scholarly journals Materia prima para la industria cerámica de Norte de Santander. II. Evaluación del comportamiento térmico y su incidencia en las propiedades tecnológicas

Respuestas ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cely-Illera ◽  
Rafael Bolívar-León
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Furnace ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Thermogravimetry Analysis ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Level

Antecedentes: Este trabajo constituye la continuación de uno previo; en la primera parte de este trabajo se estudiaron las características mineralógicas, químicas y físicas de una arcilla del área metropolitana de San José de Cúcuta. Objetivos: En este trabajo se realizaron análisis térmicos de termogravimetria (ATG) y térmico-diferencial (ATD) para desarrollar una curva optima de cocción. Metodología: Se sinterizaron muestras extruidas y se realizó la caracterización tecnológica del mismo, ensayos de absorción de agua, resistencia mecánica y abrasión profunda, se desarrollaron. Además quemas en un horno industrial con el fin de realizar un comparativo de la curva propuesta y una curva de cocción real. Resultado: Se pudo comprobar que al usar la curva propuesta en la investigación y comparando con los resultados arrojados a nivel industrial, no solo se sacó el mejor provecho de este recurso, sino se determinó que la materia prima mejora considerablemente sus características tecnológicas, incrementando el tráfico del producto. Conclusiones: Esto significaría la posibilidad de mejores productos, generando competitividad en cualquier tipo de mercado no sólo a nivel nacional sino internacional.Abstract Background: This work is a continuation of previous one; in the first part of this work mineralogical, chemical and physical characteristics of a clay of metropolitan San José de Cúcuta was studied. Objective: In this work, thermal-differential (ATG) and Thermogravimetry analysis (ATD) were performed in order to develop an optimal firing curve. Methods: Sintering extruded samples and technological characterization of the same, testing water absorption, mechanical strength, deep abrasion and burning in an industrial furnace were performed in order to develop a comparative of the proposal ISSN 0122-820X curve and the firing real curve. Results: It was proved that using the curve given in the research and comparing it with the results obtained at industrial level, not only the most of this resource was removed, but also it was determined that raw material greatly enhances its technological characteristics, increasing traffic product. Conclusions: Which would mean the possibility of better products, generating competitive in any market not only nationally but internationally. Palabras Clave:Conformado, Desgaste, Microestructura, Propiedades Mecánicas, Sinterización.

Incorporation of Petroleum Coke into Red Ceramic

2010 ◽  
Vol 660-661 ◽  
pp. 681-685
Author(s):  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
Lussandra Arêdes Freitas ◽  
Rubén Jesus Sánchez Rodríguez ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Refining Plant

This work has as its objective to evaluate the effect in the physical and mechanical properties of a red ceramic by the incorporation of petroleum coke from a refining plant. The characterization of the coke was done by optical microscopy and DTA/TG. Compositions were prepared with 0, 1, 2 and 4 wt.% of petroleum coke incorporated into a kaolinitic clayey body. Rectangular specimens were formed by extrusion before firing at 950°C. The determined physical and mechanical properties were: flexural rupture strength and water absorption. The microstructure of the fired ceramics was evaluated by SEM. The results showed that the incorporation of up to 4 wt.% of petroleum coke is not deleterious to the water absorption and mechanical strength of the clayey ceramic fired at 950oC.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Kalalani vermiculite for production of high strength porcelain insulators

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blasius Ngayakamo ◽  
Eugene Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Porcelain Insulators

The present work has evaluated Kalalani vermiculite as a potential raw material for the production of high strength porcelain insulators. Three porcelain compositions were prepared to contain 0, 20 and 30 wt% of Kalalani vermiculite. Porcelain samples were fabricated using a semi-drying method. The chemical, mineralogical phases and microstructural characterization of the raw materials were carried out using XRF, XRD, and SEM techniques, respectively. Water absorption, bulk density, dielectric and bending strengths were performed on porcelain samples fired up to 1300?C. However, at the sintering temperature of 1250?C, the porcelain sample with 20 wt% of Kalalani vermiculite gave the dielectric strength of 61.3 kV/mm, bending strength of 30.54 MPa, bulk density of 2.21 g/cm3 and low water absorption value of 0.21 % which is the prerequisite properties for high strength porcelain insulators. It was therefore concluded that Kalalani vermiculite has the potential to be used for the production of high strength porcelain insulators

