Assessment of metrical property of images space system observation

2018 ◽  
Vol 936 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
V.F. Chekalin ◽  
G. V. Kuzmin ◽  
A. V. Shishanov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Space System ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Observation Systems ◽  
Metrical Property ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Measurements Errors ◽  
Images Processing ◽  
Residual Errors ◽  
Space Image

The article deals with mathematical model of residual errors, arising at the space images processing, received through the space optical and electronic observation systems. From the analysis of conditions of their emerging it was found, that errors in georeferencing and in the interior geometry of the space image are the basic components of this model. Considering the basic regulations known through theorems by Kotelnikov and Shannon represented in the signal theory, borders of confidence interval of measurements errors digital image were defined. Basing upon ascertained type of mathematical model of residual errors the final accuracy of processing modern space images was forecast. The predicted values’ errors at creating final cartographic products of processing home- and foreign made space photographs were tabulated. The assessment of their indicators was made. The principal causes of the arising divergence between theoretical estimates of the accuracy of measuring the digital images and the practical results were defined. Recommendation for improving the metrological provision of the Russian data was given.

On the displacements of the contours of the optic-electronic space images. Mathematical modeling of displacement

2017 ◽  
Vol 992 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Voronin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Electronic Imaging ◽  
Measuring Accuracy ◽  
Physical Laws

The article opens a cycle of three consecutive publications dedicated to the phenomenon of the displacement of the same points in overlapping scans obtained adjacent CCD matrices with opto-electronic imagery. This phenomenon was noticed by other authors, but the proposed explanation for the origin of displacements and the resulting estimates are insufficient, and developed their solutions seem controversial from the point of view of recovery of the measuring accuracy of opticalelectronic space images, determined by the physical laws of their formation. In the first article the mathematical modeling of the expected displacements based on the design features of a scanning opto-electronic imaging equipment. It is shown that actual bias cannot be forecast, because they include additional terms, which may be gross, systematic and random values. The proposed algorithm for computing the most probable values of the additional displacement and ways to address some of the systematic components of these displacements in a mathematical model of optical-electronic remote sensing.

Theoretical Methods of Images Processing in Optoelectronic Systems

Biometrics ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 361-381
Author(s):  
Tatyana Strelkova ◽  
Vladimir Kartashov ◽  
Alexander P. Lytyuga ◽  
Alexander I. Strelkov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Optoelectronic System ◽  
Output Plane ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Optical Signals ◽  
Images Processing ◽  
Detection Characteristics

The chapter covers development of mathematical model of signals in output plane of optoelectronic system with registration of optical signals from objects. Analytical forms for mean values and dispersion of signal and interference components of photo receiver response are given. The mathematical model can be used as a base with detection algorithm development for optical signal from objects. An algorithm of signals' detection in output plane of optoelectronic system for the control is offered. The algorithm is synthesized taking into account corpuscular and statistical properties of optical signals. Analytical expressions for mean values and signal and noise components dispersion are cited. These expressions can be used for estimating efficiency of the offered algorithm by the criterion of detection probabilistic characteristics and criterion of signal/noise relation value. The possibility of signal detection characteristics improvement with low signal-to-noise ratio is shown.

scholarly journals A Model of Brain Arteriolar Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport during Anemia

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Schacterle ◽  
Robert J. Ribando ◽  
J. Milton Adams
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Transport ◽  
Theoretical Evidence ◽  
Predicted Values

