scholarly journals PARAFILIA: NATURE ATAU NURTURE? TINJAUAN TEOLOGIS DAN PSIKOLOGIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Fathonah K. Daud
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Sexual Relation ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Sharia Law

The discourse of paraphilia has become public attention. Enforcing religious values and sex education since on the early stage is an inevitable needby the society. Theologically and psychologically, there are paraphilia which characteristically given (nature)and also nurture or affected by its environment. This article tries to explore the existence of paraphilia, theologically based on Islamic law and physiologically, which is for longtime based on the societal norm judged as deviant, but today the norm was questioned, even criticized through the reason of human right. Even theologically, Islamic teaching has clearly prohibited sexual relation which is not properly following the sharia law.

Pembagian Harta Waris dalam Tradisi Masyarakat Muslim di Gorontalo

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-202
Author(s):  
Hamid Pongoliu
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Sharia Law ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Law

Gorontalo has a customary principle derived from sharia law, and the sharia law is sourced from the Qur'an, hadith, ijmak and qiyas (adati-hula'a to syara'a, syara'a hula'a to Kitabi), which should reflect the existence of the implementation of the distribution of inheritance in Islam in the Gorontalo community. This customary principle can be a source of law if it is a rational act, not immorality, done always repeatedly, does not bring harm and does not conflict with the law of sharak. But in reality there is the implementation of inheritance that violates Islamic law, namely the distribution by way of deliberation, the determination of the amount of heirs equally, the delay in the distribution of inheritance, wills with houses given to girls, wills not to distribute inheritance, distribution of assets it depends on the will of the heir and the delay in the distribution of inheritance on the grounds that one of the parents is still alive. The distribution by deliberation and determination of the amount of the portion for each heir are equally acceptable as long as they follow the guidelines of the Compilation of Islamic Law article 183 and the concept of takharruj which was previously preceded by the Shari'a division. After the heirs know the size of the portion, then they may agree to share it in their own way or leave the inheritance according to Shari'a and agree to give to each other with other heirs.

The Ruling on Aborting the Fetus and Its Effect on Inheritance: A Comparative Study between the Four Sunni Schools, Indonesian Law and Malaysian Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-93
Author(s):  
Andri Nirwana ◽  
Faisal Husen Ismail ◽  
Dhia’ul Khaq ◽  
Yeti Dahliana ◽  
Alfiyatul Aziza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Sharia Law ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Abortion is an act of killing to life which is forbidden in Islam. Abortion gives rise to differences of view among past and contemporary scholars on its enabling and prohibition. So, this study is to examine the views of scholars and laws in Indonesia and Malaysia related to abortion and its impact on inheritance ownership. This situation affects the inheritance of property to the mother from the aborted baby. The method of this study is qualitative descriptive. The approach of this research method is descriptive of content through literature. Books, journals, newspaper clippings, and legal regulations are the premier references to this study. This study finds that there are similarities and differences between sharia law and the rules applied in Indonesia and Malaysia. In terms of similarities, Islamic law and the laws in Indonesia and Malaysia provide for the prohibition of abortion. But, in certain circumstances, the fetus can be aborted for certain reasons, such as harming the mother or for medical reasons. In addition, this study found differences in punishment for women who had an abortion for no valid reason. Therefore, this study reveals the harmonization of Islamic law with the laws conducted in Indonesia and Malaysia. So, this study recommends forming a better in-depth study of efforts to harmonize the larger Islamic law to the rules regulated in Muslim countries.

scholarly journals PREWEDDING PHOTO PROCESSION AND THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN THEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Aulil Amri
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
The Family ◽  
Marriage Contract ◽  
The Law ◽  
Husband And Wife ◽  
As If

In Islamic law, pre-wedding photos have not been regulated in detail. However, pre-wedding photo activities have become commonplace by the community. It becomes a problem when pre-wedding is currently done with an intimate scene, usually the prospective bride uses sexy clothes and is also not accompanied by her mahram when doing pre-wedding photos. Even though there have been many fatwas and studies on the limits of permissibility and prohibition in the pre-wedding procession.The results show that the pre-wedding procession that is carried out by the community in terms of poses, clothes, and also assistance in accordance with Islamic law, the law is permissible. However, it often happens in the community to take photos before the marriage contract with scenes as if they are legally husband and wife and the bride's family knows without prohibiting, directing, and guiding them according to Islamic teachings. In this case the role of the family is very important, we as parents must understand the basis of religious knowledge and how to instill religious values in our children since childhood is the key to this problem dilemma.

scholarly journals THE RIGHT TO ACQUIRE THE MOTHER'S NATIONALITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (08) ◽  
pp. 225-240
Author(s):  
Hiba Thamer MAHMOOD
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Nationality Law

