scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the parameters of carbohydrate exchange and thiamine security in the crew personnel of the northern water basin depending on the specifics of work, age and professional experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
T. B. Petrova ◽  
F. A. Bichkaeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Water Basin ◽  
Thiamine Content

Purpose: assessment of carbohydrate metabolism and thiamine supply in the crew, depending on the specifics of work, age and professional experience.Materials and methods. The researchers examined the crew personnel of the Northern Water Basin (river workers, fishermen and seafarers) aged from 21 to 59 years, with professional experience up to 35 years. In the blood serum, the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism were determined by the spectrophotometric method, and in the blood hemolysate, by the fluorometric method, the content of the thiamine in the body.Results and its discussion. Seafarers have an increased glucose concentration against the background of low thiamine content relative to fishermen and river workers. The frequency of occurrence of marginal states increases with increasing age and experience in river workers, and the frequency of occurrence of pronounced thiamine-deficient states increases with increasing experience in fishermen. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism and thiamine content of the crew depend mainly on the specifics of the work.

Analysis of the influence of copper on carbohydrate metabolism in carp

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Karpenko ◽  
◽  
P. A. Polistovskaya ◽  
A. B. Balykina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Serum Amylase ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Copper Acetate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Serum Amylase Activity

The article discusses some aspects of the toxic effects of copper acetate on the body of fish. Heavy metals are highly toxic to aquat-ic organisms due to their ability to accumu-late and transform within the biocenosis of the reservoir. The aim of the study was to study the indicators of carbohydrate metabo-lism in carp after exposure to various con-centrations of copper acetate. The study of the features of carbohydrate metabolism, including the intensity and direction of ex-change can be useful in assessing the re-sponse of fish to toxic effects. During the experiment, 4 groups of fish were formed - 1 control group (10 fish), 3 experimental groups – 10 fish each. Experimental groups of fish were contained in a solution of cop-per acetate (Cu(CH3COO)2) with concentra-tions of 0.01 mg/l, 0.1 mg/l, 1 mg/l (exceeding the MPC of copper for fisheries reservoirs by 10, 100 and 1000 times, re-spectively). Glucose concentration and se-rum amylase activity were studied. Glucose is necessary for supplying energy to various processes occurring inside the body,including reactions to toxic substances. Amylase, however, is an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the breakdown of complex carbohydrates. We found such changes in carbohydrate metabolism in carp as a signifi-cant increase in serum amylase activity by 6.63%, 7.9% and 19.57% when exposed to 10, 100 and 1000 MPC of copper, respec-tively, as well as a significant increase in glucose concentration by 8.54%, 20.28% and 29.7% when exposed to 10, 100 and 1000 MPC of copper, respectively, compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Functional profiling of COVID-19 respiratory tract microbiomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niina Haiminen ◽  
Filippo Utro ◽  
Ed Seabolt ◽  
Laxmi Parida
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Functional Profiling

AbstractIn response to the ongoing global pandemic, characterizing the molecular-level host interactions of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for COVID-19 has been at the center of unprecedented scientific focus. However, when the virus enters the body it also interacts with the micro-organisms already inhabiting the host. Understanding the virus-host-microbiome interactions can yield additional insights into the biological processes perturbed by viral invasion. Alterations in the gut microbiome species and metabolites have been noted during respiratory viral infections, possibly impacting the lungs via gut-lung microbiome crosstalk. To better characterize microbial functions in the lower respiratory tract during COVID-19 infection, we carry out a functional analysis of previously published metatranscriptome sequencing data of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from eight COVID-19 cases, twenty-five community-acquired pneumonia patients, and twenty healthy controls. The functional profiles resulting from comparing the sequences against annotated microbial protein domains clearly separate the cohorts. By examining the associated metabolic pathways, distinguishing functional signatures in COVID-19 respiratory tract microbiomes are identified, including decreased potential for lipid metabolism and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism pathways, and increased potential for carbohydrate metabolism pathways. The results include overlap between previous studies on COVID-19 microbiomes, including decrease in the glycosaminoglycan degradation pathway and increase in carbohydrate metabolism. The results also suggest novel connections to consider, possibly specific to the lower respiratory tract microbiome, calling for further research on microbial functions and host-microbiome interactions during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Current trends in the development of isotonic drinks for athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
N.M. Podgornova ◽  
A.R. Zainutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
High Sucrose

