Research of quality of production of the key connections basic units

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Anatoliy T. Lebedev ◽  
Roman V. Pavlyuk ◽  
Anton V. Zakharin ◽  
Pavel A. Lebedev ◽  
Nikolay A. Mar’in
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Stress Concentrator ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The Law

When considering the work of key connections with broken geometry of the working surfaces of the units, we can observe that often the key is not properly fixed in the groove of the shaft and sleeve and when rotating the coupling, it skews and perceives the transmitted torque unevenly at some point, which is a stress concentrator. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to increase the durability of keyways by preventing failures through quality control of the manufacture of their basic units. (Materials and methods) Authors have noted that the standard keyway has three fitments: "shaft-hub", "shaft-keyway" and "hub-keyway". It was shown that in these couplings the manufacturer provided gaps of various sizes for the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the connection, directly affecting the performance and durability of the connection as a whole. The geometric dimensions of keyway coupling were monitored by contact method using electronic micrometers MCC-25, MCC-50 and MCC-75 to measure the width of the keys and the diameter of the shafts and indicator nutromers NI-18 and NI-50 with an indicator head 1IG for keyways and internal diameters of pulleys. (Results and discussion) It has been revealed that the dispersion of the tolerance fields of the key width coincides with the law of normal distribution. It was found the presence of defects in width in the supplied keys, the value of which reached 15 percent. It was determined that the technical requirements for hardness and roughness corresponded to GOST 23360-78. It was noticed when checking the diametrical dimensions of the coupling "shaft-sleeve" the presence of deviations from the technical conditions, which during assembly can lead to the formation of a large gap in the keyway coupling. (Conclusions) Performed theoretical and experimental studies have allowed to establish the probability of obtaining gaps and tightness in common key coupling.

The Performance and Quality Control of Diesel Engine Components

1965 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 673-688
Author(s):  
R. Towell
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Piston Rings ◽  
Injection Equipment ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
Engine Components

This paper outlines methods developed to control the quality of incoming materials and finished components with emphasis on the performance that is ultimately required from them. The examples given are taken from diesel engineering but the basic ideas apply to all industries whose final products consist of an assembly of components which are complete in themselves. The quality control of materials and components fills an important role in ensuring that the technical requirements written into a specification by a designer are met by suppliers. The author outlines various techniques developed in his company to achieve this. The paper has two main sections: ( a) quality control of incoming materials, and ( b) performance control of components. The first part deals with the controls established for cast-iron components of various sizes ranging from bedplates and columns weighing about 20 tons to piston rings weighing less than one pound. Ultrasonic testing is briefly discussed as also is the material specification for white metal bearings. The second part of the paper gives examples of performance testing of a number of diesel engine components together with brief details of some of the test rigs that have been developed to carry out the tests. Some of the components discussed in this section are piston rings, crankshafts, camshafts, cams, and fuel injection equipment.

scholarly journals AN ANAEROBIC-AEROBIC BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER AT THE LOW-PRODUCTIVITY PLANT

2020 ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
L.A. Fesik ◽  
◽  
N.V. Sorokina ◽  
E.А. Geraskina ◽  
T.S. Airapetian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Biological Purification ◽  
The Law

