Unemployment and gender equality within the family in Portugal

Strongly influenced by the previous Meiji Civil Code that shaped people’s perceptions about the traditional Japanese family, postwar Japanese society has not fully guaranteed gender equality, and whether to legally allow the dual-surname system is one of the major legal and political debates in Japanese society. To understand the tension between the traditional Japanese family emphasized in the previous Meiji Civil Code and gender equality emphasized in the current Japanese law, this study explored the surname system in Japan by reviewing historical trends, recent surveys, political debates, and comparing with other nations. This study illustrated that the surname was not attached to the family lineage and membership as today in the past, and symbolic significance of the surname has changed through the course of Japanese history.

Download Full-text

“If you don’t act, you are not going to get anything”: Professional identity and gender equality in Greek and Cypriot media organisations

MedieKultur Journal of media and communication research ◽

10.7146/mediekultur.v32i61.22511 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (61) ◽

Author(s):

Angeliki Gazi ◽

Dimitra Dimitrakopoulou

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Professional Identity ◽

Gender Equality ◽

Northern Europe ◽

Primary Mechanism ◽

The Family ◽

The Media ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship ◽

Professional Accomplishment

The research here focuses on the relationship between women and media organisations in Greece and Cyprus. Our aim is to study the professional identity of women in the context of media organisations as well as the progress toward gender equality in Greek and Cypriot media organisations compared to the rest of Europe. Greece and, to a greater extent, Cyprus are societies in which the preservation and reproduction of the structure of the family constitutes the primary mechanism for socialization and professional accomplishment, much more than in other countries of central and northern Europe. The reported results are part of a more broadly focused EIGE Report entitled “Advancing gender equality in decision-making in media organizations,” which reviews the implementation of the Beijing Platform for Action (BPfA) in Member States. The BPfA, in turn, introduces the first indicators for measuring the progress of gender equality for women in the media. The media sectors both in Greece and Cyprus continue to be male-dominated. Women occupy only a small percentage of decision-making posts in media organisations. Moreover, there is a significant lack of gender-related policies and monitoring mechanisms in the media organisations and the countries themselves.

Download Full-text

PEREMPUAN DAN KEKERASAN: Memposisikan Konsep Kekerasan Perspektif al-Qur’an

El-HARAKAH (TERAKREDITASI) ◽

10.18860/el.v3i1.4715 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

M. Fauzan Zenrif

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

The Public ◽

Social Facts ◽

Female Violence ◽

The Family ◽

Feminist Discourse ◽

And Gender ◽

Humanitarian Values ◽

Women Violence

Feminist discourse is always actual, inexhaustible and not tired of being discussed. When we are saturated with the problem of emancipation, then we speak feminism and gender equality, even now being warmly discussed the issue of violence against women. This paper discusses the truth of the Qur'anic concept of the potential of female violence supported by various social facts. Nowadays women's violence is much faster than men do. The crime of women is not only murder, robbery, mistreatment, demolition and theft, mugging, pickling and burning of houses, but also rape with violence. Therefore, it is necessary to reconstruct the concept of women's empowerment that can eliminate, or at least minimize the possibility of polarization of women violence. This is because clearly in Indonesia the phenomenon of women's violence, both in the family and the public, the more transparent. In the view of the Qur'an, violence to anyone, any gender, and to any group, is not justified and contrary to humanitarian values Diskursus keperempuanan memang selalu aktual, tak habis- habisnya dan tak bosan-bosannya dididiskusikan. Ketika kita jenuh dengan masalah emansipasi, kemudian kita berbicara feminisme dan kesataraan jender, sekarangpun sedang hangat didiskusikan masalah kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Tulisan ini membahas kebenaran konsep al-Qur’an tentang potensi kekerasan perempuan yang didukung fakta sosial yang beragam. Dewasa ini kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh perempuan jauh lebih cepat meningkat dibandingkan yang dilakukan oleh laki-laki. Kriminalitas perempuan tersebut tidak hanya pembunuhan, perampokan, penganiayaan, pembongkaran dan pencurian, penjambretan, pencopetan dan pembakaran rumah, tapi juga perkosaan disertai kekerasan. Untuk itu perlu rekonstruksi konsep pemberdayaan perempuan yang dapat menghilangkan, atau setidaknya meminimalisir kemungkinan terjadinya polarisasi kekerasan perempuan. Hal ini karena jelas di Indonesia fenomena kekerasan perempuan, baik dalam keluarga maupun publik, semakin transparan. Dalam pandangan al-Qur’an, kekerasan pada siapapun, jenis kelamin apapun, dan pada kelompok manapun, tidak dibenarkan dan bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan

