Effect of some chemical and physical elicitors on some secondary compound induction of Ricinus communis through callus induction

The results of the present study showed that AgNo3 and ABA has a negative effect on fresh and dry weight, where both of weight significantly decreased when treated with ABA and AgNo3 compare to control treatment, except callus treated with AgNo3 at 4mg/l, the rate of fresh and dry weight significantly increased reached to 434,77mg respectively compared to control. Physical treatment also had a significant effect on fresh and dry weight for callus, the highest fresh and dry weight significantly reached to 491,93 mg respectively when callus exposure for 10 minutes to UV ray. The exposure to light for different period had negative effect on the rates of fresh and dry weight, as the control superior significantly for all lighting treatment.The concentration of all the secondary compounds extracted from callus increased significantly compared to their concentration in the seed extract. The addition of chemical treatments to callus lead to the difference in the concentration of secondary compounds. The quercetin compound reached its highest and significantly to 95.17μg/ml at the concentration of 4mg/l of AgNo3. while kaempferol suffer significantly decrease at all concentration of AgNo3, and reached to highest value significantly at control 114.76μg/ml, added concentration at 6 mg/l of AgNo3 had a positive effect in increasing the concentration of Ricinin significantly to 119.90μg/ml. Show the results of Callus treatment with ABA, different in the concentration of secondary compounds compared with control, where control treatment significantly increase kaempferol and qurecetin compound, were reaching to71.41,114.76μg/ml respectively. While the concentration of ricinin significantly increased to 194.34μg/ml at 2mg/l ABA concentration compared to control. The physical treatment had a significant effect on the concentration of secondary compounds, the concentration of all compounds was highest significantly when callus exposure for 24 hour to light compared to control. There was no significant effect on the concentration of secondary compounds at callus exposure to UV for tow period of exposure

Download Full-text

LA INSERCIÓN COMERCIAL DE CHINA EN LATINOAMÉRICA

Investigación Económica ◽

10.22201/fe.01851667p.2019.310.71549 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 (310) ◽

pp. 137

Author(s):

Jorge Alberto López Arévalo ◽

Óscar Rodil Marzábal

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Free Trade ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Bilateral Trade ◽

Free Trade Agreements ◽

Trade Agreements ◽

Trade Integration ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Effect

Este trabajo estudia los intercambios bilaterales de China con México, Chile, Costa Rica y Perú desde la óptica del comercio intraindustrial durante 1995-2017. En particular, se analizan las diferencias en el patrón de inserción intraindustrial en un contexto marcado por la existencia (Chile, Costa Rica y Perú) o no (México) de acuerdos de libre comercio con China. El estudio se completa con un análisis econométrico (efectos fijos) de los determinantes del comercio intraindustrial. Los resultados muestran una inserción de bajo perfil intraindustrial, con la excepción de algunas partidas específicas relativas a productos eléctricos y de la industria automotriz. Por otro lado, se confirma el efecto positivo del tamaño de la economía, de la inversión extranjera directa y de la diferenciación de producto, así como negativo de la diferencia en el nivel de ingreso; mientras que existe una indefinición en el papel de los acuerdos de libre comercio con China. THE TRADE INTEGRATION OF CHINA IN LATIN AMERICA ABSTRACT This paper studies China’s bilateral trade with Mexico, Chile, Costa Rica and Peru from the perspective of intra-industrial trade during 1995-2017. In particular, the differences in the pattern of intra-industrial insertion are analyzed in a context characterized by the existence (Chile, Costa Rica and Peru) or not (Mexico) of free trade agreements with China. An econometric analysis (fixed effects) of the determinants of intra-industrial trade completes the study. The results show a low intra-industrial profile, except for some specific items related to electrical products and the automotive industry. The positive effect of the size of the economy, foreign direct investment and product differentiation is also confirmed, as well as the negative effect of the difference in income level. However, there is an undefined role for free trade agreements with China.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH PEMERIKSAAN PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK BADAN DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Pajak dan Keuangan Negara (PKN) ◽

10.31092/jpkn.v1i1.607 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Arif Nugrahanto ◽

Soupani Andri Nasution

Keyword(s):