The article reflects the importance of isotonic drinks to maintain optimal fluid balance and replace the loss of electrolytes in the body of athletes. Consumer preferences are studied, and a comparative analysis of some isotonic drinks is presented. It has been established that the majority of isotonic agents have artificial colors, preservatives, and high sucrose content, the excessive use of which leads to the formation of various kinds of diseases.

CHRONOEFFECT OF THE DIURNAL CORTISOL RHYTHM ON LIPID AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN INDIAN AND LOCAL FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES IN KYRGYZSTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
A.A. Chonkoeva ◽  
I.P. Mukhamedova
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Local Students ◽  
Indian Students

Foreign students studying in Kyrgyzstan mainly come from Southeast Asia, and they have to adapt to living conditions in a new climatic (geographic), socio-cultural, and educational environment that is different from the previous one. Therefore, it is challenging to study the chronostructural characteristics of the hormonal regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in students, as these characteristics are main part of the metabolic balance. The aim of the study is to determine chronostructural characteristics of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism regulation by adrenal cortex hormones in foreign and local 1st-year university students in Kyrgyzstan. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 120 students. The average age of Indian students (30 young women and 30 young men) was 19.45±0.24 years; the average age of local students (30 young women and 30 young men) was 18.50±0.25 years. The authors analyzed correlation of daily cortisol rhythm with lipoproteins and blood serum glucose indicators. Results. The chronoeffects of evening cortisol (6 p.m.) and daily cortisol level influenced lipid blood fractions in students in both ethnic groups, however, with the opposite effect. In Indian students, cortisol chronoeffect was mainly resulted in accumulation of atherogenic fractions, while in local students – in utilization of such fractions. These opposite processes can be regarded as different phases of the same adaptive energy supply reorganization, when the body starts consuming energy from fatty acids, and activates cholesterol-dependent plastic processes with the photoperiod (autumn-winter) changes. The greatest influence on carbohydrate metabolism was exerted by the daily cortisol level and reactivity, i.e. the rate of change in its plasma concentration. As an additional energy substrate, the young women demonstrated stimulated glucose disposal and young men demonstrated glucose production. The reactivity of the diurnal cortisol rhythm was statistically significantly higher in foreign students, which indicates a reactive adaptive restructuring of regulatory mechanisms. Keywords: students, lipoproteins, adaptation, cortisol, circadian rhythm. Иностранные студенты, обучающиеся в Кыргызстане, в основном прибывают из стран Юго-Восточной Азии, и им предстоит адаптироваться к условиям жизни в новой климатической (географической), социокультурной, образовательной среде, отличной от прежней. Поэтому вызывает интерес исследование у студентов хроноструктурных особенностей гормональной регуляции липидного и углеводного обменов как основной части метаболического баланса организма. Цель: определение хроноструктурных особенностей регуляции липидного и углеводного обменов гормонами коркового слоя надпочечников у иностранных и местных студентов на начальном этапе обучения в вузах Кыргызстана. Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 120 студентов. Средний возраст индийских студентов (30 девушек, 30 юношей) составил 19,45±0,24 года; местных студентов (30 девушек, 30 юношей) – 18,50±0,25 года. Проанализированы корреляционные связи показателей дневного ритма кортизола с липопротеинами и глюкозой сыворотки крови. Результаты. Хроноэффекты вечернего кортизола (1800) и суточная масса кортизола были наиболее значительными на липидных фракциях крови студентов в обеих этнических группах с противоположным действием. У индийских студентов все хроноэффекты кортизола были преимущественно направлены на накопление атерогенных фракций, у местных – на их утилизацию. Эти противоположные процессы можно расценивать как разные фазы одной и той же адаптационной перестройки организма в энергообеспечении при переходе на богатые жирными кислотами источники энергии, а также в активации холестеринзависимых пластических процессов в условиях измененного фотопериода (осень-зима). Наибольшее влияние на углеводный обмен оказывали дневная масса кортизола и реактивность – скорость изменения его концентрации в плазме, под влиянием которых у девушек наблюдалось стимулирование утилизации глюкозы, а у юношей – продукция глюкозы в качестве дополнительного энергетического субстрата. Реактивность дневного ритма кортизола была статистически значимо выше у иностранных студентов, что свидетельствует о реактивной адаптационной перестройке механизмов регуляции. Ключевые слова: студенты, липопротеины, адаптация, кортизол, суточный ритм.

