Immunomodulatory effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Abrus precatorius L. leaves against cyclophosphamideinduced immunosuppression in mice

This study presents the immunomodulatory potential of Abrus precatorius Linn. (Indian wild licorice) leaves. A hydroalcoholic extract of A. precatorius leaves (EAPL) was prepared by maceration. Thirty male mice were divided into five groups as follows: control group, model control group (cyclophosphamide-treated), and three treatment groups (treated with EAPL at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, per os, daily for 14 days). Parameters, including hematological, biochemical, organ indices, hemagglutination test (HA titer), delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), interleukin-2 (IL-2) level, splenocyte proliferation and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCQTOF- MS) analysis were evaluated. Histopathological examination was carried out for the spleen, kidney and liver. Cyclophosphamide (CPMD)-induced changes in white blood cells, lymphocytes and platelets were improved in the treatment groups. Total protein and albumin levels in the treatment groups were significantly higher. EAPL treatment significantly stimulated splenic T-lymphocytemediated proliferation. Neutrophil adhesion was insignificantly decreased in the model control group compared to the normal control group, which was slightly improved by EAPL treatment. EAPL treatment significantly improved the HA titer and cell-mediated immunity, which is an indication of antibody production. The IL-2 level was significantly higher in the treatment groups that received 200 and 300 mg/kg EAPL. LC-QTOF-MS analysis of EAPL showed the presence of flavonoids, lignans, iridoids and phenolic glycosides. These results suggest that A. precatorius leaves are a good candidate for a new immunomodulatory herbal formulation.

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The Polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula Modulates the Immunity and Intestinal Microbiota of Cyclophosphamide-Treated Immunosuppressed Mice

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23071801 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 1801 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Yu-Ping Fu ◽

Bin Feng ◽

Zhong-Kai Zhu ◽

Xin Feng ◽

Shu-Fan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Codonopsis Pilosula ◽

Model Control ◽

Model Control Group ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Immunosuppressed Mice ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin

Based on previous studies about microflora regulation and immunity enhancement activities of polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula Nannf. var. modesta (Nannf.) L. T. Shen (CPP), there is little study on intestinal mucosal immunity, which is a possible medium for contacting microflora and immunity. In the present study, the BALB/c mice were divided into five groups (eight mice in each group), including a normal group (Con), a model control group (Model), and model groups that were administered CPP (50, 100, 200 mg/kg/d) orally each day for seven days after intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg BW/d cyclophosphamide (CP) for three days. CPP recovered the spleen index and restored the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, as well as serum IgG. In addition, it elevated ileum secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), the number of Lactobacillus and acetic acid content in cecum. These results indicated that CPP plays an important role in the protection against immunosuppression, especially mucosa immune damage, and the inhibition of pathogenic bacteria colonization, which could be considered a potential natural source of immunoregulator.

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Effect of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticles on diabetic retinopathy in rats

Materials Express ◽

10.1166/mex.2020.1784 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1511-1517

Author(s):

Chengyan Li ◽

Guihong Zhao ◽

Lianwei Lu ◽

Xiuping Du

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Model Control ◽

Model Control Group

Triamcinolone acetonide acetate (TAA)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were prepared to investigate their transdermal absorption in vitro and establish a diabetic retinopathy (DR) rat model. To evaluate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle capsules on improving the structure of the retina and pancreas, we measured blood glucose levels and investigated the pathological changes in the retina and pancreas. The effect of triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle capsules on the morphology of the retina and pancreas of the rats with DR was determined and compared among the normal group, model control group, positive control group, and triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle group. After treatment with triamcinolone acetonideloaded nanoparticle capsules for 2 months, the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were significantly lower (P < 0.01) and the pathological changes were less severe in the triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle group than in the model control group. In addition, the arrangement of the photoreceptor cell layers in the retina was organized, intracellular and extracellular edema in each layer was reduced compared with that in the model control group, the capillary lumen was not occluded, and the peripheral cells were slightly edematous in the triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle group. Triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticle capsules could effectively reduce the blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels and improve the structure of the retina and pancreas in the rats with DR.

