QUESTÕES DE LITÍGIO ENTRE O PIAUÍ E O CEARÁ: EMBATES PELA VILA DE AMARRAÇÃO NO LITORAL DO PIAUÍ (1880 – 1884)

2021 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 225-252
Author(s):  
Marcus Pierre de Carvalho Baptista ◽  
Francisco de Assis de Sousa Nascimento ◽  
Mary de Carvalho Baptista
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Sensitive Issues ◽  
The Village ◽  
Political Groups

The article discusses both the litigious situation between the provinces of Piauí and Ceará at the end of the 19th century, related to what was then the village of Amarração on the coast of Piauí, as well as the local political influence on the issue. In the Imperial Senate, the litigation caused clashes between Senator João Lustosa da Cunha Paranaguá from Piauí, and Senator Domingos José Nogueira Jaguariber from Ceará, for both of whom the territory in question was equally important for their provinces. For the former, the condition of Amarração as an outlet for products through the construction of a seaport was necessary for the progress of Piaui’s economy, thus justifying his proposal to exchange Amarração, belonging to Ceará, for Vale do Crateús in the Serra da Ibiapaba, located then in Piauí. We used as sources the newspapers “A Imprensa” and “A Época” which published transcripts of the speeches given by both senators on the issue between the years 1880 and 1884. We also analyzed the perspectives on the proposed exchange held by the Liberal and Conservative Parties, the main political groups in Piauí at the time. We point out that the litigation situation caused clashes between not only Piauí and Ceará but also between the local elites themselves, since both parties disagreed on the issue. In addition, our analysis shows that the litigation led to other sensitive issues equally important for the materialization of the exchange, such as the drought and, especially, the wishes of the local populations.

Сирия (аш-Шам) в системе османских владений (XVI – начало XX в.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Zhantiev
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level ◽  
The 19Th Century

Аннотация В статье рассматривается роль и место Сирии (включая Ливан и Палестину) в системе османских владений на протяжении нескольких веков от османского завоевания до периода правления султана Абдул-Хамида II. В течение четырех столетий османского владычества территория исторической Сирии (Билад аш-Шам) была одним из важнейших компонентов османской системы и играла роль связующего звена между Анатолией, Египтом, Ираком и Хиджазом. Необходимость ежегодной организации хаджа с символами султанской власти и покровительства над святынями Мекки и Медины определяла особую стратегическую важность сирийских провинций Османской империи. Несмотря на ряд серьезных угроз во время общего кризиса османской государственности (конец XVI начало XIX вв.), имперскому центру удалось сохранить контроль над Сирией путем создания сдержек и противовесов между местными элитами. В XIX в. и особенно в период правления Абдул- Хамида II (18761909 гг.), сохранение Сирии под османским контролем стало вопросом существования Османской империи, которая перед лицом растущего европейского давления и интервенции потеряла большую часть своих владений на Балканах и в Северной Африке. Задача укрепления связей между имперским центром и периферией в сирийских вилайетах в последней четверти XIX в. была в целом успешно решена. К началу XX в. Сирия была одним из наиболее политически спокойных и прочно связанных со Стамбулом регионов Османской империи. Этому в значительной степени способствовали довольно высокий уровень общественной безопасности, развитие внешней торговли, рост образования и постепенная интеграция местных элит (как мусульман, так и христиан) в османские государственные и социальные механизмы. Положение Сирии в системе османских владений показало, что процесс ослабления и территориальной дезинтеграции Османской империи в эпоху реформ не был линейным и наряду с потерей владений и влияния на Балканах, в азиатской части империи в течение XIX и начала XX вв. происходил параллельный процесс имперской консолидации.Abstract The article examines the role and place of Greater Syria (including Lebanon and Palestine) in the system of Ottoman possessions over several centuries from the Ottoman conquest to the period of the reign of Abdul Hamid II. For four centuries of Ottoman domination, the territory of historical Syria (Bilad al-Sham) was one of the most important components in the Ottoman system and played the role of a link between Anatolia, Egypt, Iraq and Hijaz. The need to ensure the Hajj with symbols of Sultan power and patronage over the shrines of Mecca and Medina each year determined the special strategic importance of the Syrian provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Despite a number of serious threats during the general crisis of the Ottoman state system (late 16th early 19th centuries), the imperial center managed to maintain control over Syria by creating checks and balances between local elites. In the 19th century. And especially during the reign of Abdul Hamid II (18761909), keeping Syria under Ottoman control became a matter of existence for the Ottoman Empire, which, in the face of increasing European pressure and intervention, lost most of its possessions in the Balkans and North Africa. The task of strengthening ties between the imperial center and the periphery in Syrian vilayets in the last quarter of the 19th century was generally successfully resolved. By the beginning of the 20th century, Syria was one of the most politically calm and firmly connected with Istanbul regions of the Ottoman Empire. This was greatly facilitated by a fairly high level of public safety, the development of foreign trade, the growth of education and the gradual integration of local elites (both Muslims and Christians) into Ottoman state and social mechanisms. Syrias position in the system of Ottoman possessions clearly showed that the process of weakening and territorial disintegration of the Ottoman Empire during the era of reform was not linear, and along with the loss of possessions and influence in the Balkans, in the Asian part of the empire during the 19th and early 20th centuries there was a parallel process of imperial consolidation.

