Guyana: Coercion and Control in Political Change

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Percy C. Hintzen ◽  
Ralph R. Premdas
Keyword(s):  
Political Order ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Communal Conflict ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Postcolonial States ◽  
And Control ◽  
State Protection

Many communally divided postcolonial states rely almost exclusively upon an effective machinery of control to ensure political order. This has stemmed from two factors: (1) unrestrained communal competition for votes; and (2) inheritance of a highly centralized state apparatus. The first condition has tended to politicize sectional cleavages, exacerbating distrust (Premdas, 1972: 19-20). Without a body of shared values in the state, protection of a communal group's interest is perceived to reside on the capture of the government. The second condition under such circumstances facilitates “effective domination of one group over another” (Smooha, 1980: 257). Apart from a consociational arrangement, democracy in deeply divided societies is elusive, rendering authoritarian control seemingly necessary to prevent protracted communal conflict and political disintegration (Lijphart, 1969: 207; Milne, 1975: 413; Norlinger, 1972). As a legitimator of domination, stability is a controversial value, especially in the face of cynical and brutal abuses of human rights.

scholarly journals Analisis Mengenai Unsur Pelayanan Publik Di Dalam Peraturan Gubernur Bali Nomor 46 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penerapan Disiplin Dan Penegakan Hukum Protokol Kesehatan Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Desak Komang Budiarsini ◽  
Putu Dita ◽  
Agus Ary Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

The writing of this article aims to find out and analyze how the analysis of Governor Regulation Number 46 of 2020 concerning the Application of Discipline and Law Enforcement of Health Protocols as Efforts to Prevent and Control Covid-19 seen from the rapid spread of the corona virus at this time. After the announcement of a positive case for the Covid-19 virus by the government on March 2 (two) 2020, the government continued to increase efforts and policies to suppress transmission of this virus. Starting from limiting social relationships (social distancing), limiting physical contact relationships (physical comparison) by appealing to all State apparatus, BUMN employees and private employees to limit activities in the office by encouraging work from home. The writing of this article is a research that uses a normative research method, using a statutory approach. Then analyzed descriptively qualitatively using primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials to get conclusions that are relevant to the problems at hand. The result of writing this article is how the form of public services provided by the Bali provincial government to the community to deal with or prevent the spread of Covid-19.

scholarly journals Overview of COVID-19 Response in Kaduna State, Nigeria, March-July 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Umeh ◽  
Dauda Milgwe Madubu
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
First Case ◽  
National Guidance ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Emergency Operating

The last six months have seen concerted efforts by government, development partners, communities, and individuals to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 has wreaked havoc in all the continents, from Asia, Europe, Africa, America to Australia. Nigeria recorded its first case of COVID-19 on 27 February 2020. Kaduna State, the former headquarters of the defunct northern region, with a total population of 10 million citizens, has recorded 1,457 confirmed cases and 21 deaths of COVID-19 as of 31 July 2020.In line with the national guidance, Kaduna State activated the COVID-19 Emergency Operating Centre (EOC) with the confirmation of a case to coordinate the response. The EOC developed an Incident Action Plan (IAP) with nine strategic pillars, including coordination, surveillance, and epidemiology, Infection Prevention and Control (IPC), case management, risk communication, logistics and supplies, laboratory, the point of entry, and research. COVID-19 is real, has maimed citizens, and claimed many lives. The economic, social, and human losses are enormous, and recession stares us in the face. We have no cure or vaccines to deal with the pandemic yet, so prevention and adherence to proven measures by citizens, corporate organizations, and the government to stem the incidence of the virus must be accepted as the new way of living. The challenges are daunting, but consultation, cooperation, and communication among citizens, corporate organizations, and government remain essential to finding the strength, resolve, and shared purpose to cultivate useful guidelines and measures to keep individuals, organizations and government running.

