scholarly journals INTERROGATIVE SPEECH ACTS AS RELICT MANIFESTATION OF SHAMANIC PRACTICE IN MONUMENTS OF PRIESTLY CULT (ON DATA OF THE RIGVEDA AND SIBERIAN SHAMANISM)

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Маргарита Алексеевна Воронкина
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
European Unity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Times ◽  
Descriptive Method

В работе текст памятника развитого жреческого политеистического культа рассматривается как манифестация ритуальной вербальной практики, сохранившей проявления архаической шаманской сакральной деятельности. Исследование осуществлялось на языковом материале «Ригведы» — корпуса древнейших текстов, генетически восходящих ко времени праиндоевропейского единства и в ряде черт типологически близких евразийскому шаманизму. В фокусе внимания оказывается коммуникативный характер речевой деятельности шамана — наделенного особыми способностями представителя сообщества, который вступает в вербальное взаимодействие с миром духов. Предмет исследования составляют вопросительные речевые акты, которые предстают одним из важных элементов шаманской обрядности. Актуальность исследования обусловлена существенным влиянием шаманизма на становление современной культуры. Достижению цели способствовало решение таких исследовательских задач, как описание и анализ разных типов вопросительных речевых актов «Ригведы», а также выявление их коммуникативных интенций в контексте гимна и связанной с ним ритуальной практики. В работе функциональный анализ вопросительных речевых актов продуктивно дополняется привлечением методов и данных таких дисциплин, как коммуникативистика, прагмалингвистика, история, этнография, религиоведение. Методы лингвистического наблюдения и описания, контекстуального и статистического анализа, фонематические, синтаксические и семантические наблюдения дополнены компаративистским анализом изданного обрядового материала сибирского шаманизма. В работе находит применение и историко-генетический анализ текста «Ригведы». Выявление разных по времени напластований памятника позволяет точнее установить прагматику принадлежащих им вопросов. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что как в шаманской практике, так и в ведийских гимнах вопросы выполняют основные функции коммуникации: сообщение, общение и воздействие. Исследование демонстрирует, что помимо неспецифической прагматики вопросы в ритуальной практике реализуют магико-заклинательную функцию речи. Устанавливаются происхождение и функции вопросов космогонических гимнов. Доказывается их поздний характер и переходное положение от магических вербальных действий к функциям компонента в структуре спекулятивных построений. The subject of the study is interrogative speech acts which appear to be one of the markers of the shamanic ritualism. The research work was carried out on the linguistic data of the Rigveda genetically traced to the times of Proto-Indo-European unity and in the range of traits typologically relevant to the Eurasian shamanism. The author raises the issue if the questions presented in the monuments of developed priestly cult refer to the shamanic verbal practice. The achievement of the outlined objective was provided by solving such research problems as description and analysis of different types of interrogative speech acts of the Rigveda, revealing their communicative intentions in the context of hymns and ritual practice. In the paper the functional analysis of interrogative speech acts is productively complemented with appealing to approaches and data of such scientific disciplines as communication studies, pragmalinguistics, history, ethnography, folklore and religion studies. In addition to the descriptive method as well as the contextual analysis and the statistical technology the author makes use of comparative analysis of the published ceremonial material of shamanism. Historical and genetic analysis of the text of the Rigveda also finds its application in the study. The author elicits that both in shamanic activity and in the Vedic hymns questions fulfil general functions of communication: message, interaction and impact. The paper demonstrates that apart from nonspecific pragmatic the questions in ceremonial practice objectivate the magical and invocatory speech function. Light is thrown upon the genesis and functions of questions of the cosmogonic hymns.

STRATEGI PRODUK BORDIR DI KAPALO KOTO, KOTO TANGAH SIMALANGGANG, KOTA PAYAKUMBUH (Studi Kasus di Usaha Bordir Limpapeh”s Kebaya)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Riris Susiani ◽  
Ernawati Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Product Strategy ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Times ◽  
Descriptive Method

AbstrakMasalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu pentingnya strategi produk dalam menjalankan sebuah usaha agar mampu bertahan dan bersaing  dengan perusahaan lain yang sejenis dalam kondisi persaingan yang ketat dan perkembangan zaman yang sangat cepat. Strategi produk sangat diperlukan dalam mememenuhi tuntutan konsumen seperti meningkatkan kualitas, menciptakan merek, pelayanan serta jaminan terhadap produk yang ditawarkan agar usaha mampu berkembang. Limpapeh”s Kebaya adalah usaha yang sedang berkembang dan telah mampu memasarkan produk bordirnya hingga menembus pasar ekspor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi produk bordir di Limpapeh”s Kebaya, Kapalo Koto, Koto Tangah Simalanggang, Kota Payakumbuh. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriftif kualitatif, jenis data berupa data primer dan  sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisa model interaktif yang berkaitan dengan pokok permasalahan yaitu dengan model reduksi data, penyajian data dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yaitu strategi produk yang dilakukan di Limpapeh”s Kebaya adalah dimulai dari menciptakan produk bordir yang berkualitas, desain motif bordir yang up to date dan kreatif, menyediakan ukuran yang special, memberi merek pada produk bordir, memberi kemasan yang menarik (paperbag) dan serbaguna, pelayanan yang cepat, tepat dan ramah serta pemberian jaminan terhadap produk border.Kata Kunci: strategi produk, pelayanan, bordir. AbstractThe problem in this study is the importance of product strategy in running a business in order to be able to survive and compete with other similar companies in conditions of intense competition and very rapid development of the times. Product strategy is very necessary in fulfilling consumer demands such as improving quality, creating brands, services and guarantees for products offered so that businesses are able to grow. Limpapeh's Kebaya is a growing business and has been able to market its embroidery products to penetrate the export market. This study aims to describe the strategy of embroidery products in Limpapeh's Kebaya, Kapalo Koto, Koto Tangah Simalanggang, Payakumbuh City. The research method uses qualitative descriptive method, the type of data in the form of primary and secondary data. The technique of collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques are carried out with interactive model analysis techniques that are related to the subject matter, namely with a model of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results of the research, namely the product strategy carried out at Limpapeh's Kebaya, are started from creating quality embroidery products, up-to-date and creative embroidery motifs, providing special sizes, giving brands to embroidery products, giving attractive packaging (paperbag) and versatile, fast, precise and friendly service and guarantee of embroidery products. Keywords: product, service, embroidery strategy.

scholarly journals PELANGGARAN MAKSIM TUTUR DALAM PEMILIHAN CALON PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 2019 (VIOLATION OF THE SPEECH ACT MAXIM IN THE PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES ELECTION DEBATE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA IN 2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Novi Paraswanty
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
Expressive Function ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Directive Function ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Representative Function ◽  
Descriptive Method

