scholarly journals Urban agglomerations on main development axes as poles of demographic revitalization of Serbia

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 61-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Stojanovic ◽  
Gordana Vojkovic
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Main Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Novi Sad

Significant geographical-demographic changes are characteristic for the region of Serbia in the second half of the 20th century, which were caused by a dynamic primary urbanization process, namely intense migrational trends between village and town. Expansion zones were formed around urban centers with total intense growth (both demographic and economic), which are mainly found in land areas of main development axes, whereby the (Sava) Danube-Morava one is the most significant. The importance of this development axis (not only in the demographic sense) is indicated by the fact that in this region (composed of districts which are located in the corridor zone) 3794.8 thousand people lived in 2002, which represents 50.6% of the population of Central Serbia and Vojvodina. Taking into consideration the territory it consists of, this zone is populated twice as much in average than the region of Serbia (without Kosovo) as a whole. Along with that, out of the five urban areas with more than 100 thousand people (large urban centers), four are located in this zone (Subotica, Novi Sad, Belgrade and Nis) and only Kragujevac is located somewhat on the outskirts in relation to it, but in its immediate proximity. Large town centers in corridor zone X concentrated as much as 41% of the Republic urban population in 2002. At the same time, a network of 32 settlements in the land area of this main development axis of Serbia which belong to the category of small and medium size towns, and which cover about 16% of the republic urban population should be added to this. Consequently this zone, as other concentrated population zones, which are formed around secondary development axes on the territory of Serbia, is identified as a region with significant population potential. For that very reason, there was an attempt in this paper to determine the role and significance of urban agglomerations on main development axes for possible demographic revitalization of Serbia. The significance of urban population arises from its quantitative and especially qualitative (structural) characteristics. This category of population of the Republic realizes significant growth (more than 10%) in the last two inter-census decades (1981-2002) regardless of the effects of demographic and socio-economic transitions and geo-political changes and their mainly negative influences as opposed to the total population of this region which realizes an apparent drop (of 3%). The drop of rural population is even more obvious (by about 16%) so its (future) role in possible demographic revitalization of Serbia is of secondary significance. As early as the seventies, the focus of main demographic processes (natality) shifted from rural to town populations. It is a fact that only the urban population of Serbia (without Kosovo) realized a positive natural growth in the nineties. However, it is interesting that large cities lost their precedence at the end of the twentieth century, namely negative natural growth appeared (Belgrade -1.5?, Novi Sad - 0.3? and Subotica - 5.4?) and in fact only small and medium towns provided natural replacement of its population. They participate with over 60% in total number of live births in urban areas, and having in mind that they are becoming the bearers of population reproduction, they can be viewed as the poles of future demographic revitalization of Serbia.

scholarly journals Factors of economic transformation in sub-urban areas of Rajshahi City, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Md Mizanoor Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Mapping Techniques

Urbanization of Bangladesh is developed by the natural growth of city, sub-urban growth, sub-urban transformation to urban area, and attaining new urban centers. Accordingly, growth of major urban centers depends on natural growth of city, suburban growth, sub-urban transformation and change in development level of sub-urban areas. As a result, the economy of those areas changes over time and the changes are controlled by a number of factors that playing increasingly dominated roles on the urban as well as national economy of Bangladesh. In the research an attempt has been made to identify the factors that have been influencing the economic transformation, the consequences of transformation in the area, and adopted governmental policies and programmes to develop them. Necessary data and information have collected from both primary and secondary sources for the study, and to analysis and represent of collected data quantitative analysis and mapping techniques have been applied. The research findings indicate that the change in economic setting of those areas in term of occupation, income, expenditure, land use, agricultural practices, infrastructure and facilities and so on is dependent on a set of factors such as distance, market demand, growth center, land availability and land value, employment opportunity, facilities and governmental development policies and programmes. Key words: Economic transformation; factors of economic transformation; sub-urban areas DOI: 10.3329/jles.v5i0.7350 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 47-55, 2010

Городские агломерации: проблемы и тенденции развития

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Alexander Cherkasov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Administrative Structures

