scholarly journals The influence of electrocoagulation to the reduction of COD, BOD, and TSS of Batik Industry wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Faida Zuhria ◽  
Sarto Sarto ◽  
Imam Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Voltage Variation ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Initial Measurement

Despite of the positive effect of the growth of Batik industry in Yogyakarta to economy, the waste water pollution of dying process of Batik industry has negative impact to environment. Initial measurement of COD, BOD and TSS of waste water resulted from dying process of Batik that implemented Naphtolat and Diazo Salts were exceeded the threshold. Hence, this study implemented electrocoagulation for processing Batik wastewater. The results showed that the range of the electrodes and the voltage are give effect to the reduction in COD, BOD, and TSS in liquid sewage electrocoagulation process in dye wastewater in batik industry "Rara Djonggrang". The optimum electrode range on TSS and BOD reduction in the optimum is  a range of 2 cm with 85.71% of TSS decrease and 7.02% of BOD reduction, while the optimum COD reduction in a range of 4 cm with a decrease of 92.18%. The voltage give effect to decrease in TSS and COD are 15 V, with 85.71% of TSS decrease and 92.18% of COD reduction. The most optimum of BOD value is ​​using voltage variation 10 V and a range of 6 cm. Electrocoagulation process with using aluminum electrode is the most appropriate for treating Diazol Salt sewage.

scholarly journals ELEKTROKOAGULASI MONOPOLAR UNTUK MENYISIHKAN ORGANIK DAN MINYAK LEMAK AIR BUANGAN DOMESTIK (GREY WATER)

Jurnal Dampak ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Ansiha Nur ◽  
Agus Jatnika
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Grey Water ◽  
Detention Time ◽  
Electrochemical Technology ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Aluminum Electrodes ◽  
Grade 3

Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical technology to treat organic and inorganic wastewater without the use of chemicals so as not to increase the burden of environmental pollution. Electrocoagulation performance is influenced by electrode type, current density and number of electrodes. The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of COD and oil grease removal from domestic waste water (grey water) through electrocoagulation process. The experiment was conducted in batch using monopolar electrode configuration, with aluminum electrodes 95,7%. In this research, electric current density 21-104 A/m2, detention time and pH were varied. The optimum condition was obtained at current density of 104 A/m2 for 15 minutes with COD and oil grease removal consecutively are 87.48% and 77.50%. The result of this electrocoagulation process shows COD and oil grease concentration of 15.02 mg/L and 4.20 mg/L are under the standard of Ministry of Environment Decree No. 112 Year 2011 grade 3, to be used for watering plants and flushing the hotel toilet.Keywords: electrocoagulation, aluminum electrode, monopolar, current density, grey waterABSTRAKElektrokoagulasi merupakan teknologi elektrokimia untuk mengolah limbah organik dan anorganik tanpa menggunakanbahan kimia sehingga tidakmenambah bebanpencemaran lingkungan.Kinerja elektrokoagulasi dipengaruhi oleh jenis elektroda,kerapatanarusdan jumlah elektroda.Tujuanpenelitian ini untuk mengetahuiefektifitas penurunan organik (COD) dan minyak lemak dari airbuangan domestik (grey water) melalui proses elektrokoagulasi. Percobaan dilakukan secara batch menggunakan konfigurasi susunan elektroda monopolar, dengan jenis elektrodaberupaplat alumunium 95,7%.Variasi penelitian pada reaktor batch adalah terhadap kerapatan arus listrik21-104 A/m2, waktu detensi dan pH.Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada kerapatan arus 104 A/m2pada menit ke-15 denganpenyisihanCOD dan minyak lemakyaitusebesar 87,48% dan 77,50%. Hasil proses elektrokoagulasiini menunjukkan nilai COD sebesar 15,02 mg/L dan minyak lemak 4,20 mg/Lberada di bawah baku mutu Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 112 Tahun 2011kelas 3, untuk dimanfaatkan untuk penyiraman tanaman dan penggelontoran toilet hotel.Kata kunci: elektrokoagulasi, elektroda aluminium, monopolar, kerapatan arus, grey water

scholarly journals Songket Industry Wastewater Processing Using Electrocoagulation Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Rusdianasari Rusdianasari ◽  
Ibnu Hajar ◽  
Indri Ariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Aluminum Electrode ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Industry Wastewater

