scholarly journals Application of the Altshuler's algorithm for determining the overall dimensions of an agrorobot

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Georgi Stanchev ◽  
◽  
Ivan Mitkov ◽  
Georgi Komitov ◽  
Atanas Sevov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Basic Principle ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Slow Light ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Agricultural Robots ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In The Beginning

Modern robots perform a number of comprehensive tasks. In the agricultural sector, they are able to work on large areas with a wide range of crops with different agronomic requirements. They are highly maneuverable, some of them have the ability to rotate around its axis (can work in hard to reach places and small terrains). In the beginning, agricultural robots were slow, light and small. At the same time, they could not fully meet the requirements of their „employers“ due to the comprehensiveness of agricultural activity and the level of development of scientific and technological progress. The tasks of the agrorobots will only increase - from data collection, weeding, performing various agrotechnical activities to offering many functions. The present article uses the famous TRIZ theory, developed by the Soviet inventor Henrik Altshuler. Its basic principle is the resolution of an unresolved contradiction by means of an inventive solution, if any. An unresolved inconsistency occurs if, when one parameter improvement is introduced into a system, another parameter deteriorates. These contradictions are called „technical contradictions“. The overall dimensions of an agricultural robot for growing some crops have been determined.

DISSEMINATION AND USE OF INFORMATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF FARMERS IN MALUGA AND CHIBELA VILLAGES IN SEMI-ARID CENTRAL TANZANIA

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Elia ◽  
Stephen Mutula ◽  
Christine Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Semi Arid

This study was part of broader PhD research which investigated how access to, and use of, information enhances adaptation to climate change and variability in the agricultural sector in semi-arid Central Tanzania. The research was carried out in two villages using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations theory and model to assess the dissemination of this information and its use by farmers in their adaptation of their farming practices to climate change and variability. This predominantly qualitative study employed a post-positivist paradigm. Some elements of a quantitative approach were also deployed in the data collection and analysis. The principal data collection methods were interviews and focus group discussions. The study population comprised farmers, agricultural extension officers and the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa project manager. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis whereas quantitative data were analysed to generate mostly descriptive statistics using SPSS.  Key findings of the study show that farmers perceive a problem in the dissemination and use of climate information for agricultural development. They found access to agricultural inputs to be expensive, unreliable and untimely. To mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and variability on farming effectively, the study recommends the repackaging of current and accurate information on climate change and variability, farmer education and training, and collaboration between researchers, meteorology experts, and extension officers and farmers. Moreover, a clear policy framework for disseminating information related to climate change and variability is required.

Features of optative modality in Macedonian language (with emphasis on the functionalities of independent da-construction)

2020 ◽  
pp. 301-323
Author(s):  
Natalya I. Kikilo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Natural Context ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Text Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ritual Context

In the Macedonian literary language the analytic da-construction used in an independent clause has a wide range of possible modal meanings, the most common of which are imperative and optative. The present article offers a detailed analysis of the semantics and functions of the Macedonian optative da-construction based on fiction and journalistic texts. The first part of the article deals with the specificities of the optative as a category which primarily considers the subject of a wish. In accordance with the semantic characteristics of this category, optative constructions are used in those discourse text types where the speakers are explicitly designated (the most natural context for the optative is the dialogue). The analysis of the Macedonian material includes instances of atypical usage of the optative da-construction, in which the wish of the subject is not apparent and thereby produces new emotional tonalities perceptible to the reader of a fiction/journalistic text. The study describes Macedonian constructions involving two different verb forms: 1) present tense form (da + praes) and 2) imperfective form (da + impf). These constructions formally designate the hypothetical and counterfactual status of the optative situation, respectively. Thus, the examples in the analysis are ordered according to two types of constructions, which reflect the speaker’s view on the probability of the realisation of his/her wish. Unrealistic wishes can be communicated through the present da-construction, while the imperfective construction denotes situations in which the wish can be realised in the future. The second part of the article is devoted to performative optative da-constructions, which express formulas of speech etiquette, wishes and curses. The analysis demonstrates that these constructions lose their magical functions, when used outside of the ritual context, and begin to function as interjections.

