scholarly journals Temporal Expression of SOX9 and Type II Collagen in Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis of Mice after Mechanical Tension Stimuli

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teddy Cendekiawan ◽  
Ricky W. K. Wong ◽  
A. Bakr M. Rabie
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mechanical Tension ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Pentobarbitone Sodium ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objective: To associate the expressions of SOX9 and type II collagen during growth in the synchondrosis with and without tensile stress in order to understand the role of these factors in the growth of cartilage in spheno-occipital synchondrosis. Materials and Methods: Sixty 1-day-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Each group was subdivided again into five different time points which were 6, 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours. Each subgroup consisted of five mice. Each mouse was sacrificed using an overdose of pentobarbitone sodium. The synchondroses were aseptically removed and incubated in a 24-well plate with or without tensile stress in tissue culture. Tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically to quantitatively analyze the expression of SOX9 and type II collagen. Results: There was a statistically significant increase of 57% (P < .001) in the expression of SOX9 between the experimental and control groups at 24 hours, followed by a significant increase of 44.4% (P < .001) in the expression of type II collagen at 72 hours. Conclusions: SOX9 may play an important role for early differentiation of chondrocytes and increase the expression of type II collagen, a major component of the extracellular matrix, during the growth of cartilage in the spheno-occipital synchondrosis.

scholarly journals DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 Gene Polymorphisms and Laryngeal Cancer Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7486
Author(s):  
Mirosław Śnit ◽  
Maciej Misiołek ◽  
Wojciech Ścierski ◽  
Anna Koniewska ◽  
Grażyna Stryjewska-Makuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Allele Distribution ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

AIM, DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 are the cell glycoprotein, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. This study was designed to assess the association between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 SNPs and laryngeal cancer risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study including 267 patients with histologically confirmed laryngeal cancer and 157 controls. The relationship between genetic variations DIAPH2 (rs6620138), PTPRD (rs3765142) and HIC1 (rs9901806) and the onset of laryngeal cancer were investigated. Statistical analysis to calculate the relationship between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 genes polymorphism and pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer. RESULTS: The results showed that rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism could increase the onset risk of laryngeal cancer. Statistically significant differences in allele distribution of rs6620138 DIAPH2 and rs9901806 HIC1 in the case and control groups subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This study results suggested that genetic variation of rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. Our results provide a basis to begin basic research on the role of DIAPH2 gene in the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer.

THE ROLE OF WHATSAPP IN TEACHING VOCABULARY TO THE STAFFS OF UMBUL PONGGOK KLATEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Lia Ardiana Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the significant role of WhatsApp in teaching vocabulary, especially staff learning achievement which was limited to vocabulary achievement as measured by a vocabulary test at Umbul Ponggok Klaten. Participants in this study amounted to 30 people consisting of 15 men and 15 women. All participants will learn English as a foreign language using WhatsApp to learn new vocabulary items via their mobile, tablet or laptop. Participants' English level will be measured. Random sampling procedure was carried out. To carry out the research, a true experimental design was used. The participants were assigned to two experimental and control groups. The assessment instrument in this study used a pre-test and post-test. The results showed that the use of the WhatsApp application in teaching vocabulary to the Umbul Ponggok Klaten staff was able to improve the achievement of new English vocabulary mastery of the Umbul Ponggok Klaten staff which was getting better.

scholarly journals Clinical Impact of Estradiol/Testosterone Ratio in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Won Choi ◽  
In Woo Ryoo ◽  
Jun Yeong Hong ◽  
Kyung-Yul Lee ◽  
Hyo Suk Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Sex hormones may be associated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke or stroke-related events. In observational studies, lower testosterone concentrations are associated with infirmity, vascular disease, and adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Currently, female sexual hormones are considered neuroprotective agents. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of sex hormones and the ratio of estradiol/testosterone (E/T) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2016, 146 male patients with AIS and 152 age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in this study. Sex hormones, including estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone, were evaluated in the AIS patient and control groups. We analyzed the clinical and physiological levels of sex hormones and hormone ratios in these patients.Results: The E/T ratio was significantly elevated among patients in the stroke group compared to those in the control group (P = 0.001). Categorization of data into tertiles revealed that patients with the highest E/T ratio were more likely to have AIS [odds ratio (OR) 3.084; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.616-5.886; P < 0.001) compared with those in the first tertile. The E/T ratio was also an independent unfavorable outcome predictor with an adjusted OR of 1.167 (95% CI: 1.053-1.294; P = 0.003).Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that increased estradiol and reduced testosterone levels are associated with AIS in men.