Download Full-text

IS OUR CHILD TOO YOUNG TO LEARN ABOUT GENDER EQUALITY? AN INTERPRETATION OF GENDER EDUCATION IN ACEH FAMILIES

Gender Equality: International Journal of Child and Gender Studies ◽

10.22373/equality.v6i2.7719 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Muhammad Zawil Kiram

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Gender Stereotypes ◽

Gender Issues ◽

Early Age ◽

Gender Education ◽

The Family ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender ◽

First Time

This study aims to reveal gender-based discrimination, forms of gender education, and the importance of gender education in Acehnese families. This study was conducted by using the method of descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation and interview. The result showed that in Acehnese families, the forms of gender-based discrimination that often faced by women are inequality in housework distribution and childcare. In Aceh, most men still play fewer roles in taking care of children because domestic jobs are seen to be women’s’ responsibilities. Another form of gender-based discrimination in Aceh is domestic violence against women. The result also demonstrated that in Acehnese families there is no gender education because many people do not understand the term of gender equality and gender issues are considered as western culture and still taboo to discuss. Gender education in the family is important because children acquire gender stereotypes at an early age, and they learn about gender equality from their family for the first time. Teaching gender equality to children is never too early, and they never too young to learn about it, they would come out and bring the gender equality in the family and society in general as they will be the pioneer or gender equality when they reach adulthood.

Download Full-text

Equality just Over the Horizon: Soviet Gender Equality in Law and Policy

Lithuanian Historical Studies ◽

10.30965/25386565-02401006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 143-181

Author(s):

Valdemaras Klumbys

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Social Reality ◽

Soviet Period ◽

The Political ◽

Gender Relation ◽

Gender Policy ◽

Law And Policy ◽

The Social ◽

The Family ◽

And Gender

This article presents an analysis of Soviet law on the family which was valid in Lithuania from 1940, in order to ascertain how it reflected gender equality, how (or if ) it was formed, the legal measures the state harnessed in order to create family and gender relation models in various areas of life, and what kind of family and gender policy formed as a result. The law is contextualised in this paper by immersing it in the social reality of its time. This allows us to determine what norms and provisions determined the political and legal resolutions of the Soviet authorities, and to discuss their influence on society. The two most important periods in Soviet gender policy are distinguished. Initially revolutionary and radical in Lithuania, with the aim of changing society to realise its goals, after the 1950s, state policy became more reactive, and adapted to the changed, modernised society and its needs. This paper proposes to see changes to women’s situation during the Soviet period not as emancipation, but as (double) mobilisation. The reasons for the stagnation in masculinity in Soviet law and policy, for not keeping up with or adapting to the rapidly changing social reality, are also analysed. The contradictions in Soviet policy regarding the family and gender are shown, where it proved impossible to unambiguously apply ‘conservative-liberal’ or ‘traditional- liberal’ distinctions in both policy and reality.

Download Full-text

Gender Equality in the Family and Childbearing

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x15590686 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 38 (13) ◽

pp. 1803-1824 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Lars Dommermuth ◽

Bryndl Hohmann-Marriott ◽

Trude Lappegård

Keyword(s):

Child Care ◽

Gender Equality ◽

Household Labor ◽

Data Set ◽

Second Child ◽

Unique Data ◽

Division Of Household Labor ◽

The Family ◽

Division Of Housework ◽

And Gender

Gender equality and equity in the division of household labor may be associated with couples’ transitions to first, second, and third births. Our comprehensive analysis includes the division of housework and child care as well as the perception of whether this division is fair and satisfactory. We use a unique data set combining the Norwegian Generations and Gender Survey (2007) with information on childbirths within 3 years after the interview from the population register. We found that an unequal division of housework is associated with a decreased chance of first and subsequent births. Child care is most relevant when the respondent is satisfied with the division, as one-child couples where the respondent is less satisfied with the division of child care are less likely to have a second child. Our findings suggest that, even in a high-equity context such as Norway, equality and equity in the household are also important for childbearing.

