scholarly journals The Call for Islamic Economics: Shades of Contestation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhar Ibrahim

This paper attempts to highlight some of the criticisms made against the ideas of Islamic economics. The discourse of Islamic economics is relatively recent, although its expression could be traced to more than five decades ago. Today there are countless discussions and affirmations for Islamic economics, coming from both experts in the area of economy and Islamic legal thought, apart from the many journalistic advocacy type that is enamored by the call for the establishment of Islamic economics, or at least the Islamic banking. While there is much celebration to this idea, the criticism against it is far less and hardly noticeable. To date, Timur Kuran and to some extent Nazih Ayubi have been vocal in highlighting the rhetorics and the insubstantiality of the idea of Islamic economics.Keywords: Islamic economics, Islamic identity, sharia

Author(s):  
Ahmad Rafiki

The Islamic banks in Indonesia have a serious issue of a low market share of 5%. This emerged due to the limited/unvaried product range, low literacy and inclusion level of Islamic finance, unfavorable perception for Islamic banking, and limited distribution networks and outreach. All of these causes could be resolved by using social media, which will bring several opportunities such as transparency and openness, effective marketing channels, stakeholders' relationship, social media content, brand image and reputation, shariah compliance activity, learning and knowledge, and greater personalization. Meanwhile, in using social media, the Islamic banks face few challenges such as network infrastructure, negative comments, information risk management, privacy, and deception. This chapter can be a reference to any institutions, particularly the Islamic banks which associated with digital interfaces and interactions in their daily businesses. Thus expectedly, the Islamic banks could enhance the public trust and establish a good Islamic identity.


Author(s):  
Rita Mulyani

With the development of increasingly advanced times, the bank continues to make new innovations so that at this time the bank is no longer just an institution that functions to collect and distribute funds, but at the same time also as an intermediary in the payment traffic. However, the Muslim community strives to realize banking based on sharia principles. For this reason, several Muslim countries have slowly begun to establish Islamic Banks. The development of Islamic banking is quite significant in several countries, but of the many countries, Indonesia actually has a different side. The difference lies in the term used to refer to a non-conventional bank. While other countries commonly refer to it as an Islamic Bank, in Indonesia it is actually called the Sharia Banking because the idea of ​​the Islamic Bank is alleged to have contained political and SARA elements. With high stretches owned by several Muslim countries to establish shari'ah banking, Indonesia as the country with the largest Muslim population in the world established the first sharia banking under the name Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) which was officially operated in 1992. From year to year, Sharia banking growth is very fast. Keywords : Banking, Sharia Banking,Indonesia.   Abstrak Dengan perkembangan zaman yang semakin maju, bank terus melakukan inovasi baru sehingga pada saat ini bank tidak lagi hanya sekedar lembaga yang berfungsi menghimpun dan menyalurkan dana saja, namun sekaligus juga sebagai intermediasi dalam lalu lintas pembayaran. Namun, komunitas Muslim berusaha untuk mewujudkan perbankan berdasarkan prinsip syariah. Atas dasar alasan inilah, beberapa negara muslim perlahan mulai mendirikan Bank Islam. Perkembangan perbankan Islam cukup signifikan terjadi di beberapa negara, tetapi dari sekian banyak negara, Indonesia justru memiliki sisi yang berbeda. Perbedaan tersebut terletak pada istilah yang dipakai untuk menyebut bank yang nonkonvensional.Di saat negara-negara lain lazim menyebutnya sebagai Bank Islam, di Indonesia justrumenyebutnya Bank Syari’ah karena istilah Bank Islam diduga mengandung unsur politik dan SARA.Dengan geliat tinggi yang dimiliki oleh beberapa negara muslim untuk mendirikan perbankan syari’ah, Indonesia sebagai negara dengan populasi muslim terbesar di dunia mendirikan perbankan syariah pertama dengan nama Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) yang secara resmi beroperasi pada tahun 1992.Dari tahun ke tahun, pertumbuhan perbankan syari’ah sangatcepat. Kata Kunci : Perbankan, Perbankan Syariah, Indonesia.