scholarly journals Roles of gene transcription and PKA subtype activation in maturation of murine oocytes

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 799-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
KF Rodriguez ◽  
RM Petters ◽  
AE Crosier ◽  
CE Farin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Germinal Vesicle Breakdown ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Alpha Amanitin

The aims of this study were to examine the role of transcription and the coincident involvement of type I and type II protein kinase A (PKA) in the resumption of meiosis in murine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) using the transcriptional inhibitors 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) and alpha-amanitin. The first series of experiments was designed to: (i) characterize the role of transcription in gonadotrophin-mediated and spontaneous maturation of murine oocytes; (ii) examine the roles of specific gonadotrophins (FSH versus hCG) and cumulus cells in transcriptionally mediated oocyte maturation; and (iii) determine the reversibility of the transcriptional arrest of meiosis. In the presence of FSH, transcriptional inhibitors arrested germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) (DRB: 2 +/- 2% and control: 76 +/- 2%; alpha-amanitin: 4 +/- 4% and control: 70 +/- 4%). Furthermore, cumulus cells were required for transcriptional inhibitors to arrest GVBD (DRB with cumulus cells: 0 +/- 15%; DRB without cumulus cells: 94 +/- 13%; alpha-amanitin with cumulus cells: 15 +/- 2%; alpha-amanitin without cumulus cells: 99 +/- 2%). Thus, in mice, FSH-mediated GVBD uses a transcriptional mechanism, which probably occurs within the cumulus cell compartment. In a second series of experiments, the role of transcription in mediating the resumption of meiosis after activation of either type I or type II PKA was examined. Activation of type I PKA in murine COCs resulted in an arrest of GVBD that was independent of a transcriptional event (with DRB: 7 +/- 9% GVBD; without DRB: 11 +/- 9% GVBD). In contrast, activation of type II PKA resulted in a resumption of meiosis, which required the occurrence of gene transcription (with DRB: 12 +/- 9% GVBD; without DRB: 80 +/- 9% GVBD). As FSH binding to cumulus cells activates the PKA second messenger system, our results indicate that, in cultured murine COCs, FSH binding to cumulus cells results in the activation of type II PKA, which, in turn, mediates a downstream transcriptional event required for the initiation of GVBD.

Investigating ADAMTS7 and ADAMTS12 levels in prediabetic and Type 2 diabetic patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercan Taştemur ◽  
Selvihan Beysel ◽  
Sema Hepşen ◽  
Sanem Öztekin ◽  
Erman Çakal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Human Enzyme ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: This study aims to investigate the role of ADAMTS7 and ADAMTS12 on atherosclerosis and inflammation in prediabetic and diabetic patients. Patients & methods: Serum ADAMTS7 and ADAMTS12 levels were compared with the atherosclerotic and inflammatory markers in diabetic (n = 65, female 30.9%, mean age = 53 years), prediabetic (n = 55, female 36.6%, mean age = 49 years) and control groups (n = 55, females 32.5%, mean age = 49 years). Serum ADAMTS levels were determined by a human enzyme-liked immunoassay. Results: In terms of ADAMTS7, there was no significant difference between diabetic, prediabetic and control groups (50.93, 44.34, 59.07, respectively; p > 0.05). ADAMTS12 is lower in diabetics (p < 0.05), whereas it is similar in prediabetics and controls (14.53, 20.76, 25.05, respectively; p > 0.05). ADAMTS7 and ADAMTS12 levels did not differ in diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy (p > 0.05). Conclusion: While ADAMTS12 was significantly lower in diabetics and prediabetics, ADAMTS7 and ADAMTS12 were not related to diabetic complications (nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy).