Existing experimental and theoretical evidence suggests that precapillary diffusion of O2 and CO2 occurs between arterioles and tissue under normal physiologic conditions. However, limited information is available on arteriolar gas transport during anemia. With use of a mathematical model of an arteriolar network in brain tissue, anemic hematocrits of 35, 25, and 15% were modeled to determine the effect of anemia on the exchange, the change in the equilibrium tissue O2 and CO2 tensions, and the increase in blood flow needed to restore tissue oxygenation. We found that the blood Po2 exiting the network fell from 66 mm Hg normally to 48 mm Hg during the severest anemia. Concurrently, the equilibrium tissue O2 tensions dropped from 44 to 23 mm Hg. For CO2 the exit blood Pco2 was 58 mm Hg for a 15% hematocrit, an increase of 4 mm Hg from the normal value, and equilibrium tissue Pco2 increased from 56 to 61 mm Hg. Blood flow increases from normal values necessary to offset the effects of the decreased O2 delivery to the tissue were 26, 86, and 222%, respectively, for hematocrits of 35, 25, and 15%. We compared our model results with recent experimental studies that have suggested that the amount of O2 diffusion is much higher than predicted values. We found that these experimental O2 gradients are three to four times larger than theoretical.

Mathematical Model for Axial Crushing of Hybrid Square Tubes

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 664-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Akbarshahi ◽  
Mojtaba Sadighi ◽  
Morteza Shakeri ◽  
M. Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Metal Tube ◽  
Collapse Mode ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Geometrical Dimensions ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, to investigate energy absorption capability of hybrid (metal-composite) square tubes under axial loading, a new theory is proposed based on collapse mode of metal square tubes and considering off-axis strength of each layer of composite. An expression is derived for mean crushing load and folding wave length in terms of mechanical properties and geometrical dimensions of metal tube and composite prepregs wrapped around it. To validate the theoretical model, predicted values for mean crushing load are compared with experimental and numerical results that show reasonably good agreement.

scholarly journals Prediction of properties of biodiesel-diesel blends using spectrofluorimetry and multivariate calibration

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1328-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Meira ◽  
Cristina Quintella ◽  
Iuri Pepe ◽  
Pedro Costa Neto ◽  
Alessandra Santos Tanajura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Multivariate Calibration ◽  
Pls Regression ◽  
Residual Distribution ◽  
Model Accuracy ◽  
Prediction Of Properties ◽  
Predicted Values

AbstractRegressions based on fluorescence spectroscopy were developed to provide relatively inexpensive and rapid measurements of the concentration, viscosity, and specific gravity of biodiesel-diesel blends. The methods involved obtaining a mathematical model from spectrofluorimetric data and data from a given property (concentration, dynamic viscosity, or specific gravity) using partial least squares (PLS) regression, which was then applied as a model for predicting properties of interest. The predicted concentrations, dynamic viscosities, and specific gravities of the biodiesel-diesel blends were compared with actual values and agreed reasonably well with the obtained results. The models showed high correlation between real and predicted values. The R-square values near 1 indicated excellent model accuracy for predicting concentrations, specific gravities, and dynamic viscosities of biodiesel-diesel blends. The residual distribution did not follow a trend with respect to the predicted variables, indicating an excellent fit to the data.

scholarly journals Optimization of heat and mass transfer processes in air conditioning systems in public buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
A. V. Tsygankov ◽  
◽  
V. I. Lysev ◽  
A. K. Rubtsov ◽  
A. S. Shilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Increasing the energy efficiency of air conditioning systems in public buildings and structures is an actual task. A mathematical model is proposed for determining the values of internal air temperatures and temperatures of the surfaces of enclosure in order to calculate the predicted values of heat fluxes in buildings and structures. An experimental study has been carried out showing the relevance of the proposed method

scholarly journals Adaptive methods of detecting environmental changes using multispectral satellite images on the Earth for example territory Solotvyno

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Yakimchuk ◽  
Kostiantyn Sukhanov ◽  
Olha Tomchenko
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Adaptive Methods ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Space Images ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Multispectral Satellite Images ◽  
The Village ◽  
Space Image