Simultaneous estimation of simvstatin and piperine in its formulation by UV spectrophotometric method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Vijayamma G ◽  
Panneerselvam P ◽  
Siddeswari T ◽  
Nithya Kalyani K ◽  
Jeslin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
The Body ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Chemical Release ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Herbal Formulations ◽  
Validation Experiments

The active ingredient, called piperine, is present in black pepper. The ions are very small so they are easily consumed by the tissue and nervous system, causing the chemical release within the brain. Piperine has been shown to help ease gastrointestinal ailments, help with vomiting, and has the ability to help with inflammation of the body. This explains to us how simvastatin can help expedite piperine in the body. The new, clear, effective, quick, accurate ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has to be validated and developed for the study of simvastatin and piperine in bulk and poly-herbal formulations. Data from validation experiments was tested using methodological techniques. Since processing at a wavelength of 285nm, the standard solution appeared to have a far higher absorbance than at other wavelengths. Normal simvastatin and piperine have been measured in varying amounts, and they make spectrums of overlays. In Beer Law, the concentration (C) of a solvent is plotted against the absorbance (A) from a calibration curve, as a result. A linearity range of between 14and 39μg/mL was observed. The sample was tested by prorating the standard deviation and standard error of the approximate means with the sample size, demonstrating the accuracy and the precision of the methods used in the analysis. Based on the experimental findings, it can be easily inferred that for UV spectrometry estimation of simvastatin and piperine from pharmaceutical intravenous liquid formulation, the proposed method is very simple, fast, accurate, precise, economical and reproducible.

scholarly journals Selecting informative biomarkers for early diagnosis of occupational neurological diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (9) ◽  
pp. 953-958
Author(s):  
Inna V. Lapko
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Lumbosacral Radiculopathy ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Neurohumoral Regulation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. At present, the patterns of changes in the levels of biomarkers and the relationship of changes in their values with the pathogenesis of diseases caused by the impact of adverse factors of labour activity are not sufficiently studied. The most unresolved issues are the choice of informative laboratory indicators and diagnostic test systems in investigating the impact of physical factors on the working environment (vibration and physical overload) neurohumoral regulation: pituitary-adrenal pituitary-thyroid, pituitary-gonadal system and hormonal indicators of carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of the study was to determine diagnostic hormonal markers and integral indices to identify early changes in the neurohumoral status in the body of workers under the influence of working environment factors. Materials and methods. 330 workers of mining and machine-building enterprises were examined. Of these, 128 people with vibration disease, 45 people - with lumbosacral radiculopathy, combined pathology (vibration disease and lumbosacral radiculopathy) was detected in 60 persons. The preclinical stage (initial signs of diseases) was noted in 97 workers. Laboratory studies included hormones and integral indices of the pituitary-adrenal, pituitary-thyroid, pituitary-gonadal system, carbohydrate metabolism. To select the diagnostic significance of laboratory biomarkers, diagnostic sensitivity, prenosological value, pathognomonicity, direction, severity, and selectivity of changes in biomarker levels were evaluated. Results. The combined effect of vibration and physical overload on the body of workers was found to have a unidirectional and systemic impact on the levels of hormones of the pituitary-adrenal, pituitary-thyroid and pituitary-gonadal systems, increases insulin resistance. The severity of changes in neurohumoral regulation indicators depends on the nature and severity of the occupational neurological disease. The highest diagnostic sensitivity (Df = 72-74%) in vibration disease and its combination with lumbosacral radiculopathy was obtained for pituitary-gonadal hormones and indicators of insulin resistance. The lowest values of Dh are typical for the hormones of the pituitary-thyroid system (no more than 14%). To identify early changes in neurohumoral regulation in the body under the influence of vibration and physical exertion, it is most informative to determine the concentration of total testosterone, luteinizing hormone and insulin, as well as the integral pituitary-adrenal index, insulin resistance indices. To identify hidden disorders of the pituitary-thyroid system, the definition of the essential thyroid index can be used. Discussion. The results obtained allowed us to assess the nature of changes in the levels of hormones of the pituitary-adrenal, pituitary-thyroid and pituitary-gonadal systems and carbohydrate metabolism and to propose informative laboratory biomarkers reflecting early changes in neurohumoral regulation under the influence of physical factors of the working environment. Conclusions. To identify early changes in neurohumoral regulation in the body of workers under the influence of vibration and physical exertion, the most informative is the determination of the concentration of total testosterone, luteinizing hormone and insulin, the integral pituitary-adrenal index, and insulin resistance indices. To identify hidden disorders of the pituitary-thyroid system, the definition of the integral thyroid index can be used.