Interaction Coefficient ◽

P Value ◽

Difference In Differences ◽

Audit Risk ◽

Dummy Variable ◽

Directorate General ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Independent Variable ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Effect

Several studies related to the effect of audits on taxpayer compliance provide different conclusions. Bergman and Nevarez (2006) find the fact that tax audits negatively affect compliance. In contrast, Gemmel and Ratto (2012) concluded that the audit had a negative effect on the group of taxpayers who obeyed, and at the same time had a positive effect on the group of taxpayers who did not comply. Given the different conclusions, the researcher is interested in testing in the Indonesian context by using the SIDJP data from the Directorate General of Tax for the period 2009-2013.The difference-in-differences approach model implemented in this study adopts Norman Gemmell and Marissa Ratto (2012). The dependent variable is income tax while the independent variable is the dummy variable for group, time and type of audits. Regression results show that the interaction coefficient between the dummy group variable and the time dummy variable which is the difference-in-differences coefficient, has a p-value that is statistically insignificant to reject null hypothesis. It tells that there is no difference in the level of compliance between the audited (corporate) taxpayer and non-audited (corporate) taxpayers. No impact on the level of compliance of taxpayers may come from several reasons, including the small coverage of the tax audits, the existence of the bomb crater effect, and the results of the type of updating audit risk.

Download Full-text

Fibrin Glue Does Not Improve Healing of Gastrointestinal Anastomoses: A Systematic Review

European Surgical Research ◽

10.1159/000366418 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (1-2) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Tyge Nordentoft ◽

Hans-Christian Pommergaard ◽

Jacob Rosenberg ◽

Michael Patrick Achiam

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Fibrin Glue ◽

Healing Process ◽

Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Effect

Background/Aim: Anastomotic leakage remains a frequent and serious complication in gastrointestinal surgery. In order to reduce its incidence, several clinical and experimental studies on anastomotic sealing have been performed. In a number of these studies, the sealing material has been fibrin glue (FG), and the results in individual studies have been varying. The positive effect of anastomotic sealing with FG might be due to the mechanical/physical properties, the increased healing of the anastomoses or both. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the existing evidence on the healing effects of FG on gastrointestinal anastomoses. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane databases were searched for studies evaluating the healing process of gastrointestinal anastomoses after any kind of FG application. The search period was from 1953 to December 2013. Results: Twenty-eight studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. These studies were all experimental studies, since no human studies used histological or biochemical evaluation of healing. In 7 of the 28 studies, a positive effect of FG on healing was found, while 8 studies reported a negative effect and 11 studies found no effect. Furthermore, 2 studies reported unclear results. The difference in the study outcome was independent of the study design and the type of FG used. Conclusion: In the available studies, FG did not consistently have a positive influence on the healing of gastrointestinal anastomoses. It is consequently plausible that the positive effect of FG sealing of gastrointestinal anastomoses, if there is any, may be due to a mechanical sealing effect rather than due to improved healing per se.

Download Full-text

Education and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: Empirical Evidence from GMM Estimators for Dynamic Panel Data

Economics and Business ◽

10.2478/eb-2021-0002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 14-29

Author(s):

Wafa Sebki

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Panel Data ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Dynamic Panel Data ◽

Dynamic Panel ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

Difference Gmm ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract The paper aims at studying the effect of education measured by enrolment ratios in secondary and higher education on economic growth measured by the rate of GDP growth in a sample of 40 developing countries during the period from 2002 to 2016 using the dynamic panel data estimators. The results of estimating the model of this study using the difference GMM estimator or what is known as the Arellano and Bond estimator showed that the proportions of those enrolled in tertiary education had a significant positive effect on economic growth, while the proportions of those enrolled in secondary education had a significant negative effect.