scholarly journals Experimental Economics in Agriculture: A Review of Worldwide Research

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1566
Author(s):  
Ernesto Mesa-Vázquez ◽  
Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz ◽  
José A. Aznar-Sánchez ◽  
Belén López-Felices
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Experimental Economics ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Bibliometric Study ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Wide Range

Over the last two decades, experimental economics has been gaining relevance in the research of a wide range of issues related to agriculture. In turn, the agricultural activity provides an excellent field of study within which to validate the use of instruments employed by experimental economics. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the research on the application of experimental economics in agriculture on a global level. Thus, a literature review has been carried out for the period between the years 2000 and 2020 based on a bibliometric study. The main results show that there has been a growing use of experimental economics methods in the research on agriculture, particularly over the last five years. This evolution is evident in the different indicators analyzed and is reflected in the greater scientific production and number of actors involved. The most relevant topics within the research on experimental economics in agriculture focus on the farmer, the markets, the consumer, environmental policy, and public goods. These results can be useful for policy makers and researchers interested in this line of research.

Investment in the agricultural sector as a way to solve food security problems in developing countries: the example of investment activity of the US agribusiness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Stepanovna Ustinovich ◽  
Tatyana Petrovna Boldyreva
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Agricultural Investment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Benefits

It is clear to everyone that investment in the agricultural sector in developing countries is one of the most effective ways to reduce poverty and hunger in the world. Agricultural investment can generate a wide range of development opportunities. However, these benefi ts cannot be expected to arise automatically. Some forms of large-scale investment pose significant risks to investor states. It should be noted, however, that, despite discussions about the potential benefits and risks of international investment, there is still no evidence of negative actual consequences for the countries receiving investments. This article examines the issues of investment activity in relation to developing countries using the example of US agribusiness entities.

Evaluation of CORSIM Car-Following Model by Using Global Positioning System Field Data

2000 ◽  
Vol 1710 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sastry Chundury ◽  
Brian Wolshon
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Positioning

It has been recognized that CORSIM (and its constituent program, NETSIM) is one of the most widely used and effective computer programs for the simulation of traffic behavior on urban transportation networks. Its popularity is due in large part to the high level of detail incorporated into its modeling routines. However, the car-following models, used for the simulation of driver behavior in the program, have not been formally calibrated or validated. Since the model has performed well in a wide range of applications for so many years, it has always been assumed to have an implied validity. This study evaluated the NETSIM car-following models by comparing their results with field data. Car-following field data were collected using a new data collection system that incorporates new Global Positioning System and geographic information system technologies to improve the accuracy, ease, speed, and cost-effectiveness of car-following data collection activities. First, vehicle position and speed characteristics were collected under field conditions. Then simulated speeds and distances were based on identical lead vehicle actions using NETSIM car-following equations. Comparisons of simulated and field data were completed using both graphical and statistical methods. Although some differences were evident in the graphical comparisons, the graphs overall indicated a reasonable match between the field and simulated vehicle movements. Three statistical tests, including a goodness-of-fit test, appear to support these subjective conclusions. However, it was also found that definitive statistical conclusions were difficult to draw since no single test was able to compare the sets of speed and distance information on a truly impartial basis.

scholarly journals Welcome to the Ziggurat Journal of Materials Technology - a New Open Access Journal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Bast
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Human Society ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Global Population

