiated by selected variable dimensions: location of the offensive team’s puck possession gain before scoring a goal, game situation preceding a goal, and the number of passes of the offensive team preceding a goal. Data were analyzed by performing a one–way ANOVA. Post hoc multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey HSD test. The significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was used. Significant differences were found within all variable dimensions (p= 0.00001). In terms of the puck possession gain location, zone 1 (along the boards in the offensive zone) was the zone with the significantly highest mean score (p= 0.00305). Offensive zone play was significantly the game situation preceding most of the goals (p= 0.00000). The interval of the passes that preceded most of the recorded goals was the interval of 1 – 2 passes (p= 0.00000). Acquired results point out the dominance of particular variables and may help coaches to determine the content of the training process and game strategies. Based on the assumption of the realization of similar research in different environments in terms of the quality and age category, if the analogy would be found between the results of the present study and the results of potential studies, we can state the trends applicable to youth training.

scholarly journals CREATININE AND CREATINE KINASE RATIO IN BLOOD OF DIFFERENT BODY TYPES - A NEW APPROACH.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Pritha Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Creatine Kinase Level ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Purpose: The inconsistencies and variations of creatine kinase level due to modifiable and non-modifiable factors were the basis of this study. The aim was to find out the relationships between creatinine and creatine kinase in the blood of somatotypes.    Methods: The 122 males, aged 10 to 20 years, were classified according to their somatotypes. Somatotypes were measured by the ISAK method. By standard laboratory methods, creatinine and creatine kinase estimate. The IBM SPSS version 24 is used for calculation. One way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests was performed to compare the variables among the three groups (p<0.05).   Results: Creatinine level in the blood insignificantly deferred among the three somatotypes. The significant differences (p<0.05) were found in creatine kinase level in the blood and creatinine/creatine kinase ratio among the three dominant Somatotypes. Creatine Kinase was significantly higher in Ectomorphs (212 U/L) than Endomorphs. Ectomorphs and mesomorphs have crossed normal creatine kinase levels (35 -175 U/L). The creatinine/creatine kinase ratio was found highest in endomorphs and lowest in the ectomorphs and significantly differed in three Somatotypes.   Conclusion: Creatinine production remains the same, indicating production of Creatinine is independent of specific body types. A significant higher Creatine Kinase level in Ectomorphs over Endomorphs showed fat content was not associated with it. Significant differences in Creatinine / Creatine Kinase ratio among Somatotypes suggested its relevance between cellular and morphological relationships and might uses as biomarkers. 

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