Abstract. The urgency of the problem of local biological treatment of domestic wastewater from housing in non-canalized areas with improving the quality of treated wastewater to the level of requirements for discharge into fishery bodies of water is considered. The analysis of the state of local wastewater treatment is given. Existing technological schemes and methods of local sewage, which are used for sewage treatment, are considered. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of a complex of a local anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment of domestic wastewater from housing in non-canalized areas at the low-productivity plants are presented. The results of theoretical and experimental researches of complex of local anaerobic-aerobic biological purification of domestic wastewater of habitation in non-canalized areas at the low-productivity plants are given. On the basis of the analysis of work and embodiment of low-productivity plants, used in home and foreign practice of local treatment of domestic wastewater the expediency of application flowing multistage anaerobic-aerobic biological purification of domestic wastewater with use of communities of attached and free-swimming microorganisms is shown. The proposed low-productivity plant, which includes a three-stage aerobic biological treatment of anaerobically treated wastewater is described. The use of ruff fillers for the retention of hydrobionts gives the opportunity to clear salvo discharge, rapid restoration of the activity of the ruff fillers (for example, in power outages). The ruff fillers make it possible to organize an appropriate trophic chain of hydrobionts, which dramatically reduces the amount of excess biomass and the removal of suspensions in treated wastewater. Using the experiments in laboratory conditions and at real industrial treatment plant of a new design there were received parameters of work of stages of anaerobic and aerobic biological purification, the law of nitrification and denitrification processes, the law of specific speed of oxidation of organic pollution in specific conditions of anaerobic-aerobic technology; the opportunity of reception of quality of treated wastewater at the level of the requirements of the specifications for dump of drains in fishing reservoirs is proved.

EXPANSION OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HARROWING UNIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (142) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Slepenkov ◽  
◽  
Sergey Kulinchenko ◽  
Sergey Shchitov ◽  
Evgeniy Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Processing ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Priority Direction

Improving the quality of pre-sowing tillage is a priority direction. Harrowing with the use of heavy disc harrows is one of the operations of pre-sowing tillage. An important task when using heavy disc harrows is to ensure sufficient load on the working body. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in increasing the efficiency of the harrowing process by adjusting the coupling weight in the tractor-harrow link using special devices. (Materials and methods) It is important to match the necessary condition of balance between the load on the working body and the traction qualities of the tractor with a low load-bearing capacity of the soil. The article describes a regulator of the coupling weight of the harrowing unit, for which was applied a patent. The article presents the general types of connection of the device with the disk harrow frame. (Results and discussion) The proposed device allows you to redistribute the weight of the unit, thereby automatically changing the load on the working body. Authors performed experimental studies on the influence of the main design parameters of the devices on the operation of the machine and tractor unit. (Conclusions) The proposed device allows, by expanding the design and technological parameters, to regulate the depth of processing, traction characteristics and speed of the harrowing unit.

scholarly journals SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF TILLAGE RINK

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Иван Шаронов ◽  
Ivan Sharonov ◽  
Владимир Курдюмов ◽  
Vladimir Kurdyumov ◽  
Виктор Курушин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Content Structure ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Crops Yield ◽  
Specific Metal

The purpose of research is improving the quality of surface tillage during sowing of winter crops and, as a result, crops yield increasing. Quality compacting soil tillage rinks affect its physical and mechanical properties, such as moisture content, structure, and density, optimum value of which is regulated agronomic requirements for cultivation of specific agricultural crops. These properties affect the quality of seeding and water-air regime of the soil. Therefore, when conducting experimental studies, moisture content, structure, and soil density was controlled to optimize parameters and modes of operation of the rink to bring the above soil properties in compliance with agro-technical requirements. The quality of soil the proposed rink was assessed in comparison with existing rinks. The criterion of quality was the factor of conformity to the standard kcs, which characterizes the compliance of the density and structure of the soil reference values established by the agrotechnical requirements. The result of the research revealed that the maximum value of kcs = 0.84 is achieved at a speed ofv = 11 km/h and the ballast mass m = 78 kg. After tillage rinks seeder the factor of conformity to the standard kcs = 0.68; after soil tillage the existing rink kcs = 0.71; and after the processing of the proposed soil-cultivating rink the factor of conformity to the standard amounted to kcs = 0.84, which is significantly higher than after soil tillage of existing rink. While the specific metal content of the proposed ice rink will not exceed 116 kg per 1 m of width, which is 2.4 times less than that of the rink 3CCH-6 (283.6 kg/m).

scholarly journals THE QUALITY CONTROL OF PLATED-THROUGH HOLES OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS BY PULSED LASER HEATING

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (65) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav A. Sergeev ◽  
◽  
Maksim Y. Salnikov ◽  
Azat M. Nizametdinov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Ir Camera ◽  
Printed Circuit