Dear readers, authors and colleagues, Technological progress plays an essential role in the development of human society. The increasing global population and its mobility, the expansion of urban areas, climate protection and the conservation of fossil resources present challenges that can only be overcome by the improvement of existing resources and the development of new components, materials and production processes. Conventional materials have quickly reached their limit as new mechanisms are developed. These fields of application require the supply of new materials working in aggressive environments at extreme temperatures and high stress. These new materials are also expected to automatically alert us when critical loads are reached to avoid accidents caused by failures. This is the first issue of the Ziggurat Journal of Materials Technology, and we hope that you are satisfied with the content. The title of the journal primarily suggests materials technology; however, we strive to present a broad range of topics, including questions about the interaction between design, material, manufacturing and energy. The efficient interaction between these parameters results in components that are optimally designed and economically feasible. The idea for this journal resulted from the editors' realisation of the large knowledge potential that is being developed at colleges and universities around the world by scholars and PhD students. These clients must have the opportunity to publish their work and get in touch with other scientists. We want to reach out to young researchers and encourage them to present their work to a wide range of readers. Furthermore, a scientific career today requires evidence of publications that withstand the corresponding assessments of specialist colleagues and meet the criteria of good scientific work. In this context, the submitted articles will be subjected to a strict review. The principal objective is not to criticise work but rather to provide advice on how to improve the quality of the work presented. With this in mind, we would like to invite you to submit articles and use this journal as a reference for your ongoing scientific work.

scholarly journals Russian and International Contours of Precarious Employment

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Ivan D. Matskulyak
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Management Personnel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Actual Content ◽  
The Subject

The Object of the Study. Socioeconomic processes and phenomena characterized as an unsustainable employment and reflected in the collective monograph published in Rossiya among the first as well as its main provisions, conclusions and recommendations. The Subject of the Study is expressed by the combination of socioeconomic relations between market-based economic entities regarding the widespread development in recent years in the world, including the Rossiyskaya Federatsiya, the precarious employment of the population and the consequences of this process. The Purpose of the Study is to attract the notice of a wide range of management personnel of both state authorities and economic bodies, as well as employers, legislators, scientists, etc., to the problem of unsustainable employment, the need of its effectively solve, especially in conditions of intensification of transformation of the domestic economy. The Main Provisions of the Article cover all six sections, including 30 paragraphs of the monograph studied, authored by 41 specialist-scientists, professionally engaged in the designated research area. The author, on the basis of the actual content of the book, has tried to present all the aspects, to convey the variety of shades of the process of unsustainable employment reflected in the monographic research. It applies both the domestic experience and international practice. The problems of the unsustainable employment are revealed compared to decent work. Their dependence on the scientific and technological progress is considered. The domestic and foreign experience of the personnel reduction is summarized on the example of a flexible employment. Risks of unsustainable employment are identified and directions of their prevention are formulated. The characteristics of precarious employment of different groups of workers - women, pensioners and others working in similar conditions of specific industries - are characterized as well as the legal coverage of unsustainable workers is analyzed, and special attention is paid to external migrants and functioning numerous institutions in the investigated economy sectors.

scholarly journals URBAN SPRAWL IN SMALL CITIES, ANALYSIS OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF SÃO PEDRO (SP): POTENTIALS AND CONSTRAINS

2013 ◽  
pp. 64-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Carrara Fracassi ◽  
José Augusto Lollo
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Natural Factors

Urban sprawl in small cities has led to the occupation of unsuitable areas, resulting in peripheralization and in the occupation of fragile environments. In these occupations, the physical characteristics of the environment are often disrespected. In this context, the present article reports on a case study in the municipality of São Pedro, state of São Paulo, Brazil, which presents and discuss a set of natural factors (geological and geomorphological) conditioning the occurrence of erosion and gravitational mass movements, which are limiting factors for urban sprawl. The methodology employed in this study was based on field work, bibliographic research, and data collection, analysis and GIS-based systematization, which allowed for a spatial reading of the urban sprawl to indicate, from different perspectives, how the phenomenon is manifested. Thus, it was possible to draw up a chart highlighting the areas with the greatest potential for occupation and those with restrictions due to their greater susceptibility to erosion and mass movements. The main identified natural factors of restriction were steepness and soil conditions and law enforced restrictions (environmental protection areas).

scholarly journals ARKEOFAUNA KAWASAN KARST BONTOCANI KABUPATEN BONE SULAWESI SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Nfn Fakhri
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Faunal Composition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bone Fragments

