scholarly journals Respiratory Function in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome: Comparative evaluation of Impulse Oscillometry and Spirometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Kilci ◽  
Zeynep Uyan ◽  
Mehtap Çelakıl ◽  
Kenan Dogan ◽  
Kenan Bek
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Impulse Oscillometry ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
And Control

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the respiratory functions of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) by IOS and its correlation with spirometry. Methods: Fifty-five NS patients aged 3–18 years were included as the study group and 40 healthy children of the same age formed the control group. Patients were divided into nephrotic phase (first attack and relapse) and remission. Demographic, anthropometric and laboratory data of the children were recorded. Respiratory functions were evaluated by IOS and spirometry. Children over 6 years old performed both IOS and spirometry while children under 6 years performed only IOS. Results: The R (R5%, R10%, R5-20) and AX and Z5% values of IOS in patients with nephrotic phase were higher than remission patients and control group while spirometry indices of FEV1%, FEV1/FVC, PEF% and MEF25-75% were lower. FEV1% showed negative correlation with R5%, R10%, R15%, X10% and X15% results, FEV1/FVC% showed negative correlation with R5%, R5-20 and X15% results, FVC showed negative correlation with X10% results, MEF25-75% showed negative correlation with, R5%, R10%, R5-20, X15%, F res, Z5% and AX results. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that respiratory functions measured by IOS and spirometry were affected at the time of nephrotic phase in NS patients. And IOS, a novel method easily applicable even in small children, is a valuable and reliable tool to detect this condition; given its good correlation with spirometry. Keywords Nephrotic syndrome, Respiratory functions, Spirometry, Impulse Oscillometry

scholarly journals Salivary cytokines in children with nephrotic syndrome versus healthy children: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pollak ◽  
Yael Borovitz ◽  
Dana Levy ◽  
Yehuda Klein ◽  
Nathalie Bernfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Disease Remission ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Steroid Sensitivity ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: The aims of this study were to compare salivary cytokines and total protein, between children with nephrotic syndrome and healthy children; and to examine whether saliva parameters can differentiate between steroid sensitivity and resistance, and between disease remission and relapse. Methods: Twenty-seven children with nephrotic syndrome were classified according to steroid sensitivity and resistance, and disease remission and relapse. Twenty healthy children served as controls. Whole saliva samples were collected from all the participants. Urine and blood tests done on the same day as the saliva collection were recorded. Salivary total protein was quantified using bicinchoninic acid; and IFNγ, IL-4, IL-8, IL-6 and IL1β levels using ELISA. Results: The mean ages of the nephrotic syndrome and control groups were 11.3±2.4 and 9±4.2, respectively. Compared to the control group, for the nephrotic syndrome group, total salivary protein was significantly lower; as were the levels of all the cytokines examined except IFNγ. Statistically significant differences were not found in any of the salivary markers examined, between the children with nephrotic syndrome who were treatment sensitive (n=19) and resistant (n=8). Protein and IL-8 salivary levels were lower in the active (n=7) than in the remission (n=20) group. Conclusions: Salivary parameters distinguished children with nephrotic syndrome in relapse from healthy children. This may be due to decreased salivary protein excretion, which reflects decreased plasma levels, consequent to proteinuria. Accordingly, salivary markers may be developed as a diagnostic or screening tool for NS activity.

scholarly journals Salivary Cytokines in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome versus Healthy Children: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2691
Author(s):  
David Polak ◽  
Yael Borovitz ◽  
Dana Clyman-Levy ◽  
Yehuda Klein ◽  
Nathalie Bernfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Disease Remission ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Steroid Sensitivity ◽  
And Control