scholarly journals Transgressive Textualities: Translating References to Gender, Sexuality and Corporeality in Nelly Arcan’s Putain and Paradis, clef en main

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Henry-Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Female Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sexual Agency ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Gendered Identity ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
Neutral Tone ◽  
Target Culture

In this paper I examine how transgressive references to gender, sexuality and the body are translated in two texts by the Québécoise writer Nelly Arcan, her debut autofictional narrative Putain (2001) and her final (retroactively auto)fictional title Paradis, clef en main (2009). Throughout her oeuvre, Arcan seeks to liberate women from stereotypical frameworks of reference by asserting women’s gendered, sexual and corporeal subjectivities in previously taboo discourses on prostitution, incest, sexuality, anorexia, matrophobia and suicide. Through her candid and explicit writing style, Arcan elaborates her own specific écriture au féminin which incorporates a linguistic, thematic and physical visualization of women within her texts.These two novels have been translated into English as Whore (2005) by Bruce Benderson and Exit (2011) by David Scott Hamilton respectively. However, analysis of the target texts suggests that neither translator adopts a gender-conscious approach which compromises the specificity of Arcan's idiolect in the Anglophone context. Through a comparative analysis of examples from the source texts and translations under the categories of gender, sexuality and the body, I discuss how the translation practices work counterproductively to obfuscate Arcan’s textual visualisations of women. In terms of references to gendered identity, by removing or neutralising Arcan's grammatically feminised language in Putain, the translator obfuscates Arcan's idea of the importance gender plays in shaping maternal relationships. Similarly, in Exit, Arcan's subversive feminist wordplay is distorted resulting in women being reinserted into patriarchal frameworks of reference. My analysis on Arcan's portrayal of sexuality underlines how sexual euphemisms in the translation downplay the narrator's potential for sexual agency in Whore, while misleading translation choices for feminist neologisms relating to women's sexuality in Exit eschew Arcan's efforts to verbalise women's lived sexual realities. Lastly, inconsistency in the translation of female corporeal vocabulary distorts the neutral tone Arcan employs in Putain to ensure women's bodies are not eroticised and the translator's decision to condense references to the female body in Exit undermines the significance Arcan places on corporeal connections between women. Thereafter, I move on to consider the wider implications of the translative process such as how paratextual elements also have an impact upon Arcan's reception in the target culture. I argue that in both Whore and Exit, the paratranslators intentionally sensationalise the autofictional elements of Arcan's texts. In short, my analysis contends that through a non-gender conscious translation practice, the celebrity of Arcan is promoted in the Anglophone context but to the detriment of Arcan’s écriture au féminin.

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