Download Full-text

Subjective Well-Being Siswa SMA Jurusan IPA dan IPS

Journal of Health and Behavioral Science ◽

10.35508/jhbs.v2i2.2194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 80-87

Author(s):

Komang A. W. Mahayasih ◽

Dian Lestari Anakaka ◽

Fredericksen Victoranto Amseke

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

T Test ◽

Social Programs ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Test Analysis ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Effect

Subjective well-being is circumstances of prosperous and self-satisfaction, which is the positive satisfaction that happens if the need and hope of someone is being fulfilled. Subjective well-being is caused by positive effect, negative effect, and life satisfaction effect. The purpose of this research is to find out the difference of subjective well-being of eleventh grades students of science and social programs. The sampling technique of this research is purposive sampling with the number of samples are 147 students in SMA Negeri 3 Kupang. The method of data analysis is t-test analysis method. The result of this research showed that the difference of subjective well-being of eleventh grade students of science and social programs with coefficient contras of t-test is 0,000 with p < 0,05

Download Full-text

ANALISIS PENGARUH ENVIROMENTAL PERFORMANCE DAN SIZE TERHADAP NET PROFIT MARGIN DENGAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2013 – 2015

BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen) ◽

10.26740/bisma.v9n2.p91-100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

Trias Madanika Kusumaningrum

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Environmental Performance ◽

Profit Margin ◽

Significant Negative Effect ◽

Net Profit ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

Corporate Social ◽

Positive Effect

This study aimed to analyze the influence of Environmental Performance, SIZE, and Corporate Social Responsibility to the net profit margin and the difference between the influence of the Environmental Performance and Corporate Social Responsibility SIZE as an intervening variable.The samples were registered manufactories on BEI, with total amount of samples (n) were 93 with pooling data method from 2013 to 2015. Sample was taken using purposive sampling method based on particular criteria which was appropriate with research purposes.The results showed that the Environmental Performance (EP) significant negative effect on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Size significant negative effect on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Environmental Performance (EP) significant positive effect on net profit margin (NPM), Size does not effect on the net profit margin (NPM), Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has no effect on net profit margin (NPM), Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the first model did not prove to mediate Environmental Performance (EP) to Net Profit Margin (NPM), and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the second model is not proven to mediate Size to Net Profit Margin (NPM).

Download Full-text

Influence of Martian Radiation-like Conditions on the Growth of Secale cereale and Lepidium sativum

Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences ◽

10.3389/fspas.2021.665649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

N. Tack ◽

G.W.W. Wamelink ◽

A.G. Denkova ◽

M. Schouwenburg ◽

H. Hilhorst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Solar Flares ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

High Dose ◽

Martian Surface ◽

Crop Species ◽

Negative Effect ◽

And Control

The Martian surface is constantly exposed to a high dose of cosmic radiation consisting of highly energetic particles and multiple types of ionizing radiation. The dose can increase temporarily by a factor of 50 through the occurrence of highly energetic solar flares. This may affect crop growth in greenhouses on the Martian surface possibly making settlement of humans more complicated. Shielding crops from radiation might be done at the expense of lighting efficiency. However, the most energy-efficient cultivation may be achieved through the use of natural daylight with the addition of LED lights. The goal of our research was to investigate whether Martian radiation, both the constant and the solar flares events, affects plant growth of two crop species, rye and garden cress. The levels of radiation received on the surface of Mars, simulated with an equivalent dose of 60Co γ-photons, had a significant negative effect on the growth of the two crop species. Although germination percentages were not affected by radiation, biomass growth was significantly decreased by 32% for cress and 48% for rye during the first 4 weeks after germination. Part of the biomass differences may be due to differences in temperature between radiation and control treatment, however it cannot explain the whole difference between the treatment and control. Coloring of leaves, necrosis and brown parts, was observed as well. Temporary increases in ionizing radiation dose at different development stages of the plants did not significantly influence the final dry weight of the crops.