Communal armed organizations

1986 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-101
Author(s):  
Dan Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Divided Societies ◽  
Organized Violence ◽  
Communal Conflict ◽  
State Apparatus

A permanent threat of an outbreak of communal strife is a common characteristic of societies deeply divided along ethno-national, religious or linguistic lines. In such societies the state apparatus is often devoid of the capacity to maintain monopolistic control of the means for the exercise of organized violence in society. Indeed, there are many indications that conditions in communal-conflict-prone deeply divided societies are conducive to the evolvement of illegal or semi-legal community-based armed organizations (Horowitz 1982).

scholarly journals Exploration of the Evaluation and Optimization of Community Epidemic Prevention in Wuhan Based on a DEA Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7633
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Zhang ◽  
Peiyu Cao ◽  
Jiejie Meng ◽  
Jiuyun Qiu ◽  
Qiwen Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Normal Period ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

Background—Communities played a key role in preventing the spread of coronavirus, not only during the threshold period of the epidemic but also in the normal stage of prevention. Scientifically evaluating the community’s work is necessary for prevention in the normal period of the epidemic and can provide a reference for the management of different countries. Methods—Based on data envelopment analysis (DEA), this article used community worker data to evaluate the matching of service supply and demand during the epidemic period and used co-word analysis to analyze the content and the residents’ demands for community service from the threshold period to the normal period of the epidemic. Results—According to the results of the DEA model, early in the epidemic, 13 of the 15 districts’ DEA values were invalid, indicating that there was a shortage in community workers in Wuhan. The results of public opinion analysis showed that from the threshold to the normal period of the epidemic, the emphasis on community service gradually transformed from epidemic prevention to an integrated service, which effectively met the composite service needs of community residents for both prevention and life. Conclusions—In the face of public health emergencies, the government should ensure an adequate number of service personnel, mobilize the service resources, refine the service content, and adjust the incentive policy, which can help to improve the quality of residents’ lives and the coordination degree of the prevention and control as part of the epidemic control in the emergency period and the social and economic recovery after the epidemic.

Civil Society and Political Order in the Sahel

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-86
Author(s):  
Augustin Loada
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Political Liberalization ◽  
The Face ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
The Many ◽  
And Control ◽  
Do So

Like elsewhere in Africa, civil society in its current forms re-emerged in the Sahelian countries with political liberalization and the transition from authoritarian rule to democratic systems. This chapter surveys the emergence and the forms of civil society, and analyzes its roles and practices in relation to the efforts to create and maintain political order. Sahelian civil societies in each country have struggled to develop, to maintain their autonomy, and to participate in the construction of new political orders, in the face of the authoritarian impulses of powerholders to domesticate and control them. Civil society is called on to play an important role in promoting, defending, and protecting the principles and values of democracy and social justice in the face of states’ efforts to establish stable political order. The chapter explores the many factors shaping its ability to do so in the Sahel.

Design Policy Driven Development of Chinese Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei HU ◽  
Kun ZHOU ◽  
Hongshi ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Design ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Delta Area ◽  
Chinese Industry ◽  
Design Competition ◽  
The Government ◽  
Macroeconomic Regulation And Control ◽  
And Control

Governments all over the world are paying great attention to economic innovation and the development of design in modern society. They are spending more and more recourses on making rules for Industrial Design Policy and measuring its implementation. As a method to make macroeconomic regulation and control by the government, the effectiveness and importance of design policy has already been widely admitted. In a macro-background of the three turns of Chinese design policy, taking the design policy of Guangdong province as an example, this article will analyze how local/regional government should respond to the national design policy. Based on the investigation and analysis of the winners of the "Guangdong Governor Cup Industrial Design Competition", this paper discusses how industrial design competition as a part of the design policy to support the development of industrial design. After making a comparison with the design policy of the Yangtze River Delta area, this article tries to enhance and perfect the current policy path.