scholarly journals POTTERY WORKSHOP OF MYKILSKA SLOBIDKA VILLAGE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY (based on the latest archaeological excavations)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
A. M. Olenich ◽  
A. M. Olenich
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Different Parts

The paper introduces materials from the archaeological excavations on the territory of the village of the 16th—19th centuries Mykilska Slobidka. The village has not been subject to systemic archaeological excavations before. In 2016—2018 we carried out the investigating in different parts of the village. It was fixed that despite the modern urban development, the cultural layer was preserved in some parts of the village. Obtaining materials indicate the existence of pottery production there. The most interesting is the ceramic collection associated with the pottery complex of the beginning of the 19th century. The collection allows us to characterize the assortment of the pottery manufacturing in the Mykilska Slobidka village in the first half of the 19th century. Among the typical products of the workshops were pots decorated with white and red engobe painting, jugs, bowls, lids, mugs, flowerpots, bricks and probably tiles etc. It is interesting that there are no pottery clay deposits in the vicinity of the village. So it is possibly the clay was brought from other villages, may be on the other (right) bank of the Dnieper River.

scholarly journals Kaama-taguste udmurtide sügispalvus: rituaali etnograafiline kirjeldus välitööde põhjal

2018 ◽  
pp. 102-115
Author(s):  
Eva Toulouze
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Close Range ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Eastern Udmurt autumn rituals: An ethnographic description based on fieldwork There is a good amount of literature about Eastern Udmurt religious practice, particularly under its collective form of village rituals, as the Eastern Udmurt have retained much of their ethnic religion: their ancestors left their villages in the core Udmurt territory, now Udmurtia, as they wanted to go on living according to their customs, threatened by forceful Evangelisation. While many spectacular features such as the village ceremonies have drawn scholarly attention since the 19th century, the Eastern Udmurt religious practice encompasses also more modest rituals at the family level, as for example commemorations of the dead, Spring and Autumn ceremonies. Literature about the latter is quite reduced, as is it merely mentioned both in older and more recent works. This article is based on the author's fieldwork in 2017 and presents the ceremonies in three different families living in different villages of the Tatyshly district of Bashkortostan. It allows us to compare them and to understand the core of the ritual: it is implemented in the family circle, with the participation of a close range of kin, and encompasses both porridge eating and praying. It can at least give an idea of the living practice of this ritual in today's Eastern Udmurt villages. This depends widely on the age of the main organisers, on their occupations: older retired people will organise more traditional rituals than younger, employed Udmurts. Further research will ascertain how much of this tradition is still alive in other districts and in other places.

Tobolsk Bishop's house in the 19th century.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Natakia S. Kharina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Church History ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The 19Th Century

The study of various aspects of the Russian Orthodox Church history continues to be significant and relevant in modern science. From the second half of 15th – beginning of 16th centuries, we can speak about the emergence of two issues that will become the major touch points of Church and State. The strengthening of the absolute monarchy in the 18th century leads to the emergence of a new bureaucratic system in the state administration. These changes will inevitably affect the Tobolsk Bishop's house, and the conditions which it was placed in after 1764 led to changes in the principles of its organization and a significant restructuring. Therefore, the research objective is to redesign the process of socio-economic, political and cultural development of the Tobolsk Bishop's house in the 19th century. Various types of sources were used for the study: legislative and regulatory acts, published and archived materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Documents of management and record keeping of the Tobolsk Bishop's house occupy a special place, in particular the materials of the General paperwork management of Church institutions: ordinances, regulations, correspondence materials of local ecclesial authorities, reports of Siberian metropolitans to the Synod, etc. The study approach and methodological tools made it possible to achieve the goal and solve the research problems. The study shows that after the reform of 1764, the Tobolsk Bishop's house lost its former land holdings for a certain period, and like other diocesan departments, it was transferred to the state allowance. Diocese abolition to the episcopate, which deprived the former political influence, certainly had negative features. However, in the 19th century, there can be seen a gradual way out of the situation and the former possessions and property return, which to some extent allows to return to the former position of a large feudal lord of Western Siberia.