Use of Nickel Slag as Raw Material for Roof Tiles Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 912 ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Fabio Pimenta Esper Kallas ◽  
Oscar Rubem Klegues Montedo ◽  
Murilo Daniel de Mello Innocentini
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Leaching Parameters

The aim of this work was to study the feasibility of incorporation of nickel slag as a raw material for production of roof tiles. Tests were carried out with the addition of different percentages of slag in the clay mass in order to find the composition for optimized product’s properties. The results indicated that the addition of up to 25% of nickel slag was advantageous, with an increase in density and mechanical strength and reduction of permeability and water absorption. There was no change in the leaching parameters measured according to the Brazilian Technical Standards.

The effect of alkaline–silane treatment of rubberwood flour for water absorption and mechanical properties of plastic composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sriwan Khamtree ◽  
Thanate Ratanawilai ◽  
Sukritthira Ratanawilai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Silane Treatment ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Rubberwood flour (RWF) was treated by alkaline, silane, and alkaline–silane, and consequently, reinforced recycled polypropylene (rPP) composites. The wood–plastic composites (WPCs) were prepared with 40 wt% RWF content using a twin-screw extruder, followed by compression molding. Silane treatment was applied at various concentrations and treatment times to evaluate the effect of treatment conditions on water absorption, mechanical properties, thermal properties, and morphological characterization of WPCs. The results indicated that alkaline–silane treatment of RWF exhibits higher properties in comparison to silane or alkaline only. In addition, silane concentrations significantly affected water absorption, mechanical strength, and hardness, while treatment times remained relatively unaffected by these properties. The best water resistance, mechanical strength, and hardness of WPCs were achieved by alkaline–silane treatment with 5% silane concentration for 2 h, which improved the interfacial adhesion of RWF and rPP as well as increased the crystallinity in the WPCs.

Recycling Dam Sediments for the Elaboration of Stabilized Blocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Nezha Gueffaf ◽  
Bahia Rabehi ◽  
Khaled Boumchedda
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Water Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Stabilized Soil

Through this work we propose one of the solutions that allow us to recycle dam sediments as a potential raw material for the development of stabilized soil blocks. For the stabilization of the prepared samples, different percentages of cement and lime were chosen respectively (0, 6, 8, 10 and 15%), (0, 5, 8 and 10%). Different compaction pressures 2, 5 and 7MPa are used. The tests carried out showed very interesting results on the mechanical strength for specimens stabilized with cement up to 8.32MPa for 15% and 5.67MPa for 10% of lime at 7MPa compaction. The obtained water absorption coefficient is about 2.6 for 15% cement and 4.04% for 10% lime; however a thermal conductivity of specimens with cement and lime is about 1.06 and 0.731W/m.k, respectively.

scholarly journals Development and mechanical properties of low fired bricks from drinking water sludge and fly ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
Z A Rahman ◽  
A S M Suhaimi ◽  
W M R Idris ◽  
T Lihan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Fired Bricks ◽  
By Products

Abstract Demand for water and energy supply has dramatically increased the amount of drinking water sludge (DW) and fly ash (FA) annually. These wastes should be properly managed and disposed to protect any potential contamination to surrounding ecosystem. Both by-products can be potentially recycled as raw material for brick development. This study aimed to examine the influence of fly ash content on mechanical properties of drinking water sludge brick at low firing temperature of 500°C. Different ratios of FA content were added to the DWS ranged between 0 and 45%. Brick sample was moulded in 215 mm x 102.5 mm x 65 mm dimension. Samples were air-dried prior to firing at 500°C for 3 hours in a furnace. Basic characterization of DW and FA showed pH of 5.76 and 10.1 with organic contents of 8.42% and 1.14%, respectively. Clay and silt fractions were dominant in DWS while silt more apparent than sand and clay in FA. The volume changes and water absorption of the brick samples decreased with increasing FA content. For the water absorption of the brick increased back as 40% of FA content. The density and compressive strength dropped with the increasing amount of FA. The compressive strength of brick experienced with sulphate attack also decreased with increasing FA content. The results suggested that further study are needed to improve the compressive strength of the studied bricks.