AbstractViolation of the speech maxim in the Presidential Candidates Election Debate of theRepublic of indonesia In 2019.This research was aimed at describing the forms of violationof the speech act maxim and describing the functions of violationofspeech act maxim in thepresidential candidate election debate of the Republic of Indonesia in 2019. This research wasqualitative, and conducted by using the descriptive method. The soutce of data was thePresidential Candidate Election Debate of the Republic of Indonesia in 2019. The researchresults of speech maxim violation in the Presidential Candidate Election Debate of theRepublic of Indonesia in 2019 consist of 5 research problems, which are: (1) the form ofquantity of maxim violation, (2) the form of quality of maxim violation, (3) the form of relevanceof maxim violation, (4) the form of method of maxim violation, and (5) the functions of speechacts of maxim violation. The form of quantity maxim violation consists of statements containinganswers that comprise the information needed. The form of quality maxim violation consists ofstatements that contain answers which are less convincing, and contain answers which aresimilar or agree to the questions, and also contain answers which the evidence is not true. Theform of relevance maxim violation consists of statements which contain answers that are notrelevance with the questions and contain the contents of the correct answer but are notrelevance. The form of method maxim violation consists of statements which containambiguous answers, and contain long and wordy answers. The function of the speech acts hasfour functions: Representative function which consists of statements of affirmation, conclusion,and facts. Expressive function consists of statements of praise, difficulty, happiness, andmisery. Directive function consists of statements of ordering, advising, and commanding.Commissive function consists of statements of promise, rejection, and threat.Keywords:violation of speech maxim, debate AbstrakPelanggaran Maksim Tutur Dalam Debat Pemilihan Calon Presiden Republik IndonesiaTahun 2019. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan wujud pelangaran maksim danmendeskripsikan fungsi tindak tutur pelanggaran maksim dalam debat pemilihan calonPresiden Republik Indonesia tahun 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif,dengan metode deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian ini ialah debat pemilihan calon PresidenRepublik Indonesia tahun 2019. Hasil penelitian dari pelanggaran maksim tutur dalam debatPemilihan Calon Presiden Republik Indonesia tahun 2019 ini terdiri dari lima rumusanmasalah yaitu : (1) wujud pelanggaran maksim kuantitas, (2) wujud pelanggaran maksimkualitas, (3) wujud pelanggaran maksim relevansi, (4) wujud pelanggaran maksim cara, dan(5) fungsi tindak tutur pelanggaran maksim. Wujud pelanggaran maksim kuantitas terdiri daripernyataan yang mengandung jawaban yang melebihi informasi yang dibutuhkan. Wujudpelanggaran maksim kualitas berupa pernyataan yang mengandung jawaban yang kurangmeyakinkan, mengandung jawaban yang sama atau sependapat, dan mengandung jawabanyang bukti kebenarannya tidak benar. Wujud pelanggaran maksim relevansi terdiri daripernyataan yang mengandung jawaban yang tidak sesuai dengan pertanyaan, danmengandung isi jawaban yang benar tapi tidak sesuai. Wujud pelanggaran maksim cara terdiridari pernyataan yang mengandung jawaban yang ambigu, dan mengandung jawaban panjanglebar, bertele-tele. Fungsi tindak tutur memiliki empat fungsi yaitu: Fungsi representatif yangterdiri dari pernyataan penegasan, kesimpulan, fakta. Fungsi ekspresif terdiri dari pernyataanmemuji, kesulitan, kesenangan, kesengsaraan. Fungsi direktif terdiri dari pernyataanmenyuruh, memberi saran, perintah. Fungsi komisif terdiri dari pernyataan janji, penolakan,ancaman.Kata-kata kunci: pelanggaran maksim tutur, debat

scholarly journals The Pragmatic Study of Speech Act Analysis in Discussion Activities on Speaking Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Widiastuti Muchsin
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Class Discussion ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Speech Act Analysis ◽  
Perlocutionary Act ◽  
Pragmatic Study ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The research problems of this research is what are the types and functions of speech acts that appear in discussion activities on speaking learning of 3rd semester students of Polytechnic ATI Makassar. The methods in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The subject of this research is the 3rd semester Politechnic ATI Makassar students in class discussion activities. The results of the study can be described as follows. There are several types of speech acts found. Based on the action objectives of the speaker's perspective, Locutionary act, Illocution act, and perlocutionary act are found. Locutionary speech acts include news, questions and orders. Illocutionary speech acts include assertive, directive, expressive, commissive and declarative illocution

scholarly journals Efekty restrukturyzacji wybranych przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych Polski Południowo-Wschodniej

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 98-115
Author(s):  
Tomasz Rachwał
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this paper is restructuring of industrial enterprises of south-east Poland in the period of economic transformation. These enterprises represent different types of largeness, ownership and sections of industrial production. They fulfil different functions in the economic structure, and most of them fulfil international functions or national functions with exporting part of the production for international markets. The purpose of this research is presenting the regularities and types of functioning of enterprises influenced by external and internal conditions. The research problems include: changes of ownership and organizational structure, changes of level and structure of employment, changes of technological processes and assortment of production, spatial changes in the directions of provision and sales, changes in the structure of costs, financial results and perspectives of development.

scholarly journals TYPES AND FUNCTIONS IN MEASURING SUBJECTS OF E-COMMERCE E-MAIL: A PRAGMATICS STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-271
Author(s):  
Nasstasya Ilona de Wannal ◽  
Heri Heryono
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Simple Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Descriptive Method

