scholarly journals Application of Vegetation Indexes to Assess the Condition of Crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
R. K. Kurbanov ◽  
N. I. Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Farming System ◽  
The State ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Vegetation Indexes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Key Indicators

Monitoring of the state of agricultural crops and forecasting the crops development begin with aerial photography using a unmanned aerial vehicles and a multispectral camera. Vegetation indexes are selected empirically and calculated as a result of operations with values of diff erent spectral wavelengths. When assessing the state of crops, especially in breeding, it is necessary to determine the limiting factors for the use of vegetation indexes.(Research purpose) To analyze, evaluate and select vegetation indexes for conducting operational, high-quality and comprehensive monitoring of the state of crops and the formation of optimal management decisions.(Materials and Methods) The authors studied the results of scientifi c research in the fi eld of remote sensing technology using unmanned aerial vehicles and multispectral cameras, as well as the experience of using vegetation indexes to assess the condition of crops in the precision farming system. The limiting factors for the vegetation indexes research were determined: a limited number of monochrome cameras in popular multispectral cameras; key indicators for monitoring crops required by agronomists. After processing aerial photographs from an unmanned aerial vehicle, a high-precision orthophotomap, a digital fi eld model, and maps of vegetation indexes were created.(Results and discussion) More than 150 vegetation indexes were found. Not all of them were created through observation and experimentation. The authors considered broadband vegetation indexes to assess the status of crops in the fi elds. They analyzed the vegetation indexes of soybean and winter wheat crops in the main phases of vegetation.(Conclusions) The authors found that each vegetative index had its own specifi c scope, limiting factors and was used both separately and in combination with other indexes. When calculating the vegetation indexes for practical use, it was recommended to be guided by the technical characteristics of multispectral cameras and took into account the index use eff ectiveness at various vegetation stages.

Environmental Monitoring of the Waste Disposal Sites with the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.N. Sliusar ◽  
G.M. Batrakova
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
The State ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Negative Impacts

The possibilities of using unmanned aerial vehicles for visual inspection of waste disposal facilities, including closed objects, are considered. Examples of the results of processing aerial photographs for assessing the achievement of design elevation marks of disposal sites, the state of the reclaimed surface of objects, and the identification of negative impacts on adjacent territories are presented. The experience of applying aerial survey results to assess the state of waste disposal facilities during the aftercare period, to obtain objective and evident information about changes in the components of the environment in the adjacent territories.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ‘in service’ of Internal Security of the State

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Renata Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Training Courses

The study was created thanks to the author’s preferences to learn increasingly more about new technologies that are able to increase the potential of internal security of the state. Recently, interest in recording areas (difficult to access, dangerous, monitored in adverse weather conditions, monitored due to the implementation of tasks by relevant services), the development of methods enabling the transmission of various materials at a distance, and performing other complicated activities have increased. For this purpose, unmanned aerial vehicles (so-called drones, UAVs) that are versatile in many respects are used. The author noticed the need to disseminate such innovative devices on native soil, especially for using them in multidirectional strengthening of the security sphere. Polish companies producing UAVs for many foreign customers have already marked their presence in this matter. The achievements of the designers are so impressive that it makes us appreciate the development of our technical thought, and above all, the use of drones to ensure security and public order in Poland. A series of training courses is already conducted by the Police Academy in Szczytno, which is a good solution both for teachers and, above all, for the trainees themselves. Such an initiative will undoubtedly translate into increased interest in drones, and especially the incredible usefulness of these devices for uniformed services and other entities.

ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF THE PROVISION OF DRONES THAT WERE CREATED DURING THE COURSE OF THE ANTI-TERRORIST OPERATION IN THE EAST OF UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
R. Koltsov ◽  
P. Vaniyev ◽  
D. Indutniy
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Source Materials

