scholarly journals MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF FERULIC ACID AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE MEDIUM PARAMETERS USING FRACTIONAL FACTORIAL DESIGN

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Swati P Bhavsar
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Standard Culture

Phenolics are widely distributed in plant kingdom and are therefore, an integral part of the diet, with significant amounts being reported in vegetables, fruits, and beverages. Various phenolic compounds have attracted the attention of food and medical scientists because of their fragrance, aroma, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and ability to combat human diseases. Of these, Ferulic Acid (FA), a hydroxy cinnamic acid (related to trans-cinnamic acid), being natural, is of great demand in the food industry. As a component of lignin, FA is a precursor in the manufacture of other aromatic compounds. In our study, FA was produced using Lactobacillus spp. isolates and standard culture of Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014. FA was extracted and partially characterized using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Absorption maxima (λm) analysis and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Further, optimization of the fermentation medium was done using Factorial Fractional Design (FFD). Preliminary confirmation of the extracted FA was done using TLC, spectral analysis and purity assessed by HPLC. FA could be produced using Lactobacillus sp. and agro industrial waste viz., wheat bran, leading to a cost-effective protocol and product. Further, medium was optimized for the production of FA using FFD and it was observed that medium containing5.75% Wheat bran & 0.18% Tween 80 is optimum for the production of FA. The antimicrobial activity of FA was noteworthy against Aspergillus flavus and E. coli.

scholarly journals One-step fermentation for producing xylo-oligosaccharides from wheat bran by recombinant Escherichia coli containing an alkaline xylanase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawen Liu ◽  
Cong Liu ◽  
Shilei Qiao ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Di Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolase Family ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Response Surface Optimization ◽  
One Step

Abstract One-step fermentation is a cheap way to produce xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS), where production of xylanases and XOS is integrated into a single process. In spite of having cost advantage, one-step fermentation is still short in yield so far due to the limited exploration. To cope with this issue, production of XOS from wheat bran by recombinant Escherichia coli through one-step fermentation was investigated here. A xylanase gene belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 11 of Bacillus agaradhaerens was employed to construct recombinant E. coli. This xylanase showed maximal activity at 60°C and pH 8.0. Its activity retained more than 60% after incubation at 70°C for 4 hours, showing a good stability. The recombinant E. coli successfully secreted xylanases that directly hydrolyzed wheat bran to XOS in fermentation medium. The generated XOS consisted of xylose, xylobiose and xylotriose accounting for 23.1%, 37.3% and 39.6%, respectively. Wheat bran concentration was found to be the most crucial factor affecting XOS production. The yield reached 5.3 mg/mL at 10% of wheat bran, which is higher than previous reports employing one-step fermentation. Nitrogen source type could also affect XOS yield by changing extracellular xylanase activity, and glycine was found to be the best one for fermentation. Optimal fermentation conditions were finally studied by response surface optimization. The maximal yield emerged at 44.3°C, pH 7.98, which is affected by characteristics of the xylanase and growth conditions of E. coli. This work indicates that the integrated fermentation using recombinant E. coli is highly competitive in cost and yield for production of XOS.

scholarly journals Taxonomic study of some species of the subfamily Dipsacoideae Eaton (Caprifoliaceae) by phenolic acid profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ebadi ◽  
Rosa Eftekharian ◽  
Sedighe Nikzat ◽  
Saeed Mollaei
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Phenolic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Dipsacoideae has always been problematic for taxonomic delimitation of the taxa because of their morphological similarities and diversity amongst the taxa. Phenolic compounds are found in various organs of plants and are important in terms of chemotaxonomy and pharmacognosy. In this study, the phenolic acid compounds of 12 species of Dipsacoideae were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) and also evaluated their significances as chemotaxonomic markers. The main phenolic acids were found to be caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and salicylic acid. The principal components analysis (PCA) bi-plot indicated that ferulic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid and rosmaric acid were principal components in the studied species dispersion. The species were separated from each other in a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot in terms of their phenolic acid profile. Regarding the results, the high amount of caffeic acid and cinnamic acid could be considered a chemotaxonomic marker for genus Pterocephalus Vaill. and Cephalaria Schrad. respectively. The results indicated that Scabiosa koelzii Rech. and S. amoena Jacq. were placed as a distinct group regarding their phenolic acid profile and established the opinion supported by Greuter and Raus. Consequently, phenolic contents could be applied as a significant marker in the chemotaxonomy of Dipsacoideae. Considering it, we suggest the study of interaction among ecological and genetically factors as well as the studied chemical compounds.

scholarly journals A refined medium to enhance the antimicrobial activity of postbiotic produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS5

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
May Foong Ooi ◽  
Hooi Ling Foo ◽  
Teck Chwen Loh ◽  
Rosfarizan Mohamad ◽  
Raha Abdul Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fractional Factorial Design ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
The Cost ◽  
De Man ◽  
Central Composite

AbstractPostbiotic RS5, produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS5, has been identified as a promising alternative feed supplement for various livestock. This study aimed to lower the production cost by enhancing the antimicrobial activity of the postbiotic RS5 by improving the culture density of L. plantarum RS5 and reducing the cost of growth medium. A combination of conventional and statistical-based approaches (Fractional Factorial Design and Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology) was employed to develop a refined medium for the enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of postbiotic RS5. A refined medium containing 20 g/L of glucose, 27.84 g/L of yeast extract, 5.75 g/L of sodium acetate, 1.12 g/L of Tween 80 and 0.05 g/L of manganese sulphate enhanced the antimicrobial activity of postbiotic RS5 by 108%. The cost of the production medium was reduced by 85% as compared to the commercially available de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium that is typically used for Lactobacillus cultivation. Hence, the refined medium has made the postbiotic RS5 more feasible and cost-effective to be adopted as a feed supplement for various livestock industries.