Acquiring the mother's nationality is a human right in general and the rights of the mother and child in particular stipulated in international conventions and the Iraqi constitution in force for the year 2005, in addition, the Iraqi Nationality Law stipulates the mother’s right to transmit nationality to her children, but according to conditions previously set by the Iraqi legislature, because it helps to reduce the issue of statelessness, is considered one of the important and contemporary jurisprudence topics, which stirred controversy among legal jurists between supporters and opponents, especially Islamic law jurists because the child is attributed to his father, and the state legislations differed in it, as well as in the legal implications of acquiring the mother’s nationality, including dual nationality, applicable law, inheritance issues and other Private international law matters. Therefore, the research dealt with the topic according to the comparative approach in two topics, the first study on the child's right to the nationality of his mother and was divided into two demands, the first requirement is what is the mother’s nationality, and the second requirement is about equality in the right to acquire a nationality, while the second topic examined the foundations of acquiring the mother’s nationality In the Iraqi Nationality Law, it was divided into two topics: The first requirement is the cases of acquiring the mother’s nationality in the Iraqi Nationality Law. The second requirement relates to how to acquire the mother’s nationality and its implications. Through the foregoing, where a number of results and proposals have been reached, we found that the transmit of nationality from the mother to the child born in the territory of a state would be beneficial in the event that the father's nationality had been rejected for political reasons, the issue of granting nationality by the mother to her children helped in the transfer of inheritance from the mother to the children and the acquisition of ownership, especially real estate, which states require the foreigner to have multiple conditions for approval of ownership, where countries have to unify their legislation regarding the mother's right to grant citizenship to her children based on the right of blood to limit the problems of international law, such as the issue of determining the applicable law, Actual nationality and other matters‎‎. Keywords: Mother's Nationality, Human Rights, Gender Equality, Acquisition of Nationality, Discrimination Against Women, International Conventions

Cognitive Impairment and Glycemic Control in Elderly Patients Under Health-Care Case Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Y. Lo ◽  
Shu-Ching Chen ◽  
Ya-Ling Yang ◽  
Yi-Hsuan Wang ◽  
Hsin-Dean Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

We aim to test whether the association between glucose control and cognitive function still holds true in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer disease (AD) under health-care case management. We enrolled 100 patients with DM (mean age: 74.6 years; male: 49%) and 102 patients with AD (mean age: 77.9 years; male: 41.2%) consecutively from the Diabetes Shared Care Program and the memory clinic. These patients were followed up every 3 months with scheduled examinations. Most patients with AD were at early stage and DM was a common comorbidity (n = 42). In the DM group, there were 76 patients with subjective cognitive decline and 19 patients with mild cognitive impairment, but none sought further consultation. After adjusting for age, sex, education, and comorbidity, higher levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were not associated with lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in the DM group (coefficient: 0.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.44 to 0.50) and lower MMSE scores were not associated with higher HbA1C in the AD group either (coefficient: −0.05; 95% CI: −0.11 to 0.01). When additionally accounting for the variability of HbA1C in the DM group, higher standard deviation of HbA1C was associated with poor clock drawing test scores, but not MMSE. The coexistence of AD-DM was common, but the association between hyperglycemia and cognitive impairment was not seen in patients under regular health monitoring.

The Association Between NRMN STAR Grantsmanship Self-Efficacy and Grant Submission

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-566
Author(s):  
Harlan P. Jones ◽  
Jamboor K. Vishwanatha ◽  
Edward L. Krug ◽  
Eileen Harwood ◽  
Kristin Eide Boman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Grant Writing ◽  
Academic Rank ◽  
Training Institution ◽  
Federal Grant

Background: Eliminating the NIH fund­ing gap among underrepresented minori­ties (URMs) remains a high priority for the National Institutes of Health. In 2014, the National Research Mentoring Network1 Steps Toward Academic Research (NRMN STAR) program recruited postdoctoral, early-stage and junior faculty to participate in a 12-month grant writing and professional development program. The expectation of the program was to increase the number of grant submissions and awards to URM re­searchers. Although receiving a grant award is the gold standard of NRMN STAR, instill­ing confidence for postdocs and early-stage faculty to submit an application is a critical first step. Based on our previous study, a sustained increase in trainee self-efficacy score over a 24-month period was observed after completing NRMN STAR.Methods: The current study sought to determine the association between self-efficacy score and grant submissions among two cohorts of trainees. Grantsmanship Self-Efficacy was measured using a 19-item questionnaire previously described by and used in our own work, which was originally adapted from an 88-item Clinical Research Appraisal Inventory.2 A binary variable was created to identify trainees who submit­ted an initial or revised proposal vs those who abandoned their proposal or were still writing. Trainees were assessed prior to and following program completion with subsequent assessments at 6 and 12 months beyond participation.Results: As of June 20, 2019, 12 of the 21 (57%) trainees had submitted a grant proposal (eg, NIH, other federal or non-federal grant). For every point increase in 12-month post assessments, Grantsmanship Self-Efficacy scores across all domains had a 44% higher prevalence of submitting a grant after controlling for race, sex, education  level, academic rank, research experience, duration of postdoctoral training, institution type, and NRMN STAR cohort.  Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that NRMN STAR had a positive impact on trainees’ confidence in grant writing and professional development activities, which resulted in higher grant submis­sion rates.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(4):559-566; doi:10.18865/ed.31.4.559