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Protection ofSalvia miltiorrhizaeto the Spleen and Thymus of Rats with Severe Acute Pancreatitis or Obstructive Jaundice

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2009/186136 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhang Xiping ◽

Li Chuyang ◽

Zhang Jie ◽

Ruan Yuefang ◽

Ma Meili

Keyword(s):

Staining Intensity ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Group Model ◽

Bax Protein ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Model Control ◽

Model Control Group ◽

Salvia Miltiorrhizae

Objective. To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism ofSalvia miltiorrhizaein the treatment of SAP and OJ.Methods. A total of 288 rats were used for SAP- and OJ-associated experiments. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model control group and treated group. The mortality rates of rats, contents of endotoxin andPLA2in blood, patholodgical changes of different indexes in spleen and thymus were observed.Results. The contents of endotoxin and PLA2 in treated group were significantly lower than those in model control group.The pathological severity scores of spleen and thymus of SAP rats as well as that of spleen of OJ rats in treated groups were significantly lower than those in model control groups (P<.05). The staining intensity as well as the product of the staining intensity and positive rate of Bax protein of spleen in model control group were significantly higher than those in treated groups (P<.01) , and the apoptosis index of spleen in treated group was significantly lower than that in model control group (P<.01).Conclusion.Salvia miltiorrhizaeexerts protective effects on the spleen and thymus of SAP rats and spleen of OJ rats.

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Protective Effects ofSalvia miltiorrhizaeon Multiple Organs of Rats with Obstructive Jaundice

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2009/602935 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhang Ling ◽

Zhang Xiping ◽

Qiu Fengmei ◽

Yan Ping ◽

Cheng Qihui

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Jaundice ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Multiple Organs ◽

Model Control ◽

Model Control Group ◽

Salvia Miltiorrhizae ◽

The Impact

Purpose. we aim to explore the protective effects ofSalvia miltiorrhizaeinjection on multiple organs of obstructive jaundice (OJ) rats through observing the impact of this injection on the pathological alterations in these organs and the contents of endotoxin,PLA2, and TNF-αin the blood.Methods. A total of 90 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model-control group, andSalvia miltiorrhizae-treated group (n=30). According to the duration of postoperative administration, each group was further divided into two subgroups, namely, 21 d subgroup (consecutive administration for 21 d,n=15) and 28 d subgroup (consecutive administration for 28 d,n=15). After administration, the pathological alterations in multiple organs were observed and the contents of endotoxin,PLA2, and TNF-αin the blood were determined.Results. Compared to model control group, the number of dead rats in treated group decreased though there was no statistical difference between the two groups. The pathological alterations in the liver, kidney, and spleen in treated group showed varying degrees of mitigation. At all time points, the contents of plasma endotoxin declined significantly. On day 28, plasmaPLA2content in treated group was significantly lower than that in model-control group.Conclusion.Salvia miltiorrhizaeinjection is able to obviously reduce the contents of inflammatory mediators in the blood of OJ rats and exert some protective effects on multiple organs of these rats.

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Experimental Study Oviductus ranae for the Change of α-SMA and TGF-β in Hepatic Fibrosis Rat Liver

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.1940 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 912-914 ◽

pp. 1940-1943

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Xiao Ou Li ◽

Feng Hao ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Lei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Hepatic Fibrosis ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Liver Tissue ◽