The article gives a brief overview of standard methods of quality control and defect diagnostics of plated-through holes (PTH) of printed circuit boards (PCB) and considers their main disadvantages. It scrutinizes the methods of thermal control, which are reduced to PTH heating and monitoring the temperature. The main disadvantage of common methods is that they require a contact during heating the PTH and temperature measurement, which leads to significant errors and low reliability of control. The article describes a non-contact method involving heating only one side of the PTH by a laser beam and non-contact temperature measurement of the PTH ends by an IR camera. The authors propose a thermal equivalent scheme of PTH to analyze the transient thermal processes in PTH, which takes into account the heat removal from the plating of PTH into the PCB material. It is shown that the quality of plating can be estimated by the temperature difference between the upper (heated) and lower ends of the PTH, and the quality of adhesion between PTH plating and the PCB material can be estimated by the ratio of temperature increments. The article describes peculiarities of this method and gives the results of its testing on a real sample.

Quality Control Measures of the 400-Meter Standard Runway Plastic Surface

2013 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 1001-1005
Author(s):  
Li Jun Yin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Plastic Surface ◽  
Surface Construction

The 400-meter standard plastic runway construction included the construction of multiple itemized construction process, the plastic surface is a very important process, and its quality has a direct impact on the use of performance. This paper combined engineering practice, and focuses on the construction process and the technical requirements of the plastic surface, summed up in the plastic surface construction quality control measures to guarantee the whole quality of the plastic surface.

scholarly journals Methodology for Preparation of Audit Entities to External Control of the Quality of Audit Services

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-130
Author(s):  
О. Ye. Lubenchenko ◽  
А. V. Lysiuk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Control System ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quality Control System ◽  
External Control ◽  
The Law ◽  
Quality Controller

The requirements to the system of control over the quality of audit services are analyzed, which are specified in the Law of Ukraine “Audit of Financial Statements and Auditing” from 21.12.2017 No 2258-VIII; Directive of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine “Approval of the Procedure for Inspection of the Quality Control of Audit Services” from 29.08.2019 No 362; Resolution of the Council for Supervision over Auditing at the State Institution “The Body of Public Supervision over Auditing” from 30.08.2019 No 6/7/13 “Information Questionnaire of Auditing Entity”. It is demonstrated that the quality control system requires corrections of the following: responsibilities of administration and staff of auditing entities for use of the adopted intra-firm provisions on the quality control system, requirements of ISQC1, IAS, the Law of Ukraine “Audit of Financial Statements and Auditing”; the requirements to staff (quality controller, reviewer, assignment partner); identification of threats to the independence and the auditor’s response on the assessed threats; the requirements to reviews of complaints, complicated issues; issues related with non-stop professional training of auditors. Special attention of auditors need to be drawn to the fact that the policies and procedures of the quality control system do not have to be confined to the audit of financial statements, but have to apply to other assignments on giving confidence and related auditor services. Besides that, assessment of threats to the independence has to be conducted for non-auditor services specified in Article 6 of the aforementioned Law of Ukraine. The studies conducted by the author allowed to elaborate procedures for quality control of auditor services; measures to stimulate staff of auditing entities to scrutinize requirements to implementation of the quality control system; obligating documents of auditing firms on assessment of ethical threats; sharing of duties among assignment group members; requirements to qualification of the key partner, quality controller; identification of auditor assignments; solutions of complicated issues and their documenting,  measures on control of the assignment at the final phase and quality control of the assignment. The proposed measures are supposed to help auditing entities revise the already operating quality control systems in a timely manner, which will facilitate supply of high quality information to all the users of auditing reports, external quality controllers from the Body of Public Supervision over Auditing and the Auditor Chamber of Ukraine.