Transaction of e-commerce is often used to refer to selling physical products online, but can also describe all types of commercial transactions that are facilitated through the internet. This study aims to describe the kinds of Speech Actions in the use of Language as the subject of E-Commerce E-Mail and identify the function of speech acts used in the subject of E-Commerce E-Mail. Advertising is manifested in various forms (declarative, interrogative, imperative or a combination thereof), but all of which state the request or function invite to do something. This is in accordance with the nature of advertising that is persuasive. Then, the variety of languages used is business variety, as well in general, advertisements are presented with simple language and sufficient style interesting, which among others looks at aspects of typography, poetic expressions, and use of repetitive. The method used in this study is a descriptive method. The researcher collects data containing Speech Acts on E-Mail E-Commerce, classifies data according to its type, analyzes data, then draws conclusions from the results of the study. The results of the study show that: (1) there are 4 types of speech acts found in this study, which are locutionary, illocutionary, perlocutionary and combinations and (2) speech act functions found in the analysis are dominated by representative functions.

scholarly journals Word semantization in explanatory dictionaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
Yuliia Vozniuk
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Teaching Techniques ◽  
Word Usage ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Lexical Structure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Descriptive Method

The problem of identifying the meaning of a language unit was considered primarily in the context of the study of lexical semantics of the word, theoretical and applied aspects of lexicography and methods of language teaching. Techniques for revealing the meaning of a token in an explanatory dictionary by including in the structure of the dictionary article such components as definition, illustrations, information about stress and pronunciation, grammatical parameters, different types of information about word usage, origin, etc. became the subject of our study. The purpose of the study is to determine the parameters of word semantization. The sources of analysis were “Dictionary of the Ukrainian language”, ed. B. Hrinchenkо, “Dictionary of the Ukrainian language: in 11 volumes” and “Dictionary of the Ukrainian language”, ed. V. Zhaivoronok. The analysis of semantization techniques in the declared lexicographical works was carried out on the example of ritual vocabulary, namely the popular tokens of the Christmas cycle “засівальник”, “Коляда” (“коляда”), “кутя”, “Святвечір”. The main research methods were the descriptive method, implemented in the methods of inventory, division, interpretation, the method of lexicographic analysis, in particular the analysis of the microstructure of the dictionary, the comparative method. As a result of the research it was found that the semantization of the word in each of the analyzed dictionaries occurs according to various parameters related to the semantic, formal and functional characteristics of the word. Some of them were common to the three dictionaries, others were different. The microstructure of each of the dictionaries demonstrated a wide arsenal of semantization techniques, the main of which are illustrations, context, interpretation, information about word usage. There is a noticeable tendency to continue the lexicographic tradition from the dictionary of B. Hrichenko to new explanatory dictionaries, which are based on the work of predecessors. The widest range of semantization techniques is illustrated by “Dictionary of the Ukrainian language”, ed. V. Zhaivoronok is the newest of the studied editions, which is natural, because the lexical structure of the language is a dynamic system that is constantly updated, and therefore the means and methods of its description are improved.

scholarly journals The Mystery behind “Yawning”: A Physiological Insight

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Dipak Kumar Dhar ◽  
Ritik Arora
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Common Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
The Times ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Available Information

AbstractYawning is a very ubiquitous yet very poorly understood phenomenon. Even though with advancements in science, the scientific community has been able to decode the mechanisms and mysteries behind most of the physiological functions of the body, but we still do not have clear answers to this common activity that all of us experience numerous times on a daily basis. It is the enigma surrounding yawning that makes it all more intriguing. A lot of hypotheses and theories have been proposed since the times of Hippocrates. With more modern neuroimaging methods and bioassays available now, more meticulous inquiry is being increasingly made to elucidate a rational and scientifically sound physiological basis of yawning. A comprehensive and exhaustive study of articles and research work available on the internet on the subject was made through various search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, etc. This article attempts to provide in a nutshell the available information and knowledge on the subject and discuss its plausibility and the future direction of research in this field.

scholarly journals The Relevance of Applied Linguistics in Relation to Language and Communication Studies: A Worldwide Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Olesia Sadovets
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Language And Communication