Female Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Model Group ◽

Model Control ◽

Oviductus Ranae

To evaluate the control effect of Oviductus ranae on liver fibrosis in rats, and the change of TGF-β and α-SMA in liver of. To explore the mechanism of Oviductus ranae decoction on liver fibrosis. Methods Wistar female rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, model control group, colchicines group, Oviductus ranae group. Using the CCl4composite approach to make the rat modle. The course of treat-mart was 12 weeks.After treatment,All the rats was killed,and the materials and blood was taken,and to detect biochemical test of liver function after eight weeks. Investigating the variation of liver histology. Meanwhile detecting protein expression of TGF-β and α-SMA and by immunehistochemical method.Result The general condition of rats in all treatment groups are worse than the blank group,but better than the model group. And the rats in the model group were all occurred in liver fibrosis,and liver fibrosis is the most serious.In a normal rat liver tissue of TGF-β and α-SMA were significantly lower in model group and each treatment group, and there were significant differences, and the TGF-β and α-SMA in expression of liver tissue in model rats of TGF-β and α-SMA the highest. Conclusion: Oviductus ranae can effectively improve liver fibrosis rats induced by CC14liver function.Oviductus ranae can reduce the expression of TGF-β1in liver tissue of hepatic fibrosis rats induced by CCl4in. This may be one of the mechanisms of Oviductus ranae in prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. Even though both increased expression of TGF-β and α-SMA expression, is able to determine TGF-β and α-SMA for the intervention of liver TGF-β signal transduction pathway in liver fibrosis.

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EVALUATION OF ANTIPARKINSONIAN ACTIVITY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF THE SEEDS OF VIGNA ACONITIFOLIA IN WISTAR ALBINO RAT

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i12.35693 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 143-148

Author(s):

SUSHMITA SINGH ◽

IMTIYAZ ANSARI

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rat ◽

Vigna Aconitifolia ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the antiparkinsonian activity of hydroalcoholic extract of the seeds of Vigna aconitifolia (HEVA) in Wistar albino rat. Methods: In rats, catalepsy was induced using haloperidol (4 mg/kg i.p.). Treatment groups received bromocriptine (4 mg/kg) and HEVA at the dose of (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) orally. Bar test for catalepsy, motor coordination test by rotarod, and locomotor activity by actophotometer were carried out to assess behavioral changes. Assay of dopamine and catalase was also carried out to assess biochemical parameters. Results: Bromocriptine and HEVA-treated groups showed a significant difference in behavioral and biochemical parameters as compared to haloperidol control group in the experimental models. Conclusion: Vigna aconitifolia seeds exhibited significant antiparkinsonian activity in haloperidol mouse model.

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The Effects of Model Similarity and Model Talk on Self-efficacy and Muscular Endurance

Journal of Sport Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsp.3.1.17 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 17-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Daniel Gould ◽

Maureen Weiss

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Muscular Endurance ◽

Model Control ◽

Self Talk ◽

Efficacy Measures ◽

Four Levels ◽

Model Similarity

This study was designed to determine if observing a similar or dissimilar model who makes varying self-efficacy statements influences an observer's efficacy expectations and, in turn, muscular endurance performance. Females (N = 150) were randomly assigned to groups in a 2 × 4 × 3 (model similarity by model talk by trials) factorial design or to a no-model control group. Model similarity was manipulated by having subjects view a female described as a nonathlete (similar) or a male described as a varsity track athlete (dissimilar). The four levels of model talk included: a positive self-talk model who performed and made positive self-efficacy statements, a negative self-talk model who made negative self-efficacy statements, an irrelevant-talk model who made statements unrelated to self-efficacy, and a no-talk model who remained silent throughout the performance. Self-efficacy measures were assessed in addition to performance on three trials of a muscular endurance task. Results revealed that similar model subjects extended their legs significantly longer than dissimilar model and control subjects. Moreover, the similar-positive-talk and similar-no-talk groups performed significantly better than the dissimilar-positive-talk, dissimilar-negative talk, dissimilar-no-talk, and the no-model control groups. Subject self-efficacy, however, was not found to be the major mediating variable affecting these performance changes.