Background: The aims of this study were to compare salivary cytokines and total protein between children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and healthy children, and to examine whether saliva parameters can differentiate between steroid sensitivity and resistance and between disease remission and relapse. Methods: Twenty-seven children with nephrotic syndrome were classified according to steroid sensitivity and resistance, and disease remission and relapse. Twenty healthy children served as controls. Whole saliva samples were collected from all the participants. Urine and blood tests done on the same day as the saliva collection were recorded. Salivary total protein was quantified using bicinchoninic acid and IFNγ, IL-4, IL-8, IL-6, and IL1β levels using ELISA. Results: The mean ages of the nephrotic syndrome and control groups were 11.3 ± 2.4 and 9 ± 4.2, respectively. Compared to the control group, for the nephrotic syndrome group, total salivary protein was significantly lower, as were the levels of all the cytokines examined except IFNγ. Statistically significant differences were not found in any of the salivary markers examined between the children with nephrotic syndrome who were treatment sensitive (n = 19) and resistant (n = 8). Protein and IL-8 salivary levels were lower in the active (n = 7) than in the remission (n = 20) group. Conclusions: Salivary parameters distinguished children with nephrotic syndrome in relapse from healthy children. This may be due to decreased salivary protein excretion, which reflects decreased plasma levels, consequent to proteinuria. Accordingly, salivary markers may be developed as a diagnostic or screening tool for NS activity.

scholarly journals Increased internalising and externalising behavioural problems associated with corticosteroid usage in children with nephrotic syndrome: a South East Asian perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mohamad Nizam ◽  
A Othman ◽  
I Mohamad Ikram
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The study was performed to measure psychological problems in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) while on steroid therapy as compared to healthy children. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study conducted in a paediatric clinic of a tertiary hospital. Parents of participants, both in the INS group and the control group comprising children without chronic illness, were asked to complete questionnaires using the Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL). CBCL measures a range of age-specific emotional and psychological problems including internalising and externalising domains. Analyses of the CBCL scores between groups were done using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total of 140 children were recruited with an equal number in the INS and control groups. There was a significant difference in the mean total CBCL scores between INS group children and control group children, specifically in the withdrawal, somatic, anxious, and aggressiveness sub-domains. Similar findings were demonstrated in a correlation between total psychological problems with the dosage of corticosteroid. Within the INS children, steroid dose and Cushingoid features were found to have a significant positive association with internalising psychological problems. Conclusion: Children with INS on corticosteroid treatment showed an increase in internalising and externalising scores compared to healthy children.

scholarly journals Investigation of TAGAP gene polymorphism (rs1738074) in Turkish pediatric celiac patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melek Pehlivan ◽  
Tülay K. Ayna ◽  
Maşallah Baran ◽  
Mustafa Soyöz ◽  
Aslı Ö. Koçyiğit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objectives There are several hypotheses on the effects of the rs1738074 T/C single nucleotide polymorphism in the TAGAP gene; however, there has been no study on Turkish pediatric patients. We aimed to investigate the association of celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) comorbidity with the polymorphism in the TAGAP gene of Turkish pediatric patients. Methods Totally, 127 pediatric CD patients and 100 healthy children were included. We determined the polymorphism by the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method. We used IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 and Arlequin 3.5.2 for the statistical analyses. The authors have no conflict of interest. Results It was determined that 72% (n=154) of only CD patients had C allele, whereas 28% (n=60) had T allele. Of the patients with celiac and T1DM, 42.5% (n=17) and 57.5% (n=23) had T and C alleles, respectively. Of the individuals in control group, 67% (n=134) had C allele, whereas 33% (n=66) had T allele. Conclusions There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). There was no significant association between the disease risk and the polymorphism in our study group.