This study aims to provide a description of the fauna that once interacted with a human in the Bontocani karst Area in Bone District. Of the few excavated sites providing data availability of bone fragments that can be analyzed by conducting comparative studies with existing faunal composition of the fauna. The method of data collection is by excavation at some sites in this Karst Area. The results of this study document a wide range of vertebrates in the Balang Metti fauna including fish, frogs/toads, lizards, snakes, birds, Strigocuscus, Ailurops ursinus, insectivorous bats, Sulawesi monkeys, rats, Sulawesi pigs, babirusa and Anoa. In some layers of culture, the absence of anoa, indicates the environmental change from the environment of the fields and the weeds to the wet rain forest environment around the site, along with the extinction of this fauna. Based on the identified fauna bone analysis, it is illustrated that past habitats and environments in Bontocani Karst area have not changed much. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran secara lebih jelas tentang fauna-fauna yang pernah berinteraksi dengan manusia pendukung kebudayaan yang ada di Kawasan Karst Bontocani di Kabupaten Bone. Beberapa situs yang telah diekskavasi memberikan ketersediaan data berupa fragmen tulang yang dapat dianalisis dengan melakukan studi komparasi dengan komposisi tulang fauna yang ada saat ini. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan ekskavasi di beberapa situs yang ada di Kawasan Karst ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar jenis fauna yang ditemukan di situs ini adalah fauna bertulang belakang antara lain: ikan, kodok/katak, kadal, ular, burung, strigocuscus, Ailurops ursinus, kelelawar pemakan serangga, monyet sulawesi, tikus, babi sulawesi, babi russa dan anoa. Pada beberapa lapisan budaya, tidak adanya temuan fauna anoa, menunjukkan perubahan lingkungan dari lingkungan padang dan ilalang menjadi lingkungan hutan hujan basah di sekitar situs, seiring dengan punahnya fauna ini. Berdasarkan analisis tulang fauna yang berhasil diidentifikasi digambarkan bahwa habitat dan lingkungan masa lampau di Kawasan Karst Bontocani tidak banyak mengalami perubahan.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurship as a special type of agricultural activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (97) ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
S.A. Vlasyuk ◽  
◽  
O.V. Rolinskyi ◽  
Yu.A. Tsymbalyuk
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Business Structure

Today, in Ukraine and, of course, all over the world, the agricultural sector is an important component of the economy. As an agrarian country with huge natural resources, the agricultural sector in Ukraine is a potential branch of entrepreneurship that needs to be developed. Systematic review of the scientific sources of existing researches in the field of agriculture taking into account the current challenges concerning researches contextualizing on the nature of entrepreneurship and focusing on its role in the agricultural sector is important. The purpose of this article is to substantiate theoretically the essence, organizational-and-legal forms and other basic aspects of the functioning of business structures in the agricultural sector. It was found that entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine takes place in the context of reform and in constant conditions of complication of agricultural production, domestic economic environment and against the background of increasing globalization of the world economy. Intensive development of economic processes in the agricultural sector determined the objective need to adapt entrepreneurial activity to new business conditions due to the limited resource potential of each business entity. It was found that agriculture is a main factor in resource conservation, self-sufficiency, development of rural territories, social and cultural guarantees. However, there are problems that limit its development, such as employment mismatch, lack of effective entrepreneurial orientation and productive investment in the agricultural sector, inefficient credit policy, technological backwardness and underdeveloped infrastructure, imperfect support system, vulnerability of a significant part of the main beneficiaries in agriculture, inability of business structures in the agricultural sector to constructive competition in regional and international markets because of the lack of proper legal framework, etc. It was offered to consider the business structure as an organization that has specific features that allow forming alternative views on the future and combines several aspects of entrepreneurship and a flexible, mobile structure, specific decision-making mechanisms. Creating a business structure in the agricultural sector requires a balanced decision, because the relevant knowledge, innovative ideas, financial support, use of new technologies that are necessary for competitiveness at a global level play an important role in its further activities. Further development of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector requires the formation of a favorable business environment, effective government support, development of financial support system, improvement of crediting regimes, implementation of regional programs, development and realization of measures for information, consulting and staffing support, infrastructure development, etc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document