Use of contactless methods and means for checking the quality of agricultural machinery spare parts

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Dmitriy M. Skorokhodov ◽  
Konstantin A. Krasnyashchikh ◽  
Aleksey S. Sviridov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Technical Parameters

Quality control of spare parts of agricultural machinery has now acquired significant relevance, which is due to the presence of a large share of low-quality products on the market. The use of low-quality spare parts increases the risk of failure of the equipment in use, which lead to its downtime and financial losses of the agricultural producer, which is highly undesirable in the modern realities of the domestic agricultural industry. Contactless methods and tools for quality control of spare parts will improve the accuracy and productivity of control. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing a device that allows to control the geometric, physical and mechanical parameters of spare parts, the use of which should increase the performance and accuracy of control due to a comprehensive non-contact method of measuring spare parts. (Materials and methods) Authors applied a non-contact triangulation method for controlling geometric parameters and a X-ray fluorescence method for controlling physical and mechanical parameters. (Results and discussion) The article presents the devices that are closest in technical parameters and based on them an automated measuring device using methods and means that allows controlling the geometric, physical and mechanical parameters of the object. The article presents the principle of operation and functions of an automated measuring device. The article describes the factors that affect the control process by an automated measuring device. (Conclusions) It was found that the use of contactless methods and quality control tools for spare parts of agricultural machinery could improve the accuracy and productivity of control and eliminate the influence of human factors on the measurement process. Timely quality control of spare parts of agricultural machinery using an automated measuring device will allow to identify low-quality or counterfeit spare parts before installation on the repaired equipment, which will reduce the risk of failures of agricultural machinery.

Restoration of parts from heat-resistant steels by arc surfacing in conditions of high humidity

2020 ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Viktor S. Drizhov
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Heat Resistant ◽  
Deposited Metal ◽  
Thermal Influence ◽  
Heat Resistant Steels

The main technological processes for restoring parts are welding surfacing processes. The reliability of restored parts is usually determined by the quality of the welded joint. The quality of the deposited metal is influenced by hydrogen, but the effect of hydrogen on destruction during reheating has not been sufficiently studied. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the effect of increased hydrogen content on the resistance of the deposited metal to destruction during heat treatment. (Materials and methods) The studies were performed on small-sized samples made of heat-resistant 15Kh24MFA and 15Kh1N1F steel. The prepared samples were applied with deposited rollers under local cooling. Tests of welded samples were carried out under conditions of isothermal relaxation of applied stresses. The change in the saturation of the deposited metal with hydrogen occurred as a result of wetting the argon during surfacing. (Results and discussions) The article describes that when the hydrogen content of the deposited metal increases, the resistance index decreases by 20 percent. Preheating samples before welding to a temperature of 300 degrees Celsius increases the resistance of the deposited metal. (Conclusions) Experimental studies have shown that the hydrogen content in the deposited metal negatively affects the resistance to destruction. The article shows that the zone of thermal influence is the most dangerous area of crack generation during surfacing.

EXPANSION OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HARROWING UNIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (142) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Aleksandr E. Slepenkov ◽  
◽  
Sergey N. Kulinchenko ◽  
Sergey V. Shchitov ◽  
Evgeniy E. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Processing ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Priority Direction

Improving the quality of pre-sowing tillage is a priority direction. Harrowing with the use of heavy disc harrows is one of the operations of pre- sowing tillage. An important task when using heavy disc harrows is to ensure sufficient load on the working body. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in increasing the efficiency of the harrowing process by adjusting the coupling weight in the tractor–harrow link using special devices. (Materials and methods) It is important to match the necessary condition of balance between the load on the working body and the traction qualities of the tractor with a low load- bearing capacity of the soil. The article describes a regulator of the coupling weight of the harrowing unit, for which was applied a patent. The article presents the general types of connection of the device with the disk harrow frame. (Results and discussion) The proposed device allows you to redistribute the weight of the unit, thereby automatically changing the load on the working body. Authors performed experimental studies on the influence of the main design parameters of the devices on the operation of the machine and tractor unit. (Conclusions) The proposed device allows, by expanding the design and technological parameters, to regulate the depth of processing, traction characteristics and speed of the harrowing unit.

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