The increment of Songket popularity as the traditional fabric from South Sumatra increases the production of Songket and the wastewater produced during the dying process. The dying process produces the reddish wastewater, and if it is disposed of directly into the environment, it will have a negative impact on the waters. The wastewater treatment of this reddish liquid is by electrocoagulation method. Electrocoagulation method is contaminants removal by electrical and chemical treatment system. The electrocoagulation method in this research was conducted in a batch where the wastewater was treated using 16.5 x 7.0 x 0.2 cm aluminum electrode. The parameters varied were the current density and processing time to determine the pH value, color intensity, BOD5, COD, TSS, and phenol levels. The optimum condition obtained from this study at a current density of 25 A/m2 with a processing time of 160 minutes. The effectiveness of Songket wastewater electrocoagulation was 67.28% for TSS, 54.13% for BOD5, 63.64% for COD, color intensity 79.21% and phenol content of 74.93% respectively. The result has fulfilled the quality standard of textile industry wastewater treatment.

REVIEWS OF ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS ON WASTE WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taty Hernaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Waste water treatment by industry usually uses chemicals that may lead to additional environmental pollution load. On the other hand, water demand increases and environmental regulations regarding waste water disposal requirements that apply more stringent. It is necessary for waste treatment technique that accommodate this requirement. Electrocoagulation process is a technique of wastewater treatment that has been chosen because the technique is environmentally friendly. This paper will review some of the research or application electrocoagulation process which is conducted on industrial waste water. Types of industrial waste water that is to be reviewed include: industries batik, sarongs, textiles, palm oil, slaughterhouses, food, leather tanning, laundry, pulp and paper. Overview reviewed in this research include the waste water treatment process in several processing variations such as: change in time, electricity and kind of electrodes. The results of the research with electrocoagulation process in the industry are the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, Chrome, phosphate, surfactants, color turbidity influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. The results of the study with electrocoagulation process in the industry is the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, chromium, phosphate, surfactant, turbidity color that are influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. It is hoped the information presented in this article can be a reference for similar research for the improvement of research on the process ektrokoagulasi.Key words: elektrocoagulation, removal eficiency, environmental friendly

CHANGES IN THE GENEALOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE BREEDING STOCK OF THE YAROSLAVL BREED IN THE VOLOGDA REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
N.I. ABRAMOVA ◽  
G.S. VLASOVA ◽  
O.L. KHROMOVA
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Vologda Region ◽  
Ideal Line ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Modern Population ◽  
Positive Effect

Проведен сопоставительный анализ генеалогической структуры племенного поголовья ярославской породы Вологодской области по данным 2005 и 2018 годов. Установлено, что в 2005 году в структуру породы входили 8 отечественных генеалогических линий. В результате скрещивания с голштинской породой произошли значительные изменения. Доля животных, принадлежащих к линиям ярославской породы, уменьшилась со 100% в 2005 году до 35,3% в 2018 году. В генеалогическую структуру современной популяции добавились 3 линии голштинской селекции, к которым на 1.01.2019 года относится большая часть маточного поголовья: к линии Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998 — 42,9%, Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415 — 13%, Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 — 8,8%. Скрещивание с голштинской породой оказало положительное влияние на повышение молочной продуктивности животных ярославской породы. Средний надой на 1 корову увеличился на 1670 кг молока, доля коров с продуктивностью более 6000 кг молока выросла на 35%. В результате расчета корреляционной зависимости между кровностью по голштинской породе и массовой долей жира и белка в молоке установлено, что скрещивание не ухудшило качественные показатели молока коров ярославской породы (степень кровности с МДЖ — r=-0,01; с МДБ — r=0,09; P<0,01), но в то же время отразилось отрицательно на продолжительности хозяйственного использования животных в стаде (r=-0,27; P<0,001). Для дальнейшего совершенствования породы следует определить оптимальную степень прилития крови голштинской породы. А с целью сохранения генофонда необходимо получение нового поколения чистопородных быков ярославской породы с более высоким потенциалом продуктивности. The authors conduct a comparative analysis of the genealogical structure of the breeding stock of the Yaroslavl breed in the Vologda region on the basis of the data for 2005 and 2018. It is established that in 2005 the structure of the breed included 8 domestic genealogical lines. As a result of the crossing with the Holstein breed, significant changes occurred. The share of animals of the Yaroslavl breed lines decreased from 100% in 2005 to 35.3% in 2018. The genealogical structure of the modern population got 3 added lines of the Holstein selection which as of 1.01.2019 include most of the breeding stock: Reflection Sovering line 198998 - 42.9%, Vis Back Ideal line 1013415 - 13%, and Montwick Chieftain line 95679 - 8.8%. The crossing with the Holstein breed had a positive effect on the increase in the milk productivity of the Yaroslavl breed animals. The average milk yield per 1 cow increased by 1670 kg of milk and the share of cows with the productivity of more than 6000 kg of milk increased by 35%. The results of the calculations of the correlation between the Holstein thoroughbredness and the fat and protein content in the milk showed that the crossing did not impair the quality indicators of the milk the Yaroslavl breed cows (thoroughbredness degree with the fat content r=-0.01; with the protein content r=0.09 P<0.01), but at the same time had a negative impact on the duration of the economic use of the animals in the herd (r=-0.27; P<0.001). For further improvement of the breed, there is a need to determine the optimal degree of crossing with the Holstein breed. Also, in order to preserve the gene pool, there is a need to obtain a new generation of purebred bulls of the Yaroslavl breed with a higher productivity potential.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the Treatment of Developmental Language Disorder: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Sara Rinaldi ◽  
Maria Cristina Caselli ◽  
Valentina Cofelice ◽  
Simonetta D’Amico ◽  
Anna Giulia De Cagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Disorder ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
Expressive Vocabulary ◽  
Phonological Skills ◽  
Syntactic Skills ◽  
Positive Effect