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN SUASANA KEBERAGAMAAN DALAM LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Al'Adalah ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Matrapi Matrapi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Student Behaviour ◽  
Education Today ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Role Of The Principal

Pendidikan Islam dewasa ini telah banyak ternodai oleh ulah dan tingkah laku murid yang melakukan asusila dan pelanggaran norma-norma agama lainnya. Oleh karena itu, saat ini perlu adanya kebijakan sekolah untuk menghidupkan suasana keberagamaan di lingkungan sekolah dalam rangka menumbuhkan perilaku murid yang sesuai dengan pendidikan Pancasila dan syariat Islam. Sebagai pemimpin sekolah, peranan kepala madrasah sangat menentukan apabila dikaitkan dengan berbagai persoalan di atas. Sebagai seorang pendidik, dia juga harus mampu menanamkan, mengembangkan, dan meningkatkan nilai-nilai religius. Untuk itu, perlu kebijakan yang dapat mendukung terciptanya suasana yang keberagamaan dan kenyamanan dalam proses belajar-mengajar, yakni setiap guru dan murid harus selalu berperilaku terpuji atau akhlaq al-karimah. Islamic education today has been tarnished by many students who commit immorality and violate other religious norms. Thus, currently, madrasah principals really need to make policies to revive the religious atmosphere within the madrasah in order to foster student behaviour in accordance with Pancasila education and Islamic law. Considering that the principal is also an educator, the role of the principal is very heavy and noble when linked to the various sources above. As an educator, he must be able to instil, promote and enhance various religious values. To support the creation of a religious atmosphere and comfort in the teaching and learning process, every teacher and student must always behave well and show noble character (akhlaq al-karimah).

scholarly journals JUDICIAL REVIEW MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TENTANG STATUS ANAK DI LUAR NIKAH

ALQALAM ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Asep O Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Crucial Point ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Hard Case ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Law Construction

This study focuses on adjudication of the judges of MK in which in the tradition of law research, it is called law propositions. It means that based on ideal scientific activities of law science, this study enables to cover several activities: inventories, interpreting, systemizing, and evaluating rules of law, both written and unwritten. According to Gustav Radbruch, of all four activities, interpreting and systemizing are more important. Idealization of such a scientific activity will just get the precision of its verification when it has been completed try an empirical research through deep interviews with the judges of MK. All this time, the writer’s has not conducted distillation or construed the law hidden behind the texts of law. This paper is the writer's initial observation or his preliminary research. Based on religious and law norm of the material of adjudication of judicial review of MK, this study is still normative. According to the writer, the characteristics of the adjudication of the judges of MK is a crucial point or a hard case because it deals with the sensitive areas covered several dimensions such as religion, human right, nationalistic politics. The writer argues that such a kind of crucial adjudication is not proper if the judges only rely on the procedures of formal law, but it needs an innovation or rule of breaking as a form of law innovation (rechtsvinding), indeed rechtsvinding plus. This is a farm of law construction, in which in the tradition of inference of Islamic law it is similar to logical reasoning “al-'illah al­ mustanbathah”: to reach beneficence in the context of state life.Keywords: Mashlahah, rechtsvinding, diyani, qadlai    

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHT AND ISLAMIC LAW: Sebuah Upaya “Menuntaskan” Wacana-Wacana Kemanusiaan

Dialogia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Febri Hijroh Mukhlis
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Religious View ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Action ◽  
Information And Technology