Thyroid Functions in Children on Levetiracetam or Valproic Acid Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Karatoprak ◽  
Samet Paksoy
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Acid Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tsh Levels

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the thyroid functions in children receiving levetiracetam or valproate monotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of children with controlled epilepsy receiving valproic acid (VPA group) or levetiracetam monotherapy (LEV group) for at least 6 months. Free thyroxine 4 levels (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were compared between VPA group, LEV group, and age- and gender-matched healthy children (control group). A total of 190 children were included in the study: 63 were in the VPA, 60 in the LEV, and 67 in the control group. Although there was no significant difference regarding average fT4 levels, higher TSH levels were found in the VPA group when compared with the LEV and control groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in terms of fT4 and TSH values in the LEV group when compared with the control group (p = 0.56 and p = 0.61, respectively). Subclinical hypothyroidism (defined as a TSH level above 5 uIU/mL with a normal fT4 level was detected in 16% of patients in the VPA group, none in the LEV and control groups. Our study found that VPA therapy is associated with an increased risk of subclinical hypothyroidism while LEV had no effect on thyroid function tests.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular septal defect haemodynamics

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
Vesna Miranovic
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is an opening in the interventricular septum. 30-50% of patients with congenital heart disease have VSD. Objective The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of the left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVD), left ventricular systolic dimension (LVS), shortening fraction (SF), left atrium (LA), pulmonary artery truncus (TPA) on the body surface and compare their values among experimental, control and a group of healthy children. Values of maximal systolic gradient pressure (Pvsd) of VSD were compared with children from one experimental and control group. Method Children were divided into three groups: experimental (32 children with VSD that were to go to surgery), control (20 children with VSD who did not require surgery) and 40 healthy children. Measurements of LVD, LVS, SF, LA, TPA were performed in accordance to recommendations of the American Echocardiographic Association. The value of Pvsd was calculated from the maximal flow velocity (V) in VSD using the following formula: Pvsd=4xV? (mm Hg). Results For children from the experimental group, the relationship between the body surface and the variability of the LVD was explained with 56.85%, LVS with 66.15%, SF with 4.9%, TPA with 58.92%. For children from the control group, the relationship between the body surface and the variability of LVD was explained with 88.8%, LVS with 72.5%, SF with 0.42%, PA with 58.92%. For healthy children, the relationship between the body surface and the variabilitiy of the LVD was explained with 88.8%, LVS with 88.78%, SF with 5.25% and PA with 84.75%. There was a significant statistical difference between average values of Pvsd in the experimental and control group (p<0.02). Conclusion The presence of the large VSD has an influence on the enlargement of LVD, LVS, SF, TPA. The enlargement of the size of the pulmonary artery depends on the presence of VSD and there is a direct variation in the magnitude of the shunt. There is a relationship and significant dependence of the LVS and LVD on the body surface. There is no statistically significant dependence between SF and body surface.

scholarly journals The effect of obesity and Insulin Resistance on Liver Enzymes in Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-545
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
And Control

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been defined as a clinical syndrome that is characterized by abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long term damage, dysfunction, and failure of different organs, especially the liver .This study was conducted to assess the effect obesity and insulin resistance on liver enzymes in diabetic Iraqi patients.A comparative study of (90) Iraqi adults divided to three subgroup(30) obese ,(30) nonobese diabetic patients and(30)person had used as control. The analysis included Liver enzyme ALP,ALT,AST,GGT ,Fasting Plasma Glucose (FBG) , Lipid Profile , Hemoglobin A1C , insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) were measured. Subjects were excluded from this study if they had liver disease, alcohol intake, medications for lowering lipid, insulin treatment, pregnant women and women taking contraceptive pills . The study shows significantly higher of liver enzymes level ( gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, Aspartate Amino Transferase , Alanine Transaminase) in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese diabetic patients and control subject and HOMA IR showed significantly higher in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese with diabetic patients and control (P < 0.05). The lipids level showed significantly higher in obese diabetic patients compared with non-obese diabetic patients and control.The HbA1c level showed higher significantly in obese diabetic patients compared with control and ther is a posative correlation between insulin and HOMA IR , ALP in obeses diabetic patients while there was negative correlation between ALT and cholesterol in obese group and with HbA1c in control group. The liver enzymes level of(alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase gama glutaminase transferase ) is significantly higher in obese diabetic patients than non –obese diabetic patients and control group , also There was posative correlation between ALP and HOMA IR while there was negative correlation between ALT and cholesterol in obese group and with HbA1c in control group .