The article presents the analysis of unmanned aerial vehicles that were created during the conduct of the anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine. The article is based on the description of the features of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in eastern Ukraine. The article also discusses the advantages of using unmanned aerial vehicles when performing combat missions. The leading concepts of creating unmanned aerial vehicles and a set of factors that determine the success of providing unmanned aerial vehicles with the Armed Forces of Ukraine are defined. The experience of using and providing unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned aviation complexes during anti-terrorist operation in eastern Ukraine was generalized. Ways to improve the traditional methods of creating unmanned aerial vehicles and identify for which tasks unmanned aerial vehicles were used during the anti-terrorist operation. The article describes the types of unmanned aerial complexes used in the area of anti-terrorist operation by Ukrainian military, special forces and guards. As a result of the research the peculiarities of determining operational-tactical requirements for unmanned aerial vehicles for their effective use in the east of Ukraine are revealed. The rational ways of creation of unmanned aerial vehicles for their use in the interests of combat use are offered. The starting point for the analysis was some recent publications on the creation and use of drones for military purposes and guidance documents. The source materials were checked for compliance with the criteria set out in the guidance documents.

scholarly journals A decision-making framework for safe operations of unmanned aerial vehicles in urban scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Marcos Quiñones ◽  
Timothy Darrah ◽  
Gautam Biswas ◽  
Chetan Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Trajectory Optimization ◽  
Contingency Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Number Of Factors

This paper presents a decision-making scheme at the level of individual unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with the goal of maintaining safe operations for urban mobility. The decision-making approach for a single UAV will consider the risks associated with the current trajectory given the existing environmental conditions and the state of the vehicle. The proposed scheme combines the analysis of system performance, environmental conditions, and mission level parameters for contingency management, i.e., make a determination on: (1) to abort mission and land safely; (2) re-plan current mission in full or abbreviated form; and (3) change mission.  A path planning and trajectory optimization algorithm with the goal of minimizing the overall risk of mission failure by considering a number of factors such as the uncertainties in the environment and operating state of the vehicle is proposed. We will consider the mission failure as the loss of control of the vehicle resulting in a collision with other objects or a crash into the ground. An offline part of the framework generates an initial mission plan by considering the state of the vehicle, the environmental, conditions, and the static features of a map of the environment. Once the vehicle takes off, the risk of mission’ failure associated with the remaining trajectory is re-computed in an online framework to assess whether re-planning is required or not. A key challenge that we consider in this paper is to study the effects of multiple interacting subsystems of the UAV on system performance, especially under degraded conditions.

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Operational Monitoring of Landfills

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Timofey Filkin ◽  
Natalia Sliusar ◽  
Marco Ritzkowski ◽  
Marion Huber-Humer
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Landfill Management ◽  
Visually Based ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills

This study justifies the prospect of using aerial imagery from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for technological monitoring and operational control of municipal solid waste landfills. It presents the results of surveys (aerial imagery) of a number of Russian landfills, which were carried out using low-cost drones equipped with standard RGB cameras. In the processing of aerial photographs, both photogrammetric data processing algorithms (for constructing orthophotoplans of objects and 3D modeling) and procedures for thematic interpretation of photo images were used. Thematic interpretation was carried out based on lists of requirements for the operating landfills (the lists were compiled on the basis of current legislative acts). Thus, this article proposes framework guidelines for the complex technological monitoring of landfills using relatively simple means of remote control. It shows that compliance with most of the basic requirements for landfill operations, which are listed in both Russian and foreign regulation, can be controlled by unmanned aerial imagery. Thus, all of the main technological operations involving waste at landfills (placement, compaction, intermediate isolation) are able to be controlled remotely; as well as compliance with most of the design and planning requirements associated with the presence and serviceability of certain engineering systems and structures (collection systems for leachate and surface wastewater, etc.); and the state of the landfill body. Cases where the compliance with operating standards cannot be monitored remotely are also considered. It discusses the advantages of air imagery in comparison with space imagery (detail of images, operational efficiency), as well as in comparison with ground inspections (speed, personnel safety). It is shown that in many cases, interpreting the obtained aerial photographs for technological monitoring tasks does not require special image processing and can be performed visually. Based on the analysis of the available world experience, as well as the results of the study, it was concluded that unmanned aerial imagery has great potential for solving problems of waste landfill management.

scholarly journals The Status of Earth Observation Techniques in Monitoring High Mountain Environments at the Example of Pasterze Glacier, Austria: Data, Methods, Accuracies, Processes, and Scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Avian ◽  
Christian Bauer ◽  
Matthias Schlögl ◽  
Barbara Widhalm ◽  
Karl-Heinz Gutjahr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Mountain Environments ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High ◽  
Geomorphic Processes