The methods for detecting environmental changes using two multispectral multispectral space images of the Earth, which can be used to assess changes in the ecological and geological environment to control the dynamics of processes in real time, in order to prevent environmental emergencies. The creation and operation of a system of continuous geoecological monitoring based on space information involves the detection of relative changes in the environment on two multispectral space images of the Earth, obtained after a certain period of time. To do this, it is necessary to develop and apply adaptive methods (indices) for detecting relative changes. Three methods are proposed that are adapted to specific images to find the optimal solution that maximizes the relative changes in two different time multispectral space images of the Earth. The first method selects one optimal channel from all channels of the space image, the second method - two optimal channels from all channels and the third - four optimal channels from all channels. There are known methods that assess the presence or absence of changes in two space images at different times, but they do not provide information about the direction of changes. The proposed indices can take positive and negative values, reflecting the trend of changes on the ground. The negative values of the indices obtained in the area near the village of Solotvyno, Tyachiv district, Zakarpattia region, correspond to the areas with the most dynamic changes in the environment of such exogenous processes as karst funnels and lakes, and positive values correspond to increasing vegetation areas. The results of comparing the application of the change detection index on two different multispectral space images of the Earth on four, two channels and one channel showed that increasing the number of channels can give a more reasonable picture of changes, but to concretize these changes requires ground-based observations.

scholarly journals MODEL FOR ASSESSING SITUATIONAL AWARENESS OF SPACE SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
V. I. Erokhin ◽  
A. P. Kadochnikov ◽  
S. V. Sotnikov ◽  
A. A. Vaganov ◽  
D. A. Valeryanov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Experiment ◽  
Control Region ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Elliptical Orbit ◽  
Geostationary Orbit ◽  
Space System ◽  
Numerical Example

The paper presents a mathematical model for assessing the situational awareness of the space system. The model includes a set of algorithms, the main ones being the algorithm for simulating the motion of a spacecraft in a highly elliptical orbit, the algorithm for determining the observability of a given controlled area by a given spacecraft in a highly elliptical orbit at a given time, and the algorithm for determining the observability of a given controlled area by a spacecraft in a geostationary orbit. The model allows the assessment of the information capabilities of a space system of various ballistic structures and compositions. A model numerical example is considered, which makes it possible to compare observability indices of a given control region with two possible variants of a ballistic construction of a spacecraft constellation. The results of the numerical experiment showed the correctness of the proposed mathematical model.

scholarly journals PREDICTION OF SIGNAL ATTENUATION DUE TO DUSTSTORMS USING MIE SCATTERING

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Zain Elabdin Omer Elshaikh ◽  
Othman O. Khalifa ◽  
Ahm Zahirul Alam ◽  
Sheroz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Mie Scattering ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Signal Attenuation ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Signal Path ◽  
Predicted Values

The present trend in radio design calls for the use of frequencies above 40 GHz for short links carrying wide-band digital communication signals. In order to utilize the new frequency band efficiently, signal attenuation studies due to duststorms is needed urgently for desert areas. This paper presents a mathematical model which has been developed to predict the signal attenuation due to duststorm. The proposed model enables the convenient calculation of the signal path attenuation based on Mie solution of Maxwell's equations for the scattering of electromagnetic wave by dust particles. The predicted values from the proposed mathematical model are compared with the measured values observed in Saudi Arabia and Sudan and show relatively close agreement.

Dynamic Behaviour of a Road Vehicle with Rear Wheel Adaptive Braking Control

1976 ◽  
Vol 190 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-244
Author(s):  
S. W. E. Earles ◽  
B. R. Aurora
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Linear Functions ◽  
Analogue Computer ◽  
Wheel Slip ◽  
The Road ◽  
Hybrid Computer ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
Pressure Modulation ◽  
Predicted Values

SYNOPSIS Initially the vehicle response during braking is investigated with the aid of a mathematical model having a realistic road input. Using an integrated hybrid computer, the road-tyre characteristics are simulated by generating non-linear functions on the digital computer, while the mathematical model is described on the analogue computer with parallel logic facility. An adaptive braking control system is proposed which measures and processes the rear-wheel motion. Activation of the system occurs when the wheel deceleration and a quasi wheel slip reach given reference values. The adaptive system as developed and optimised on the hybrid computer is implemented on the rear wheels of the test vehicle. The predicted values of wheel speed, brake-pressure modulation, stopping distance and vehicle yaw are shown to compare favourably with the test results.

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