Verán ustedes las chozas más humildes. El discurso de pobreza en la diplomacia pública cardenista dirigida a Estados Unidos

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-281
Author(s):  
Sylvia Dümmer Scheel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas ◽  
The New Deal

El artículo analiza la diplomacia pública del gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas centrándose en su opción por publicitar la pobreza nacional en el extranjero, especialmente en Estados Unidos. Se plantea que se trató de una estrategia inédita, que accedió a poner en riesgo el “prestigio nacional” con el fin de justificar ante la opinión pública estadounidense la necesidad de implementar las reformas contenidas en el Plan Sexenal. Aprovechando la inusual empatía hacia los pobres en tiempos del New Deal, se construyó una imagen específica de pobreza que fuera higiénica y redimible. Ésta, sin embargo, no generó consenso entre los mexicanos. This article analyzes the public diplomacy of the government of Lázaro Cárdenas, focusing on the administration’s decision to publicize the nation’s poverty internationally, especially in the United States. This study suggests that this was an unprecedented strategy, putting “national prestige” at risk in order to explain the importance of implementing the reforms contained in the Six Year Plan, in the face of public opinion in the United States. Taking advantage of the increased empathy felt towards the poor during the New Deal, a specific image of hygienic and redeemable poverty was constructed. However, this strategy did not generate agreement among Mexicans.

Chernivtsi National University during the Romanian period in Bukovina’s history (1918-1940)

2017 ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Liubov Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
The State ◽  
Ongoing Training ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
National University ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University

The author investigates and analyzes the state Chernivtsi National University during the Romanian period in Bukovina’s history. During that period in the field of education was held a radical change in the direction of intensive Romanization. In period of rigid occupation regime in the province, the government of Romania laid its hopes on the University. The Chernivtsi National University had become a hotbed of Romanization ideas, to ongoing training for church and state apparatus, to educate students in the spirit of devotion Romania. Keywords: Chernivtsi National University, Romania, Romanization, higher education, Bukovina

Study to Evaluate Efficacy of Vajravatakmaņdura in Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescent Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Pareek Ayatullah Hosne Asif ◽  
Nisha Kumari Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trial Drug ◽  
And Control

Background: Anemia in adolescent girls possess greatest burden on their health as it leads to poor cognitive development, poor reproductive health and if not treated may lead to intrauterine growth retardation in their developing fetus. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent is 27% in developing country and 6% in developed country. The Government of India has launched National Anemia Control Programme, to prevent and control anaemia in children and adolescents. But the problem is still persisting because of many issues like - poor palatability, intolerance to the drug used, poor absorption of the drugs used, constipation, discoloration of stool, unpleasant odor and taste etc. result in poor compliance and therefore non adherence to the therapy which finally results in poor improvement. By looking at the magnitude of the problem, an Ayurveda drug Vajravatakmandura has been selected for the study and the present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the trial drug in iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls. Material and methods: 100 subjects satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and were randomly divided in two groups. In group A, the trial drug Vajravatakmaņdura was administered and in group B, IFA tablets were given for two month of duration with follow up at every fortnight. Result: Both the trial and control groups showed extremely significant result over subjective parameters. Trial drug Vajravatakmaņdura in group A was found more effective over the subjective parameters - weakness, palpitation, pallor and loss of appetite with % gain of 39.77%, 39.39%, 39.17%, 38.09% respectively. Statistical analysis between before and after treatment findings of objective parameters, extremely significant (P less than 0.0001) improvement was found in both groups in all parameters, except for RBC count in group A, which was significant. No adverse effects were reported during entire period of study by any of the patients in trial group treated with trial drug. Conclusion: The trial drug “Vajravatakmandura” is effective, safe and palatable for the management of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls.

An evaluation model of 2019-nCoV prevention effectiveness based on immigration data in China (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiangsheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Face ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Best Fit

BACKGROUND As of the end of February 2020, 2019-nCoV is currently well controlled in China. However, the virus is now spreading globally. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of outbreak prevention and control measures in a region. METHODS A model is built for find the best fit for two sets of data (the number of daily new diagnosed, and the risk value of incoming immigration population). The parameters (offset and time window) in the model can be used as the evaluation of effectiveness of outbreak prevention and control. RESULTS Through study, it is found that the parameter offset and time window in the model can accurately reflect the prevention effectiveness. Some related data and public news confirm this result. And this method has advantages over the method using R0 in two aspects. CONCLUSIONS If the epidemic situation is well controlled, the virus is not terrible. Now the daily new diagnosed patients in most regions of China is quickly reduced to zero or close to zero. Chinese can do a good job in the face of huge epidemic pressure. Therefore, if other countries can do well in prevention and control, the epidemic in those places can also pass quickly.

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