The subject of this research was the modern urban agglomerations and its aim was to find out the main tendencies of their development by way of the analyses of problems faced by urban agglomerations and their management mechanisms. The main method of the conducted research was the comparative legal method, as the study is based on comparing the experience of different countries in the sphere of urban governance. The author used sociological, systemic and structural-functional approaches as well. The author believes that the problems faced by urban agglomerations are caused by the activities of different administrative bodies at their territory, the lack of proper coordination in the face of pretty acute rivalry between them. The mentioned problems are also exacerbated by modern migration processes. The number of “native” inhabitants is being decreased in many cities, the middle class is largely moving to suburbs while poor people are moving to urban centers, the urban population is getting older. The article also contains the analyses of different attitudes towards organization of administrative structures at the territory of the modern agglomeration. Proponents of only one strong jurisdiction, functioning within the agglomeration and taking decisions obligatory for the whole area, were called “consolidationists. “Polycentrists” believe that the more various jurisdictions function within the agglomeration the better, because centralized and hierarchical administrative model is outdated and ineffective.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Patterns of Urbanization in the Three Most Developed Urban Agglomerations in China Based on Continuous Nighttime Light Data (2000–2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Haipeng Ye ◽  
Xing Gao ◽  
Dongqi Sun ◽  
Zehong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urbanization Level ◽  
Urban Agglomerations

Urban agglomeration is an advanced spatial form of integrating cities, resulting from the global urbanization of recent decades. Understanding spatiotemporal patterns and evolution is of great importance for improving urban agglomeration management. This study used continuous time-series NTL data from 2000 to 2018 combined with land-use images to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of urbanization in the three most developed urban agglomerations in China over the past two decades: the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration (BTH), the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRD), and the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). The NTL intensity indexes, dynamic thresholds, extracted urban areas, and landscape metrics were synthetically used to facilitate the analysis. This study found that the urbanization process in the study areas could be divided into three stages: rapid urbanization in core cities from 2000 to 2010, a fluctuating urbanization process in both core cities and surrounding cities from 2010 to 2015, and stable urbanization, mainly in surrounding cities with a medium size after 2015. Meanwhile, the urbanization level of GBA was higher than that of YRD and BTH. However, with the acceleration of urban development in YRD, the gap in the urbanization level between GBA and YRD narrowed significantly in the third stage. In addition, this study confirmed that the scattered, medium-sized cities in YRD and GBA were more developed than those in BTH. This study showed that continuous NTL data could be effectively applied to monitor the urbanization patterns of urban agglomerations.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Kawasan Perkotaan di Kabupaten: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Wildha Badrus Subkhi ◽  
Fadjar Hari Mardiansjah
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Rapid Population Growth ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Big City

Many small urban areas experience rapid population growth that create significant challenges in providing infrastructure and urban services. Especially in Java, Indonesia, many small urban centers are formed, grown and developed in the urbanization process of many kabupaten (non-urban districts), so made them have many urban areas in their territory. Using the case of Kabupaten Sleman in Yoogyakarta, this study is aimed to analyzes and to comprehend the growth and development of urban areas in kabupaten’s territory. The research employs a quantitative method that uses statistical data gathered from podes (villages monograph) data, monograph of the kecammatan or sub-districts, and monograph of the kabupaten or non-urban districts.The analysis observes the growth of urban areas in the kabupaten during 1990 to 2010, and the growth and development of the urban areas is observed in twoaspects, namely the observation to the expansion of the urban areas by using the development of their urban villages and the growth of their population. The research reveals that Kabupaten Sleman experiences rapid urban growth in its territory, which is also characterized by urban population explosion, especially after 2000. The growth of urban areas occurs in both internally as well as the expansion of the urban areas into surrounding (externally), which is also influenced by the expansion of the area of the capital of the kabupaten, as well as by the implications of its location adjacent to a big city, the Municiality of Yogyakarta.

scholarly journals Urban agglomerations in the function of regional integration of Serbia in South-Eastern Europe

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragutin Tosic ◽  
Nikola Krunic
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Eastern Europe

In this article is analyzed the importance of urban agglomerations in the regional organization of Serbian space at one side, and on the other side they are taken as carriers of the future integration of the Serbian urban system into the urban of the South-Eastern Europe (SEE). In the regional configuration of Serbia, more different forms of territorial impacts of urbanization, urban areas and urban regions. High level of urban centralization is formed under the influence of the population density and functions of the metropolitan area of Belgrade. The problems of unbalanced disposition of population growth and qualitative transformation of urban centers are stressed and analyzed. Based on the role in integration process in the SEE, the metropolitan region of Belgrade is pointed out as its principal carrier and the metropolitan region of Nis as its secondary carrier, as well as the urban centers of importance for the cross-border regional cooperation. As the most suitable instrument of internal regional integration the model of Functional Urban Regions (FURs) or Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) is proposed, and for external regional integration is proposed the model of Metropolitan European Growth Areas (MEGAs). The coherent short-term and long-term development strategies for Serbian towns and their regions seem absent.

DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION ON THE USE AND PROTECTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES IN SETTLEMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Guzal Uzakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Land Code

The article provides information on the stages ofdevelopment of legislation on the use and protection of natural resources in settlements during the years of independence. There are also a number of basic theoretical rules for the use and protection of natural resources in settlements. The author substantiates the need to adopt a new version of the Land Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan.The article provides a systematic analysis of the legislation in the field of privatization of land, acceleration of urbanization, the formation of urban agglomerations, the integrated development of the urban population

Dynamic monitoring of changes in medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from 1998 to 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

We studied the medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the last 20 years (1998–2018). A decrease in the population by 4,7 % (р<0,01) was revealed in the Russian Federation in the period 1998–2008, 3,4 % decrease, followed by its growth by 2,8 % (р<0,01); a decrease in the number of rural population in the republic and an increase in the urban population were observed. By the beginning of 2019, in comparison with the 2003 data, an increase in the population by 1.9% (р<0,01), a decrease in the number of able-bodied people in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the beginning of 2019, as compared to 1998, were revealed, by 8,2 %, in the Russian Federation – by 4,7 % (р<0,01). In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) the birth rate remains high, the mortality rate is relatively low, and the natural population growth is maintained.

scholarly journals Using Bayesian Belief Networks to assess the influence of landscape connectivity on ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies in urban landscapes in the UK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Karimi ◽  
Jim A. Harris ◽  
Ron Corstanje
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Landscape Connectivity ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bayesian Belief Networks ◽  
Belief Networks ◽  
Patch Area ◽  
Trade Offs

Abstract Context Landscape connectivity is assumed to influence ecosystem service (ES) trade-offs and synergies. However, empirical studies of the effect of landscape connectivity on ES trade-offs and synergies are limited, especially in urban areas where the interactions between patterns and processes are complex. Objectives The objectives of this study were to use a Bayesian Belief Network approach to (1) assess whether functional connectivity drives ES trade-offs and synergies in urban areas and (2) assess the influence of connectivity on the supply of ESs. Methods We used circuit theory to model urban bird flow of P. major and C. caeruleus at a 2 m spatial resolution in Bedford, Luton and Milton Keynes, UK, and Bayesian Belief Networks (BBNs) to assess the sensitivity of ES trade-offs and synergies model outputs to landscape and patch structural characteristics (patch area, connectivity and bird species abundance). Results We found that functional connectivity was the most influential variable in determining two of three ES trade-offs and synergies. Patch area and connectivity exerted a strong influence on ES trade-offs and synergies. Low patch area and low to moderately low connectivity were associated with high levels of ES trade-offs and synergies. Conclusions This study demonstrates that landscape connectivity is an influential determinant of ES trade-offs and synergies and supports the conviction that larger and better-connected habitat patches increase ES provision. A BBN approach is proposed as a feasible method of ES trade-off and synergy prediction in complex landscapes. Our findings can prove to be informative for urban ES management.

scholarly journals iBikeSafe: A Multi-Parameter System for Monitoring, Evaluation and Visualization of Cycling Paths in Smart Cities Targeted at Cycling Adverse Conditions

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1058-1086
Author(s):  
Franklin Oliveira ◽  
Daniel G. Costa ◽  
Luciana Lima ◽  
Ivanovitch Silva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Large City ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Parameter System ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Real Scenario

The fast transformation of the urban centers, pushed by the impacts of climatic changes and the dramatic events of the COVID-19 Pandemic, will profoundly influence our daily mobility. This resulted scenario is expected to favor adopting cleaner and flexible modal solutions centered on bicycles and scooters, especially as last-mile options. However, as the use of bicycles has rapidly increased, cyclists have been subject to adverse conditions that may affect their health and safety when cycling in urban areas. Therefore, whereas cities should implement mechanisms to monitor and evaluate adverse conditions in cycling paths, cyclists should have some effective mechanism to visualize the indirect quality of cycling paths, eventually supporting choosing more appropriate routes. Therefore, this article proposes a comprehensive multi-parameter system based on multiple independent subsystems, covering all phases of data collecting, formatting, transmission, and processing related to the monitoring, evaluating, and visualizing the quality of cycling paths in the perspective of adverse conditions that affect cyclist. The formal interactions of all modules are carefully described, as well as implementation and deployment details. Additionally, a case study is considered for a large city in Brazil, demonstrating how the proposed system can be adopted in a real scenario.

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