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The Effect of Different Laser Irradiation on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Leucopenia in Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/756406 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jizhong Zhao ◽

Ke Cheng ◽

Haiping Deng ◽

Ling Zhao ◽

Lanlan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laser Irradiation ◽

Normal Control ◽

Sham Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Sham Treatment ◽

Irradiation Group ◽

Model Control ◽

Model Control Group ◽

Wbc Count ◽

First Time

Objective. To assess the effect of different lasers on cyclophosphamide- (CTX-) induced leucopenia in rats.Methods. 11 rats were normal control and 55 rats were injected with a dose of 80 mg/kg CTX for the first time and 40 mg/kg on the 6th and the 11th days to establish a leucopenia model. Rats of the irradiation groups received a 5-minute laser irradiation with either single 10.6 μm or 650 nm laser or alternatively 10.6 μm–650 nm laser irradiation, besides a sham treatment on acupoint Dazhui (DU 14) and acupoint Zusanli (ST 36) of both sides, 8 times for 16 days. Normal and model control group received no treatment.Results. On day 16 after the first CTX injection, the WBC counts from all the laser irradiation groups were significantly higher than those from the model control and the sham group (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences compared with the normal control (P>0.05). The TI of 10.6 μm–650 nm laser irradiation group was significantly higher than that of the model control group (P<0.05).Conclusions. The single and combined 10.6 μm and 650 nm laser irradiation on ST36 and DU14 accelerated the recovery of the WBC count in the rats with leucopenia.

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Antioxidant Research of Persimmon Extraction in Ionizing Radiatio Mice

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.343-344.1198 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 343-344 ◽

pp. 1198-1206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiang Ning Chen ◽

Wan Shan Hu ◽

Yuan Hong Xie ◽

Yu Hua Li ◽

Lin Bo Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Good Health ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Model ◽

Dosage Group ◽

Blank Control Group ◽

Model Control ◽

Mda Content ◽

Set Up

Persimmon has good health function. To further investigate the antioxidant function in vivo, we set up a model mice with ionizing radiation. IRC mice were divided randomly into six groups, Blank control group, Model control group, VE control group, Low dosage group (G1), Middle dosage group (G2) and High dosage group (G3) respectively. Orally given persimmon extract for 35 days, mice were treated with γ-rays. Our results indicated that pervious administration of the persimmon extraction obviously increased the liver index of the mice. And pathological inspection by microscope suggested that orally given persimmon extraction obviously protected the liver cells of the mice. Further analysis demonstrated that persimmon extraction decreased the MDA content, and increased the SOD and GSH-PX activity in both the serum and the liver in the mice after the Ionizing radiation. Our results suggested the protection role of persimmon extraction by inhibiting the oxidation reaction in vivo.

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Antitumor activity of tanshinone and its nanoparticles on U14 cervical carcinoma-bearing mice

Nanobiomedicine ◽

10.1177/1849543516673446 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 184954351667344

Author(s):

Ya Di ◽

Qingjie Meng ◽

Hongwei Yang ◽

Kun Li ◽

Liyan Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Cervical Carcinoma ◽

Antitumor Effect ◽

Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Tumor Inhibition ◽

Malondialdehyde Content ◽

Model Control ◽

Model Control Group

In this study, tanshinone was extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza. To improve the utilization and the dissolution of the drug, the tanshinone extractions were prepared at a pharmaceutical nanoscale and in the nanometer range of 100–200 nm. Then, the rate of tumor inhibition and the activity of antioxidant system and the thymus/spleen indices were investigated to find the antitumor effect of nanoparticles of tanshinone in cervical carcinoma-bearing mice. Our data suggest that tanshinone inhibits cervical tumor growth and the rates of tumor inhibition of all drug groups were more than 45%. The highest rate was 70.88% in the high dose of nanoscale tanshinone group. The activities of superoxide dismutase were higher in drug groups than in the model control group, and the concentrations of malondialdehyde were significantly lower. These findings suggested that tanshinone enhance the superoxide dismutase activity of the mice and decrease the malondialdehyde content. It may be one of the mechanisms of antitumor effect of tanshinone. The thymus index and spleen index were higher than normal control or model control. These data suggested that tanshinone also enhanced the immune system of mice.

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