scholarly journals Potential of PHA Accumulation in Escherichia Coli, Bacillus Subtilis and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Cultured on Agro-Industrial Byproducts

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 950-954
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Cane Molasses ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dry Cell Weight

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are type of natural polymers which are synthesized by different microorganisms to increase their survival rate during environmental change or stress conditions. The biodegradable polymers are an alternative solution to non-renewable petroleum derived plastics. The aim of this study is to produce PHAs by Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agro and industrial waste such as wheat bran and cane molasses. In this work, the effect of different media on each bacterium was studied. The optimum environmental condition that supported the PHA production by the three strains was inoculum concentration of 8%, pH 7.0 and temperature of 30°C. The medium was fermented for five days in orbital shaker. Each day samples were collected and analyzed. Dry cell weight and PHA accumulated was observed for each of the bacteria. On the basis of data obtained in the present work, compared to B. subtilis and E. coli, P. aeruginosa was capable to accumulate 70.27% of PHA by using Cane molasses and Wheat bran as substrate. This could be employed for industrial application after subsequent optimization of the conditions of PHA synthesis. The present study explored the potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to produce cost-effective PHA as an alternative to petroleum based plastics

scholarly journals The commonness and difference among the Lactobacillus feruloyl esterases expressed in Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenshang Xu ◽  
Jian Kong ◽  
Susu Zhang ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Xinli Liu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Feruloyl Esterase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
One Step ◽  
Feruloyl Esterases ◽  
Extracellular Environment ◽  
Extracellular Activity

Abstract Background: Construction of recombinant Escherichia coli strains carrying feruloyl esterase genes for secretory expression offers an attractive way to facilitate enzyme purification and one-step produce ferulic acid from agricultural waste. It was found that the Lactobacillus crispatus feruloyl esterase could be secreted into extracellular environment of E. coli. Whether other Lactobacillus feruloyl esterases share the same secretory characteristic is worth investigation.Results: A total of ten feruloyl esterases derived from nine Lactobacillus species were used to analyze their commonness and compare their difference when heterologously expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). Extracellular activity determination showed all these Lactobacillus feruloyl esterases could be secreted out of E. coli cells. However, protein analysis indicated that they could be classified as three types. The first type presented a low secretion level, including feruloyl esterases derived from Lb. acidophilus and Lb. johnsonii. The second type showed a high secretion level, including feruloyl esterases derived from Lb. amylovorus, Lb. crispatus, Lb. gasseri and Lb. helveticus. The third type also behaved a high secretion level but easy degradation, including feruloyl esterases derived from Lb. farciminis, Lb. fermentum and Lb. reuteri. Moreover, these recombinant E. coli strains could directly release ferulic acid from de-starched wheat bran. Conclusions: Recombinant E. coli strains expressing feruloyl esterase of Lb. amylovorus, Lb. crispatus and Lb. helveticus displayed high secretion level and stable extracellular activity. Furthermore, the highest yield of ferulic acid was 140 µg on the basis of 0.1 g de-starched wheat bran after 72 h cultivation of E. coli expressing Lb. amylovorus feruloyl esterase. These results provided a solid basis for the production of feruloyl esterase and ferulic acid.

Mineral/microfibrillated cellulose composite materials: High performance products, applications, and product forms

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Skuse ◽  
Mark Windebank ◽  
Tafadzwa Motsi ◽  
Guillaume Tellier
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
Product Forms ◽  
Cellulose Composite

When pulp and minerals are co-processed in aqueous suspension, the mineral acts as a grinding aid, facilitating the cost-effective production of fibrils. Furthermore, this processing allows the utilization of robust industrial milling equipment. There are 40000 dry metric tons of mineral/microfbrillated (MFC) cellulose composite production capacity in operation across three continents. These mineral/MFC products have been cleared by the FDA for use as a dry and wet strength agent in coated and uncoated food contact paper and paperboard applications. We have previously reported that use of these mineral/MFC composite materials in fiber-based applications allows generally improved wet and dry mechanical properties with concomitant opportunities for cost savings, property improvements, or grade developments and that the materials can be prepared using a range of fibers and minerals. Here, we: (1) report the development of new products that offer improved performance, (2) compare the performance of these new materials with that of a range of other nanocellulosic material types, (3) illustrate the performance of these new materials in reinforcement (paper and board) and viscosification applications, and (4) discuss product form requirements for different applications.

Parallel Computing for Tire Simulations

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Surendranath ◽  
M. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Parallel Solvers ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Highly Nonlinear

Abstract Over the last few decades, finite element analysis has become an integral part of the overall tire design process. Engineers need to perform a number of different simulations to evaluate new designs and study the effect of proposed design changes. However, tires pose formidable simulation challenges due to the presence of highly nonlinear rubber compounds, embedded reinforcements, complex tread geometries, rolling contact, and large deformations. Accurate simulation requires careful consideration of these factors, resulting in the extensive turnaround time, often times prolonging the design cycle. Therefore, it is extremely critical to explore means to reduce the turnaround time while producing reliable results. Compute clusters have recently become a cost effective means to perform high performance computing (HPC). Distributed memory parallel solvers designed to take advantage of compute clusters have become increasingly popular. In this paper, we examine the use of HPC for various tire simulations and demonstrate how it can significantly reduce simulation turnaround time. Abaqus/Standard is used for routine tire simulations like footprint and steady state rolling. Abaqus/Explicit is used for transient rolling and hydroplaning simulations. The run times and scaling data corresponding to models of various sizes and complexity are presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document