1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Deonna Kelli

Identity politics has become the catch phrase of the postmodern age. Withconcepts such as "exile," "migrancy," and "hybridity" acquiring unprecedentedcultural significance in the late twentieth century, the postcolonial age givesway to new identities, fractured modes of living, and new conditions of humanity.Literature is a powerful tool to explore such issues in an era where a greatdeal of the world is displaced, and the idea of a homeland becomes a disrupted,remote possibility. The Postcolonial Crescent: Islam's Impact onContemporary Literature, is an attempt to discuss how Muslims negotiateidentity at a time of rapid and spiritually challenging transculturation. The bookuses fiction written by Muslims to critique the effects of colonialism, counteractmodernity, and question the status of Islamic identity in the contemporaryworld. It also can be considered as the primary introduction of contemporaryIslamic literature into the postcolonial genre. Muslim writers have yet to submit a unique and powerful commentary on postcolonial and cultural studies;this work at least softens that absence.The Postcolonial Crescent was conceived as a response to The SatanicVerses controversy. Therefore, it is “intimately involved in the interchangebetween religion and the state, and demonstrates that the roles Islam is playingin postcolonial nation-building is especially contested in the absence of broadlyacceptable models” (p. 4). Conflicting issues of identity are approached byinterrogating the authority to define a “correct” Islamic identity, the role ofindividual rights, and the “variegation of Islamic expression within specificcultural settings, suggesting through the national self-definitions the many concernsthat the Islamic world shares with global postcoloniality” (p. 7) ...


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-92
Author(s):  
Intan Qurratulaini

This study aims to determine the effect of consumer knowledge about Islamic banking on the decision to become a customer at a Sharia Microfinance Institution (LKMS). A research method is a quantitative approach, where data is obtained through questionnaires (questionnaires), interviews, and documentation. After the data was obtained, the researcher analyzed it using regression analysis. Partial calculation results show that consumer knowledge about Islamic banking influences the decision to become a customer. One of the toughest challenges that many LKMS are now facing is the many accusations that LKMS is just conventional financial institutions with a sharia label added. LKMS consumers, becoming customers only want to secure their money or because of the profit-sharing offered by LKMS so that they can facilitate their economic path, besides that, they are also interested in the Islamic label or sharia system developed by the LKMS but in detail, they do not understand the process of implementing the sharia, but whether One's knowledge of sharia in the LKMS is a factor in the decision to become an interesting customer for further investigation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Wan Noor Hazlina Wan Jusoh ◽  
Anita Md. Shariff

Islamic banks have very much engaged in debt financing businesses the same way and as much as their conventional counterparts do.  Debt financing businesses, as widely implemented, were specifically targeted for and tailored to the needs of middle and upper income group of people.  The low income people remain left out and forgotten in most banking businesses while microfinance instruments, which are meant to help the poor and needy, remain unpopular among the banking institutions. There is indeed increasing calls for Islamic banks to seriously consider this type of instrument as part of their religious obligation embedded under their Islamic identity. This paper demonstrated that microfinance instruments are viable for Islamic banks to consider despite the claims that the contracts are less secured and hence, too risky to embark in.   A number of microfinance instruments based on Islamic concepts namely Musyarakah, Murabahah, Mudharabah, Ijarah and Qard al-Hassan as well as operational frameworks such as SPV and wakalah, were being proposed and discussed to pave ways for its implementation by the Islamic banks.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Nadia Nadia

Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, who is an expert in the fields of hadith and Islamic jurisprudence. He is known as the founder of the Hanbali mazhab. Many assume that Ibn Hanbal is not a fukaha but only a muhaddis, an expression like this is based on his interest in deepening the field of hadith and the many hadiths he has collected and the fatwa that tends to follow Imam Shafi'i who is his teacher, which is a strong reason for the assumption. make it interesting to review what life really is like and the characteristics of his legal thought. Ahmad Ibn Hanbal is not someone who is fanatical about his fatwas and he has a method of istimbath that is different from other Imams by giving more portions to nash than ra’yu.


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Ji Ma

AbstractGiven the many types of suboptimality in perception, I ask how one should test for multiple forms of suboptimality at the same time – or, more generally, how one should compare process models that can differ in any or all of the multiple components. In analogy to factorial experimental design, I advocate for factorial model comparison.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Spurrett

Abstract Comprehensive accounts of resource-rational attempts to maximise utility shouldn't ignore the demands of constructing utility representations. This can be onerous when, as in humans, there are many rewarding modalities. Another thing best not ignored is the processing demands of making functional activity out of the many degrees of freedom of a body. The target article is almost silent on both.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tomasello

Abstract My response to the commentaries focuses on four issues: (1) the diversity both within and between cultures of the many different faces of obligation; (2) the possible evolutionary roots of the sense of obligation, including possible sources that I did not consider; (3) the possible ontogenetic roots of the sense of obligation, including especially children's understanding of groups from a third-party perspective (rather than through participation, as in my account); and (4) the relation between philosophical accounts of normative phenomena in general – which are pitched as not totally empirical – and empirical accounts such as my own. I have tried to distinguish comments that argue for extensions of the theory from those that represent genuine disagreement.


1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.


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