Appropriate Control Groups in Feminist Research

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Brown Parlee
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Methodological Issue ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Feminist Research ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Psychology Of Women ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
And Control ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Control groups in psychological research reveal the outlines of the investigator's theoretical framework. They identify variables which are assumed to affect the causal relationship between independent and dependent variable and, by implication, those which are not. This role of control groups is implicitly denied when they are discussed simply as a methodological issue. Feminist psychologists can use the inevitable interpenetration of methodological and theoretical issues to promote new theoretical perspectives under the guise of sounder methodology. One result may be to move the psychology of women outside (beyond-?) a conceptualization of science in which the notions of experimentation and control are central.

Role of Anticipation in Schizophrenia-Related Pursuit Initiation Deficits

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Avila ◽  
L. Elliot Hong ◽  
Amanda Moates ◽  
Kathleen A. Turano ◽  
Gunvant K. Thaker
Keyword(s):  
Target Motion ◽  
Motion Information ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pursuit Initiation ◽  
Information Studies ◽  
Pursuit System ◽  
Velocity Information ◽  
And Control ◽  
Eye Velocity

Schizophrenia patients exhibit several smooth pursuit abnormalities including poor pursuit initiation. Velocity discrimination is also impaired and is correlated with pursuit initiation performance—suggesting that pursuit deficits are related to impairments in processing velocity information. Studies suggest that pursuit initiation is influenced by prior target motion information and/or expectations and that this is likely caused by expectation-based changes in the perceptual inputs to the pursuit system. We examined whether poor pursuit initiation in schizophrenia results from inaccurate encoding of immediate velocity signals, or whether these deficits reflect a failure to use prior target motion information to “optimize” the response. Twenty-eight patients and 24 controls performed an adapted version of a “remembered pursuit task.” Trials consisted of a series of target motions, the first of which occurred unexpectedly, followed by four to seven identical targets each preceded by an auditory cue and a “catch target” in which a cue was given followed by target extinction. Initiation eye velocity in response to unexpected, first targets was similar in the patient and control groups. In contrast, patients showed lower eye velocity in response to repeated, cued targets compared with controls. Patients also showed reduced eye velocity in response to catch targets. Reduction in pursuit latency across repeated targets was less robust in patients. Results suggest that processing of immediate velocity information is unaffected in schizophrenia and that pursuit initiation deficits reflect an inability to accurately generate, store, and/or access “remembered” velocity signals.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS IN PREVENTION OF INTESTINAL STOMAS CLOSURE

2016 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Y. A. Shelygin ◽  
S. I. Achkasov ◽  
D. V. Piliev ◽  
O. I. Sushkov
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Single Intravenous Injection ◽  
Group I ◽  
Intestinal Stoma ◽  
Operation Results ◽  
And Control

AIM. To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in closure of preventive intestinal stomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In a main (I-first) group included 99 patients who did not undergo antibiotic prophylaxis (ABP). In the control (II-second) group were 96 patients who underwent ABP by a single intravenous injection of 1,2 g of amoxycillin / clavulanic acid in 30 minutes before the operation. RESULTS. The overall incidence of complications in the main and control groups was 23 (23,3 %) and 27 (27,9 %), respectively (p=0,53). Among them, the surgical site infection (SSI) was the first place in the frequency of complications: in group I in 12 (12,2 %) in group II in 11 (11,4 %) patients (p=0,35 ). Postoperative diarrhea with frequency of stools 5 or more times per day in second place infrequency, but has evolved into two less in the main than in the control group - in 4 (4,0 %), and 8 (8.3 %) patients, respectively (p=0,212). Febrile fever was detected more frequently in the first group than in the second - 6 (6,1 %) and 1 (1,0 %) cases, respectively (p=0,06). Other complications were the paresis of gastrointestinal tract (p=0,76), bleeding from the formed anastomosis area (p=0,149), pneumothorax (p=0,324), cystitis (p=0,309) and lobar pneumonia (p=0,309). There were no statistically significant complications associated with one of two groups. CONCLUSION. The results of the study not prove the effectiveness of the ABP in patients undergoing closure preventive intestinal stoma. This does not allow us to recommend its routine use. The question of prophylactic antibiotics should be taken individually, considering all the possible risks.

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