Earth observation offers a variety of techniques for monitoring and characterizing geomorphic processes in high mountain environments. Terrestrial laserscanning and unmanned aerial vehicles provide very high resolution data with high accuracy. Automatic cameras have become a valuable source of information—mostly in a qualitative manner—in recent years. The availability of satellite data with very high revisiting time has gained momentum through the European Space Agency’s Sentinel missions, offering new application potential for Earth observation. This paper reviews the status of recent techniques such as terrestrial laserscanning, remote sensed imagery, and synthetic aperture radar in monitoring high mountain environments with a particular focus on the impact of new platforms such as Sentinel-1 and -2 as well as unmanned aerial vehicles. The study area comprises the high mountain glacial environment at the Pasterze Glacier, Austria. The area is characterized by a highly dynamic geomorphological evolution and by being subject to intensive scientific research as well as long-term monitoring. We primarily evaluate landform classification and process characterization for: (i) the proglacial lake; (ii) icebergs; (iii) the glacier river; (iv) valley-bottom processes; (v) slope processes; and (vi) rock wall processes. We focus on assessing the potential of every single method both in spatial and temporal resolution in characterizing different geomorphic processes. Examples of the individual techniques are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively in the context of: (i) morphometric analysis; (ii) applicability in high alpine regions; and (iii) comparability of the methods among themselves. The final frame of this article includes considerations on scale dependent process detectability and characterization potentials of these Earth observation methods, along with strengths and limitations in applying these methods in high alpine regions.

STUDY OF THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR USING UAVs

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (30) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
A. A. Gorelova ◽  
◽  
A. S. Kostin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article discusses the main provisions of the legislation on registration and rules for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the Russian Federation. The principles of establishing modes of use of the airspace are described, the state divisions that regulate the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the country are noted.

PATENTS ON WARHEADS OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Maciej Miszczak
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Foreign Patent ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents results of scrutinising through foreign patent publications on warheads integrated in wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) concerning especially the types and designs of warheads and their location against the onboard systems of recognition and target guidance and also against the systems controlling the status and operation of warheads. The review and analysis of patent publications was completed by a selection of patent descriptions [2-11] of 10 inventions on the subject matter committed in Israel, Germany, USA and UK between 1979 and 2011.

scholarly journals Exploring the Potential Utility of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Practical Bridge Inspection in Louisiana

2019 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Paul Darby ◽  
William Hollerman ◽  
John Miller
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The State ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Bridge Inspection ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Insight Into

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), especially those allowing programmed flight paths, with stops and hovering, e.g. the quad and hex rotor drones, have gathered attention in recently for as their potential use in certain envisioned applications that may be difficult, expensive, or dangerous to do manually. One poignant use case important to the State of Louisiana is that of bridge inspection. In the Lafayette District of LADOTD alone, more than 1600 bridges require annual inspection. In this paper, considerations and criteria important UAV-based bridge inspection in Louisiana are researched and analyzed; experiments with actual UAVs are conducted, and findings provide insight into the problem and potential solutions. The conclusion recommends further research items.

scholarly journals Legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 190-200
Author(s):  
Serhii Khalymon ◽  
Svitlana Hrynko ◽  
Valentyn Zolka ◽  
Ruslan Hrynko ◽  
Nataliya Volynets
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Border Surveillance

The goal of the article is to develop proposals for the improvement of the existing normative legal documents regulating UAVs application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine. The research methods have been selected based on the goal and tasks of the research. A complex of general scientific and special-scientific methods has been used in the process of the research. In particular, the use of comparative and formal-logical methods made it possible to investigate the evolution of legal regulation of UAVs application by the law enforcement agencies and military formations in Ukraine. The logical and legal method has been used for the development, argumentation and determination of the directions of improving the legal regulation of UAVs application in the process of the state border surveillance. The article reveals the proposals for the improvement of the existing normative legal documents regulating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine. It is concluded that UAVs application is effective in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine, since information obtained with the help of these aerial vehicles allows to effectively and rapidly establish facts of the state border violation and detain its violators.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document