scholarly journals Job stress and resilience in Iranian nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case-control study

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gholam-Abbas Shirali ◽  
Arman Amiri ◽  
Khalil Taherzadeh Chanani ◽  
Maryam Silavi ◽  
Sanaz Mohipoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a wide range of sociocultural pressures on nurses. Resilience is defined as one’s ability to adapt to an unpredictable situation and it can be a factor in accepting an undesirable psychosocial situation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine resilience in nurses in the face of job stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The study was carried out as a case-control study with participation of 400 nurses as the target group (nurses exposed to COVID-19 patients) and the control group (nurses not exposed to COVID-19 patients). To examine resilience and job stress, Conor and Davidson’s questionnaire and OSIPOW questionnaire were used respectively. RESULTS: The mean scores of job stress and resilience were significantly different between the target and control groups (p <  0.05). So that resilience in the target group was less than that in the control group. In addition, job stress in the target group was higher than that of the control group (p <  0.05). There was a significant and negative correlation between resilience and job stress and the correlation was stronger in the target group (p <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Given the high job stress score in the participants and its negative correlation with resilience, there is need to provide the health personnel with efficient preventive and treatment approaches, improve and educate the principles of resilience, improve mental health services system, and introduce programs to control some of demographical factors in job stress such as physical activity, and employment status of nurses.

scholarly journals Role of insulin during the development of oligofructose (OF)-induced equine laminitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
Renli Jiang ◽  
Li Gao ◽  
Guanying Wang ◽  
Xinran Li ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate ◽  
And Control ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Horses (n = 20) were divided into 2 groups: oligofructose (OF)-induced equine laminitis group (group OF; n = 11) which received 10 g/kg b.w. of OF dissolved in 4 L water via nasogastric intubation, and control group (NS; n = 9) which received 4 L of saline. Blood was collected at 4 h intervals over 72 h study period and analysed by ELISA, kinetic limulus amoebocyte lysate assay, and glucose-oxidase methods. The level of insulin changed significantly in horses which received OF (P < 0.01); there was a significant negative correlation between the level of adiponectin and insulin over time. The results suggested that insulin may play an important role in the development of OF-induced equine laminitis by altering the level of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide.

scholarly journals A Novel Method to Enhance Dynamic Rhinoplasty Outcomes: Double “V” Carving for Alloplastic Grafts

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-shan Bai ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Hui-chuan Duan ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Augmentation Rhinoplasty ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Asian Patients ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Group A ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

Augmentation rhinoplasty is one of the most common plastic surgery procedures performed in Asia. Most Asian patients desire not only a natural-looking nose but also a nose with natural feel. Achieving such rhinoplasty outcomes with grafts has been a challenge for surgeons due to rigidity of grafting material. We propose a novel technique to address this limitation. A total of 200 healthy adult patients aged from 18 to 25 years were randomly chosen and classified into 5 groups: A, B, C, D, and control. Each group included 40 patients. The patients assigned to conventional grafting underwent rhinoplasty with L-shaped silicone prosthesis (group A) or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE; group B), using traditional carving methods. The patients assigned to dynamic rhinoplasty underwent silicone (group C) or e-PTFE grafts (group D) using the modified double “V” method, which involves removing bilateral wedges from the graft to decrease rigidity. Patients in control group do not undergo the surgery. A 3-dimensional raster surface scanner was used to capture the images of the patients accurately and nasal mobility was measured. Subjective evaluations were carried out by a series of questionnaires asked to the patients. The angle α of nasal mobility was significantly lower in conventional grafting (23.09 [5.34] mm for silicone and 17.88 [4.96] mm for e-PTFE) versus the “V” carving (30.53 [3.76] mm for silicone and 23.77 [4.53] mm for e-PTFE; P < .05). The double “V” carving method is a simple, effective, and practical method for improving dynamic nasal outcomes in patient undergoing augmentation rhinoplasty.

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