Abstract: Islam offers eternal universal message, namely justice, equality, respect and humanity. This universal message is the holy Sunnah of the Prophet.  Due to the advanced information and technology, the current problems of mankind increasingly appear. The problem can be viewed positively if everyone  understands completely the universal message of prophethood by always stand in the social-humanity. This articleis intended to examine the issue of human rights and Islamic law as an effort to end the dichotomy between Islam and humanitarian problems. It employed descriptive qualitative study that concern with a conceptual disputes. The findings showed that the dichotomy between the concept of human rights and Islamic law must be completed in terms of equality and humanity. Humanitarian affairs are a common action regardless of any interests, religion, politics, culture and even knowledge. If the harmony and understanding between the concept of humanity in the religious or tauhid framework is absence, the understanding of humanity must be freed from all forms of identity interest. Islamic law and human rights are two matters that support each other. Islam respects human rights and vice versa. The religious view must be universal as the views of human rights should also be universal. Each restricted view narrows the relationship.  كان الإسلام يحمل رسالة عالمية وهي العدالة والمساواة والاحترام والإنسانية. ملخص:وهذه الرسالة العالمية في الواقع من السنة النبوية المقدسة. ولكن الآن هناك مشكلات متنوعة يواجهها الإنسان فى عصر المعلومات والتكنولوجيات. وهذه المشكلات يمكن أن تكون إيجابية إذا كان الإنسان يفهم حقوق الرسالة النبوية العالمية التي تميل دائما إلى مجال الاجتماعية-الإنسانية. تبحث هذا البحث فى دراسة قضية حقوق الإنسان والشريعة الإسلامية كالمحاولة لإنهاء التناقض بين الشريعة والإنسانية. هذه المقالة من البحث النظري باستخدام الدراسة النوعية الوصفية. وخلاصة هذه المقالة أن ليس هناك التناقض بين مفهوم حقوق الإنسان والشريعة الإسلامية لأن أهدافها متساوية وهي العدالة والمساواة والإنسانية. ومن الممكن حل المشكلات الإنسانية تحت رعاية الشريعة الإسلامية والإنسانية بدون النظر إلى أية دين، وسياسة، وثقافة، ومعرفة. وإذا كان هناك التناقض بين مفهوم الإنسانية والشريعة الإسلامية فيجب أن تقدّم الإنسانية براءة من أية علاقة الهوية. إن الشريعة الإسلامية وحقوق الإنسان فى الحقيقة أمران يدعمان بعضهما بعضا. الإسلام يحترم حقوق الإنسان وكذلك العكس. ويجب أن تكون الفكرة الدينية عالمية وكذلك آراء حقوق الإنسان فينبغي أن تكون عالمية أيضا. الفكرة الضيقة لكل منها ستحمل إلى العلاقة الضيقة بينها. Abstrak: Islam membawa pesan universal yang abadi, yakni, keadilan, persamaan, penghargaan dan kemanusiaan. Pesan universal inilah sebenarnya Sunnah Nabi yang suci. Namun problem terkini umat manusia begitu variatif, degan semakin majunya informasi dan teknologi. Problem tersebut bisa menjadi positif jika semua orang benar-benar memahami pesan universal kenabian dengan selalu memihak kepada sosial-kemanusiaan. Artikel ini berupaya mengkaji problem HAM dan hukum Islam sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mengakhiri dikotomi antara Islam dan problem kemanusiaan. Artikel ini merupakan kajian konseptual, dengan jenis kajian kualitatif deskriptif. Kesimpulan dari kajian ini yaitu, dikotomi antara konsep HAM dan hukum Islam haruslah dituntaskan, kedunya pada satu ujung tujuan, yakni keadilan, kesetaraan dan kemanusiaan. Urusan kemanusiaan adalah urusan bersama tanpa memandang kepentingan apapun, baik agama, politik, budaya, bahkan pengetahuan. Jika tidak adanya keharmonisan dan kesepahaman antara konsep kemanusiaan dalam bingkai keagamaan atau tauhid maka pemahaman tentang kemanusiaan haruslah dibebaskan dari segala bentuk kepentingan identitas. Hukum Islam dan HAM adalah dua hal yang saling mendukung. Islam menghargai HAM begitupun sebaliknya. Pandangan agama haruslah bersifat universal sebagaimana pandangan mengenai HAM juga sebaiknya bersifat universal. Pandangan masing-masing yang sempit akan menyempitkan hubungan keduanya pula. Keywords: international human right, Islamic law, humanity  

scholarly journals Principal Policy in Developing Islamic Student Characters

Khatulistiwa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Ahmad Tanzeh ◽  
Imam Junaris
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Young Generation

A principal has an important role in establishing student character because a principal is authorized to put policies and rules related to the development of educational institutions. The principal rule is to lead, to guide and to counsel the teachers and staff, so that they can carry out their duties properly. The teacher as an educator and facilitator is an extension of the principal in developing student character. The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency occurred recently is a proof that at this time the spiritual mentality of young generation still weak. Therefore, it is very important to encourage religious values, character and cultural building to the students at the early stage/age.

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