Download Full-text

The effect of consumer-based brand authenticity on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty

Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics ◽

10.1108/apjml-05-2021-0358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Adem Uysal ◽

Abdullah Okumuş

Keyword(s):

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Brand Loyalty ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Significant Positive Effect ◽

Content Type ◽

Brand Authenticity ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Effect

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of consumer-based brand authenticity (CBBA) on customer satisfaction (CS) and brand loyalty (BL). The moderating effect of the variable “alternative attractiveness” in the relationship between CS and BL was further investigated. The study compared and analyzed the difference between global sportswear brands and domestic ones and the difference between global chocolate brands and domestic ones in terms of CBBA, CS, BL and attractiveness of alternatives (AA).Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling and multigroup analysis were conducted in order to analyze the data collected from 600 consumers via face-to-face survey.FindingsThe results showed that quality commitment and heritage-sincerity, which are subdimensions of CBBA, had a significant positive effect on CS. Additionally, both of them affected CS differently in the comparison of the global brands with the domestic ones. Furthermore, CS had a significant positive effect on BL, and AA had a negative effect on BL.Originality/valueThis study deepens the insights into the effects of antecedents of CBBA on CS and BL, enhancing the research with quantitative analysis through two different product groups. The study provides important cues on which antecedents of CBBA help to strengthen the authenticity of brands of Turkish and global origin, and also differs in that it examines to what extent the effect of CBBA on CS and BL varies across global and domestic brands.

Download Full-text

PENGARUH TURNOVER INTENTIONS, SELF RATE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE, DAN SELF ESTEEM TERHADAP PENERIMAAN DYSFUNCTIONAL BEHAVIOR IN AUDIT DALAM PRESPEKTIF GENDER (Studi padaKantorAkuntanPublik Se- JawaTengah)

Media Riset Akuntansi Auditing & Informasi ◽

10.25105/mraai.v9i3.730 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Hj. Falikhatun ,

Keyword(s):

Turnover Intentions ◽

Employee Performance ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Male And Female ◽

Dysfunctional Behavior ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Public Accountant

The objective of this research are: first, examining the effect of turnover intentions, self rate employee performance and self esteem on acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit, and second tested the differences on acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit for male and female auditor Hypotheses that proposed are turnover intentions and self esteem will have positive effect on acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit, while, self rate employee performance will has negative effect on acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit. The next hypotheses is the difference of acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit for male and female auditor. The population is auditors working in public accountant firm located in Central Java. Purposive random sampling used to take the samples. Data collection method that used is mail questionnaires method. Data analyze method is validity and reliability analysis, classic assumption analysis and hypotheses analysis that used multiple regression and independent sample t test. The results are all variables valid and reliable and fulfil classic assumption. The result of hypotheses analysis show that self rate employee performance will has positive significantly effect on acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit, while turnover intentions, and self esteem have insignificant positive effect on acceptance dysfunctional behavior. For gender prespective, acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit for male and female auditor isn 't different.Keywords: turnover intentions, self rate employee performanc, self esteem, acceptance of dysfunctional behavior in audit, gender.

Download Full-text

Use of foliar fertilizers on soybeans in the Republic of Tatarstan

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20201700069 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 00069

Author(s):

Valeria Kolesar ◽

Gulsia Sharipova ◽

Diana Safina ◽

Radik Safin

Keyword(s):

Control Sample ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Phosphorus Accumulation ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Difference ◽

The Republic ◽

The Impact ◽

Positive Effect

In 2018, studies were conducted to assess the impact of foliar feeding with complex fertilizers on the yield and grain quality of two soybean varieties. Weather conditions throughout the year were noted periodically dry in May, June and August. Metallocene® fertilizers with different mineral nutrition elements were used for soybean spraying. The fertilizers were used for spraying in the soybean beginning bloom stage. Epy control served as a variant without foliar feeding. It was found that the variety Annushka in the conditions of 2018 was more productive than the variety Milyaushaa. The difference between the varieties in the control was 0.3 t/ha. Low yield in the control sample was associated with the negative effect of drought on the existing root system and the nudeles on it. Spraying Annushka crops by Metallocene® A with copper has high positive effect on the yield. The yield increase from this fertilizer was 0.72 t/ha. In case with Milyaushaa, the best indicators were achieved by Metallocene® D spraying with manganese. In case the yield increased by 0.79 t/ha. The use of foliar feeding had positive effect on soybean seed size. The maximum 1000 seed weight Annushka was for Metallocene® A with copper. For Milyaushaa the largest seeds were when using Metallocene® D with manganese. Foliar feeding by Metallocene® D with manganese had positive effect on phosphorus accumulation in seeds.

Download Full-text