Download Full-text

KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM LINGKUP PENDIDIKAN DAN TATA SOSIAL

IJouGS: Indonesian Journal of Gender Studies ◽

10.21154/ijougs.v1i2.2317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yuni Sulistyowati

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Gender Discrimination ◽

Social Order ◽

Dominant Party ◽

The Family ◽

Role Of Women ◽

And Gender

Abstrak: Meskipun upaya penegakan keadilan dan kesetaraan gender terus disuarakan, nyatanya diskriminasi gender masih tetap eksis di masyarakat. Salah satu alasan yang mendasari ketidaksetaraan gender ialah masih dielu-elukannya paham partiarki yang memandang laki-laki sebagai pihak dominan dan mengesampingkan peran perempuan dalam tatanan sosial. Berangkat dari persepsi yang menganggap bahwa perempuan hanya disiapkan untuk menjadi seorang kepala dapur dalam keluarga menempatkan perempuan sebagai kaum yang termarjinalisasi dan tersubordir. Perempuan menjadi sasaran kekerasan dan pelecehan sosial yang mana dianggap sebagai kaum yang lemah dan tidak memiliki kuasa.Abstract:Even though efforts to uphold justice and gender equality continue to be voiced, in fact gender discrimination still exixts in society. One of the fundamental reasons for gender inequality is that the patriarchy concept is still praised who views men as the dominant party and ignores the role of women in social order. Departing from the perception that women are only prepared to be the head of the kitchen in the family, placing women as the marginalized and subverted people. Women become targets of violence and social harassment who are seen as weak and powerless.

Download Full-text

Conclusion

Everyday Masculinities in 21st-Century China ◽

10.5790/hongkong/9789888528424.003.0007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 130-140

Author(s):

Magdalena Wong

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Critical Review ◽

Filial Piety ◽

General Sense ◽

Physical Strength ◽

The Family ◽

The Status ◽

Empirical Discovery ◽

And Gender ◽

The Ideal

The conclusion compares the main features of able-responsible man with representations of the ideal man in different cultural, and transnational, settings. The roles of physical strength and sex are considered. There is a critical review of the status of femininity and gender equality in Nanchong, and the culture of emulating exemplary norms in China. Filial piety and a general sense of duty to the nation provide the environment in which the able-responsible man is expected to carry responsibilities for the family, society and nation. Although the hegemonic model identified in Nanchong is coercive and denigrates marginalized men, the nature of the able-responsible man is shown to be essentially positive. The chapter concludes with a reflection on the extent to which the empirical discovery of the able-responsible man is influenced by the ethnographer herself.

Download Full-text

8. Parental Leave and Gender Equality

Introducing Political Philosophy ◽

10.1093/hepl/9780198783275.003.0008 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109-125

Author(s):

William Abel ◽

Elizabeth Kahn ◽

Tom Parr ◽

Andrew Walton

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Current Distribution ◽

Parental Leave ◽

Division Of Labour ◽

Equal Division ◽

Household Work ◽

Paid Employment ◽

The Family ◽

And Gender ◽

The Right

This chapter defends the radical view that the state should legally require all parents to take a substantial period of parental leave following the birth or adoption of a child. Though extreme, this strikes the right balance between advancing gender equality and respecting other considerations relating to the family. The chapter begins by identifying the various ways in which the current distribution of paid employment and household work is gendered, showing how women and men tend to play different roles in these domains. It then explains how different kinds of parental leave schemes can challenge the gendered division of labour, criticizing those that are likely to reproduce the current pattern of paid employment and household work. The chapter argues for schemes that encourage a more equal division of labour between women and men. It also discusses the implications of the chapter’s conclusions for the design of parental leave schemes and for the broader landscape in which these policies are nested.

Download Full-text

Wellbeing and Gender Equality for the Elderly in the Context of Arctic Sweden

Nordic Journal on Law and Society ◽

10.36368/njolas.v1i01-02.16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (01-02) ◽

pp. 176-193

Author(s):

Lena Wennberg

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Arctic Region ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Arctic ◽

Ageing Population ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

The Family ◽

Private And Public ◽

And Gender

One theme of importance for gender equality in the Arctic region is the wellbeing of the aging population and how their needs are provided for in private and public spheres – by the family, local communities, the state and the market. In this article, the complexity of the public and private division of welfare provision and care of the elderly in the Swedish Arctic context is addressed and discussed in the light of national, regional and international policy and law. Norrbotten, the northernmost county in Sweden that is part of the Barents Euro-Arctic region, is taken as a frame of reference for critical reflection on wellbeing and gender equality for the ageing population in rural, depopulated and multicultural contexts and the need to develop alternative political and legal interventions that are better adjusted to meet the everyday needs in this specific setting.

Download Full-text