Background. Language disorder is the most frequent developmental disorder in childhood and it has a significant negative impact on children’s development. The goal of the present review was to systematically analyze the effectiveness of interventions in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) from an evidence-based perspective. Methods. We considered systematic reviews, meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), control group cohort studies on any type of intervention aimed at improving children’s skills in the phono-articulatory, phonological, semantic-lexical, and morpho-syntactic fields in preschool and primary school children (up to eight years of age) that were diagnosed with DLD. We identified 27 full-length studies, 26 RCT and one review. Results. Early intensive intervention in three- and four-year-old children has a positive effect on phonological expressive and receptive skills and acquisitions are maintained in the medium term. Less evidence is available on the treatment of expressive vocabulary (and no evidence on receptive vocabulary). Intervention on morphological and syntactic skills has effective results on expressive (but not receptive) skills; however, a number of inconsistent results have also been reported. Only one study reports a positive effect of treatment on inferential narrative skills. Limited evidence is also available on the treatment of meta-phonological skills. More studies investigated the effectiveness of interventions on general language skills, which now appears as a promising area of investigation, even though results are not all consistent. Conclusions. The effectiveness of interventions over expressive and receptive phonological skills, morpho-syntactic skills, as well as inferential skills in narrative context underscores the importance that these trainings be implemented in children with DLD.

scholarly journals Sewage Sludge as a Tool in Limiting the Content of Trace Elements in Avena sativa L. on the Soil Polluted with Diesel Oil

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4003
Author(s):  
Mirosław Wyszkowski ◽  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Natalia Kordala
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil (0; 5; 10 and 15 cm3 kg−1 of soil) on the content of trace elements in the aboveground parts of oat (Avena sativa L.). Stabilised sewage sludge was used to mitigate the likely negative impact of diesel oil on the plant. Growing soil contamination with diesel oil had a significant impact on the content of trace elements in the aboveground biomass of oat. In the series without sewage sludge, the contents of the analysed elements, except for chromium, zinc, copper and cobalt, were positively correlated with the increasing doses of diesel oil. The largest increase in the content was recorded in the case of manganese. The sewage sludge used to reduce the influence of diesel oil on the chemical composition of oat had a positive effect on the content of the analysed trace elements. Compared to the series without the addition of a stabilised sewage sludge, it contributed to a reduction in the average content of chromium, nickel, copper, manganese and cobalt in the aboveground parts of oat plants. No significant effect of the applied remediation treatment was noted for cadmium, and the results were equivocal for iron.