Comparison of Firing of the a Mass for Ceramic Tiles in Laboratory and Industrial Furnace

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 547-552
Author(s):  
Roberto Arruda Lima Soares ◽  
J.R. de S. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Industrial Furnace ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Laboratory Furnace

The present study aims to examine the differences obtained in the technological properties of a ceramic formulation for tile after firing in two different environments, laboratory furnace and industrial furnace. For this, the ceramic formulation used in the production of semi-porous ceramic tile was characterized. Chemical, mineralogical and thermal analyses in the ceramic formulation were performed. The specimens were obtained by compacting and fired at maximum temperature of 1140 o C in laboratory and industrial furnaces. The technological tests performed were linear shrinkage, water absorption, bulk density and mechanical strength. Microstructure was assessed through X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the different furnaces provided significant differences in the specimens analyzed such as higher mechanical strength and lower water absorption in samples fired in laboratory furnace, for example.

Recycling of Automotive Laminated Waste Glass in Ceramic

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 588-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio H. Munhoz ◽  
Sonia Braunstein Faldini ◽  
Leila F. de Miranda ◽  
Terezinha Jocelen Masson ◽  
Claudio Yuji Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ceramic Body ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ceramic Mass ◽  
Safety Glass ◽  
Powdered Glass ◽  
Dta And Tg ◽  
Flexural Resistance

Reducing the environmental impact is an important factor for the sustainability of environment. This paper discusses the characterization of white ceramic bodies with an industrial waste produced in the automotive industry. The use of laminated glass residue as a raw material of a ceramic body was endeavor to make a positive impact on the environment. The laminated safety glass was ground to promote separation of glass from poly (vinilbutiral). Then, the powdered glass was used as starting material in the ceramic mass and PVB was used to confer plasticity to the ceramic mass. The fired ceramic body was analyzed using thermal analysis (DTA and TG). The specimens were tested to obtain the flexural resistance and water absorption. The data shows that PVB addition improved mechanical properties and that the grinded glass powder reduced the water absorption and increased the mechanical strength of ceramic bodies after firing.

Evaluation of Phyllite and Sand in the Heavy Clay Body Composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 912 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Lucas Fonseca Amaral ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
G.C.G. Delaqua ◽  
M. Nicolite
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Three Point Bend Test

In this study the objective was to evaluate the properties affected by the incorporation of phyllite and sand as raw materials in the composition of ceramic material for the roofing tiles production with light color using kaolinite clay from Campos dos Goytacazes – RJ, Brazil as main raw material. Specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressing at 20 MPa and fired at 950oC. The determined technological properties were: dry apparent density, linear shrinkage, water absorption and mechanical strength (three point bend test). The results indicated that the incorporation of sand and phyllite improved the dry apparent density, reduced loss on ignition and aluminum oxide content of the pure clay. These factors resulted in a reduced open porosity, improving water absorption and linear shrinkage. However, the mechanical strength was compromised due to the increase of quartz content.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Biodegradable Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogel Designed to Improve Osteoinduction and Effect of Additional Binding of Tannic Acid on Hydrogel

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2535
Author(s):  
Ji-Bong Choi ◽  
Yu-Kyoung Kim ◽  
Seon-Mi Byeon ◽  
Jung-Eun Park ◽  
Tae-Sung Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cell Compatibility ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
Bone Minerals ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

In this study, a hydrogel using single and double crosslinking was prepared using GelMA, a natural polymer, and the effect was evaluated when the double crosslinked hydrogel and tannic acid were treated. The resulting hydrogel was subjected to physicochemical property evaluation, biocompatibility evaluation, and animal testing. The free radicals generated through APS/TEMED have a scaffold form with a porous structure in the hydrogel, and have a more stable structure through photo crosslinking. The double crosslinked hydrogel had improved mechanical strength and better results in cell compatibility tests than the single crosslinked group. Moreover, in the hydrogel transplanted into the femur of a rat, the double crosslinked group showed an osteoinductive response due to the attachment of bone minerals after 4 and 8 weeks, but the single crosslinked group did not show an osteoinductive response due to rapid degradation. Treatment with a high concentration of tannic acid showed significantly improved mechanical strength through H-bonding. However, cell adhesion and proliferation were limited compared to the untreated group due to the limitation of water absorption capacity, and no osteoinduction reaction was observed. As a result, it was confirmed that the treatment of high-concentration tannic acid significantly improved mechanical strength, but it was not a suitable method for improving bone induction due to the limitation of water absorption.

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