Abstract The paper outlines the peculiarities of Applied Linguistics as a branch of science and specialty provided by universities worldwide. Its scope, relevance in modern labour market and immediate relation to communication and language studies have been analyzed. Its advantages as a flourishing educational program for tertiary education and as an occupation in modern digital world with diverse realms of communication and language application have been substantiated. A wide range of activities pressuposed by Applied Linguistics study have been outlined: researching language in classrooms (classroom-based research); work with different kinds of written and spoken texts (corpus linguistics); approaching language learning (learner autonomy); testing and assessment of language learning; expanding vocabulary (including multiword expressions); dictionary making; interpretation and translation; studies of bilingualism and multilingualism. It has been determined that five most important concepts are basic for understanding the relation of Applied Linguistics to language and communication studies: Functional Linguistics, Language and its Application, Communicative Competence; Cognitive Discourse Analysis, Conceptual Blending Theory, and Contemporary Discourse Analysis; Barriers in Specialized Translation fields and their overcoming (by means of technology); Linguistics and Culture; Language hierarchy, authority, policy, and planning. Applied Linguistics program in tertiary education provides students with necessary studies in relation to language and communication in terms of language communication, its components, conditions of successful communication and cooperation; language etiquette; speech codes, their switching and mixing; speech acts and their types; context of culture, situation and co-texts; assembling and working with corpora; researching collocations and units of meaning. Undergoing the program of Applied Linguistics in tertiary education students can broaden knowledge of linguistics and language; deal with contemporary issues concerning the diversity of languages and cultures in societies; learn and teach foreign languages; eliminate language and communication gaps between people of different cultures; enhance the development of languages and communication skills.

scholarly journals STUDY OF FINGERPRINT PATTERN IN KASHMIRI POPULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 503-505
Author(s):  
Sayma Samoon ◽  
◽  
Neelofer Jan ◽  
Syed Quibtiya Khursheed ◽  
Naveed Nazir Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chest Disease ◽  
Fingerprint Pattern ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Kashmiri Population ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

Background: Dactylography/Dactyloscopy/Dermatoglyphics is the study of fingerprints as a method of identification.Fingerprint is an easily available,accurate and authentic method of identification.Importance of fingerprints is of immense use in forensic,and criminal application.Nowadays the subject is also developing importance in various other field as well.A Aim:To identify the fingerprint pattern and its relation with gender in kashmiri population. Material and Method: A cross sectional study was done in the government chest disease hospital.The subjects were the staff of the department belonging to various regions and districts of kashmir.The subjects were asked to press their fingers on the stamp pad and then transfered to the paper. Result: Loops were the most common pattern found followed by whorls and arches.Loops was found in 53.8%,whorls in 39.5% and arches in 6.7%.In gender wise distribution a higher percentage of loops was found in females and whorls in males. Conclusion: In the current research work different types of fingerprint patterns were found. Fingerprint is an easily available and effective method of identification of a person. This study will prove helpful to experts in solving criminal cases, identifying missing persons or in case of a disaster.

scholarly journals Methodological Isomorphism as Ivan Franko’s Style of Scholarly Thinking

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Oleksiy Sinchenko
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Subject Knowledge ◽  
The People ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Reflection ◽  
Ukrainian Society ◽  
Empirical Material

The present paper tries to reconstruct Ivan Franko’s methodological thinking on the basis of his works and aims at synchronizing criteria, procedures and principles of proving and producing scholarly knowledge. The main purpose here is building isomorphic models of thinking and methodological instruction based on some Franko’s constants of the world view and understanding reality. Franko as a scholar was interested in various fields: literary studies, ethnography, linguistics, philosophy, social economics, law, political science, history, statistics etc. He intended to create the ground for institutionalization of research work in Ukrainian society. His scholarly universalism allowed using the knowledge from different fields simultaneously in order to study the same subject from different perspectives. This subject was a society which he understood as the people, class, and individual in his activities. At every stage of his methodological reflection, Franko adhered to clear determinism both in defining the subject field of research and in constructing his assertions. But the attempt to single out the subject knowledge in its pure form was complicated by the fact that he didn’t think of it separately from the sphere of application, and therefore he was focused on the methods related to the practical use and giving the opportunity of transferring the gained knowledge into the sphere of education. In the definitions of scholarly work he used such characteristics as “thoroughness and precision”, “good care and logic of scholarly analysis”, facts, observations, descriptions, comparisons, criticism, analysis (more simple and versatile). These markers form a framework that makes it possible to reconstruct the style of his thinking as a methodologist. In general, Franko’s style of scholarly thinking tended to inductivism. This style was determined by detailed description and study of empirical material with accurate statistical method; analogy and comparison through applying different kinds of scholarly languages; conceptual systems, often borrowed from the related spheres of knowledge, in particular notions of general methodology (evolution); interest in general research problems; search for transitional joints of sectorial methods, their conceptualization and approbation.

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