scholarly journals Application of Electrocoagulation Process for Dairy Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Hossein Moein ◽  
Ferdos Kord Mostafapour ◽  
Shima Nakhaie
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Aluminum Electrodes ◽  
Industry Wastewater

Dairy industry wastewater is characterized by high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and other pollution load. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the operating parameters such as applied voltage, number of electrodes, and reaction time on a real dairy wastewater in the electrocoagulation process. For this purpose, aluminum electrodes were used in the presence of potassium chloride as electrolytes. It has been shown that the removal efficiency of COD, BOD5, and TSS increased with increasing the applied voltage and the reaction time. The results indicate that electrocoagulation is efficient and able to achieve 98.84% COD removal, 97.95% BOD5removal, 97.75% TSS removal, and >99.9% bacterial indicators at 60 V during 60 min. The experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of electrocoagulation techniques for the treatment of dairy wastewaters. Finally, the results demonstrated the technical feasibility of electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrodes as a reliable technique for removal of pollutants from dairy wastewaters.

scholarly journals Violation of some parameters of pigment and lipid metabolism in experimental pneumonia in immobilization stress and their correction by corvitin

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. М. Ferents
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Experimental Pneumonia ◽  
Positive Effect

<p>Research results have shown the liver damage in terms of EP and IS in violation of its functional state. High<br />levels of bilirubin and cholesterol suggests the existence of violation of integrity hepatocytes syndrome which is<br />caused by the negative impact of VC in terms of IS . Using the domestic drug “Corvitin”, resulted in a significant<br />decrease in the changed parameters of bilirubin and cholesterol under conditions of formation of EP and IP , indicating<br />its positive effect adjustment.</p>

scholarly journals Морфологічні зміни тимусу курчат при різних схемах антибактеріальної терапії

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
L.Y. Lyzogub
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Effect

The maximum number of products at the lowest cost – is the main thing, what modern poultry industry can be characterized. One of the most pressing problems at the moment is early antibiotic therapy and the associated safety of young poultry early age. In this regard, of particular interest for this study is how the most widely used antibacterial drugs effects on the one of key organs of the immune system – thymus. The article presents the data obtained in the course of the experiment, which determines how preventive treatment schemes, that includes usage single and multiple antibacterial drugs, influenced on the morphological status of the chickens thymus. We selected scheme and a combination of antibacterial drugs have not been studied previously. That was compared with the usage of probiotic Bolmol at the same treatment scheme. A comparison of morpho-functional state of the thymus of chickens 15-, 22- and 41-days-old, when applying several treatments schemes. The schemes of treatment included: the usage of one or two antibiotics during the cycle, compared with the usage of probiotic. We made the conclusions about the absence of the negative impact of selected drugs on the morphofunctional state of the thymus and the positive effect of probiotic «Bolmol». The morphometric parameters of the cortex and medulla in the lobules of the thymus of chicks 15-day-old, taking as an antibacterial drug probiotic Bolmol, were not significantly different from control values and were statistically significant when compared with chicks who used antibiotics: the width of the cortical area was on 15% and 29.09% wider then chickens receiving antibiotic treatment. This indicates a positive effect of probiotic Bolmol compared with antibacterial agents which were chosen. Thus, these data demonstrate that the use of probiotics in cyclic schemes of antibiotic prophylaxis contribute to the normal development of the thymus, which in turn leads to increased resistance and preservation of poultry. Was given the substantiation about safely usage of cyclic schemes of antibacterial drugs in the event of objective necessity.

scholarly journals Impact of Electronic Monitoring on Employees: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Siegel ◽  
Cornelius J. König ◽  
Veronika Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect

Electronic monitoring is more and more widespread and affects many employees around the globe. The current meta analysis collected data of 59 independent samples (with 223 effect sizes) to estimate the effect of electronic monitoring on job satisfaction, stress, and performance. A random-effects model indicated a small negative effect of monitoring on job satisfaction, r=-.09, and a small positive effect on stress, r=.12. There was no relationship with performance, r=-.01. Even if the effects of monitoring on job satisfaction and stress are small, taking the large number of employees who are monitored for several hours a day into account, these effects may have a severe and negative impact on employees’ well-being. Performance maintenance is the main justification for the use of electronic monitoring, but the non-existing relationship of monitoring with performance questions the validity of this justification.

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