Złote łany, ziemniaczane pola i zagony buraków. Roślinny krajobraz polskiej wsi w perspektywie historii gospodarczej

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1 (460)) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Piotr Koryś
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The article discusses the role of plants in Poland’s economic development over the last 500 years. The author presents the role of five plants in the history of Poland’s development: cereals (wheat and rye), potatoes, sugar beet and rape. The specificity of the economic development of modern Europe has made Poland one of Europe’s granaries and an important exporter of cereals. This shaped the civilization of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and contributed to its fall due to institutional specificity. In the 19th century, potatoes played an important role in the population development of Polish lands, as they helped feed the rapidly growing population. The spread of sugar beet cultivation created the conditions for the development of modern sugar industry in the second half of the 19th century. It became one of the first modern branches of the food industry in Poland and contributed to the modernization of the village. Quite recently, oilseed rape was to become a plant that would bring back the times of agricultural sheikhs – no longer the nobility would trade in cereals on the European markets, but entrepreneurs producing a vegetable substitute for diesel oil.

Restaurarea și conservarea unei traiste ciobănești din colecția Muzeului Etnografic al Transilvaniei

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Vasilica Daniela Toader ◽  
◽  
Laura Troșan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Water Metal ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The Shepherd`s bag, made by hand, at the beginning of the 19th century in the village Jucul de Mijloc, Cluj county, has been exhibited in a glass showcase in the main Hall of the Museum since 2006. The leather is dehydrated, some parts are detached, torn, some tacks and buttons are missing, and some of them are corroded. The restauration processes started with leather hydration by exposure in essential oils of cedar, savory and tea tree mixture dissolved in distilled water, in drying closet, at room temperature, about 1 month. The detached parts were assembled with rabbit glue, 3-5% in warm distilled water. Metal corrosion products were mechanically removed from buttons, tacks and other metallic decoration made from brass and conserved with Paraloid B 72, 3% in solvents mixture.

scholarly journals Using wood on King Island, Alaska

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Alix
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
Island Community ◽  
Last 300 Years ◽  
Seward Peninsula ◽  
Wood Procurement ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

Abstract Ugiuvak, or King Island, off the coast of the Seward Peninsula in the Bering Strait, is among the few Arctic villages with stilt houses in an environment where wood is essentially lacking. In 1899, Edward W. Nelson, describing the island’s architecture, noted that wood was abundant. Today, the contrast is striking between the bareness and steepness of the coast and the extensive use of wood in the village. This article presents information about wood procurement and use as building material on Ugiuvak in the last 300 years based on literature review, on-site observations, and discussions with members of the King Island community. It briefly reviews the origin, circulation, and deposition of driftwood in the Bering Strait region. It then explores the possibility of a relationship in the 19th century between an increase in driftwood availability and the development of stilt architecture on the island, taking into account other wood sources that became available at the time. The last 150 years of occupation of the village were marked by a transition from a solely driftwood-based economy to one where driftwood was first supplemented and then largely replaced by lumber.

scholarly journals SOME EVIDENCE OF THE EVERYDAY LIFE OF THE SKOPTSY IN THE IRKUTSK PROVINCE (SECOND THIRD OF THE 19TH CENTURY)

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
ROMAN A. EVTEKHOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Local Parish ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The article examines the everyday details of the life of the Skoptsy of the Irkutsk province in the 30s-40s of the 19th century. The study is based on information from two cases of 1832 and 1848 on the disclosure by the priests of the local parish of a secret community of the Skoptsy in the village of Golumet’. Despite the rather close attention to the topic of non-traditional religious movements, many archival materials on this topic are still not in demand. The article presents the ritual and medical aspects of the life of Skoptsy: descriptions of methods of emasculation, characteristic self-restraints in everyday life, and even individual ideological views of eunuchs. Thanks to archival materials, it was possible to determine common, characteristic features of behavior for all members of the sect, their social portrait. According to the author, their survival was of particular importance for the sect, therefore, the issue of secrecy during meetings, conversations, ritual actions was given the greatest importance...

scholarly journals IS THE LOSS OF VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE REVERSIBLE? THE CASE OF LAHUN VILLAGE IN EGYPT

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 977-984
Author(s):  
M. Korachy
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Concrete Construction ◽  
Important Place ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The Future ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Abstract. In Fayoum, the largest oasis in the Egyptian western desert, the modern Lahun village was developed close by the ancient mud-brick Lahun Pyramid in the 19th Century. The architecture of Lahun village followed its ancestors’ architecture. Until 2003, a mix of mud and stone vernacular houses were dominant in the village. In 2010, 35% of the houses at Lahun main street, which leads to the pyramid site, were of mud brick/stone houses, the rest was replaced by high-rise concrete buildings. By 2019, little traces of the traditional vernacular dwellings survived a massive movement to concrete construction. In the last 15 years, the skyline of the village has completely transformed. Lahun’s loss of its vernacular architecture is not an exception, except in one case: Tunis village where a pottery school for locals, started 30 years ago, to change the future of Tunis, where traditional architectural techniques have taken an important place in contemporary constructions. What are the local needs when they decide to replace their traditional houses with concrete? What is the impact of the pyramid’s recent re-opening on the village? What should be learned from Tunis village? Could what remained from the aspects of the Lahun vernacular heritage be used to reverse the loss of the tangible architectural aspects? Is new architecture that is sympathetic to the traditional vernacular character of the village a solution?

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