scholarly journals Suitability of Lemna Trisulca (Duckweed) in Water Purification

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terlumun Joseph Utsev ◽  
Uungwa Shachia Jude ◽  
Peter Okah
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Load Removal ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Percentage Removal

The research was aimed at studying the effectiveness of duckweed as a coagulant/disinfectant in the treatment of water and wastewater. Water sample was obtained from River Benue and duckweed was harvested near a residential area in Makurdi Town, Nigeria. Laboratory experiments were carried out using dosage, pH, temperature, initial concentration and Flocculating Speed as variables for both disinfection and coagulation. Results obtained revealed that, the optimum conditions with respect to disinfection (bacteria load removal) were; Dosage=0.4ml, pH=9, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=300µm and Flocculating speed=90rev/min, with highest percentage removal of 91% and 82% for the filtrate and powder respectively. For coagulation (turbidity and suspended solid removal), the optimum conditions were; Dosage=0.2ml, pH=5, Temperature=30°C, Initial concentration=633FTU and Flocculating Speed=90rev/min with the highest percentage removal at 84.3% and 80.4% for duckweed filtrate and powder respectively. It is recommended that, duckweed filtrate and powder should be used in water purification for drinking and greywater respectively.

scholarly journals Removal of Congo Red and Procion Red Using Zn/Fe Pillared Bentonite

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012051
Author(s):  
Desnelli ◽  
W R Asri ◽  
Hasanudin ◽  
M Said ◽  
P L Hariani
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Congo Red Dye ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Percentage Removal ◽  
Red Dye

Abstract The process of pillarization of metal oxide Zn/Fe compounds in bentonite has been carried out. The study of adsorbent weight, pH, adsorption time, and initial concentration were investigated to get the optimum reduction of Congo red and Procion red concentration. In addition, the pseudo kinetic also determined to investigate the rate and type of adsorption. From the experiment, the optimum conditions for removal of Congo red for the adsorbent weight, pH, and adsorption time were 0.02 g, 2, 20 minutes, respectively, while for the removal of Procion red was 0.04 g, 2, 20 minutes, respectively and both of adsorbent followed the pseudo-second-order model kinetics with chemisorption mechanism. Although the optimum conditions for removal of the two dyes were similar, in fact the percentage removal of the Congo red dye was greater. In conclusion, the Zn/Fe pillared bentonite was more suitable for the removal of the Congo red than Procion red.

Biosorption of As(V) from aqueous solutions by living cells of Bacillus cereus

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Giri ◽  
R. K. Patel ◽  
P. C. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Biomass Dosage ◽  
Batch Biosorption

In this work, the biosorption of As(V) from aqueous solutions by living cells of Bacillus cereus has been reported. The batch biosorption experiments were conducted with respect to biosorbent dosage 0.5 to 15 g/L, pH 2 to 9, contact time 5 to 90 min, initial concentration 1 to 10 mg/L and temperature 10 to 40 °C. The maximum biosorption capacity of B. cereus for As(V) was found to be 30.04 at pH 7.0, at optimum conditions of contact time of 30 min, biomass dosage of 6 g/L, and temperature of 30 ± 2 °C. Biosorption data were fitted to linearly transformed Langmuir isotherms with R2 (correlation coefficient) >0.99. Bacillus cereus cell surface was characterized using AFM and FTIR. The metal ions were desorbed from B. cereus using both 1 M HCl and 1 M HNO3. The pseudo-second-order model was successfully applied to predict the rate constant of biosorption.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY FROM INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL AREAS OF SANGO OTA, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Oguntade ◽  
V.I. I Fesiokwu ◽  
O. S. Sule
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
High Concentration

High concentration of contaminants in drinking water can affect human health. This study assessed quality of groundwater at industrial and residential areas of Sango Ota, Ogun State. Water samples were collected in triplicates from 8 wells at industrial and residential areas and analyzed for its physicochemical properties. The pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid (TDS), nitrate, sulphate, total suspended solid (TSS), total hardness (TH), iron, zinc, copper, lead, nickel, chromium and cadmium concentrations in the water samples were determined following American Public Health Association (APHA) procedure. Results showed that pH of 50 % of the wells were lower than minimum limit of 6.5 recommended by WHO. Sulphate, TH and iron in the water were significantly (p < 0.05) higher at residential area than industrial area. Electrical conductivity exhibited significant (p < 0.01) correlation with TDS (r = 0.701**) and NO32- (r = 0.922**) at residential area. At the industrial area however, concentration of salts in water samples was highly associated with SO42- (r = 0.864**) and Cd (r = 0.587**). Across locations of groundwater, iron and lead were above allowable WHO limits in drinking water. Cadmium was also above drinking limit at location T4 of the residential area. Consumers of groundwater in the study area are prone to health related challenges of heavy metal toxicity.

scholarly journals Coagulant potentials of Moringa oleifera seeds in water purification

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Thorat ◽  
D. A. Malvekar ◽  
A. U. Sutar
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Almost All

The main objective of this study is to confirm the potentials of Moringa oleifera seeds over alum for water purification. Various doses of Moringa seed powder 4, 8, 12 g/l were taken and checked for treatment of river and sewage water. After treatment of seed powder with water samples were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters like pH, Absorbance, TDS, TSS, Hardness, Chlorides, Conductivity, Turbidity, MPN and DO. Almost all parameters showed reduction with increasing dosage of Moringa seed powder. Similar doses of alum were checked with river water sample and were analyzed for above mentioned parameters. The results obtained showed that seed powder (natural coagulant) is more effective than conventional chemical coagulant., alum. The seed of Moringa oleifera is cheap, eco-friendly and non-toxic, can be effectively used as a coagulant for river and sewage water purification.

Cobalt Ion Extraction from Wastewater by P204 Microemulsion Saponified

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 407-410
Author(s):  
Du Shu Huang ◽  
Jin Gang Yu ◽  
Rui Min Xiao ◽  
Zi Jing Li ◽  
Li Da Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phase ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Microemulsion System ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Extraction Coefficient ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Ion Extraction ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

The extraction process of cobalt using microemulsion system saponified with P204 as extracting agent was studied. The influence of initial concentration, the concentration of P204, initial pH, the extracting time and the concentration of cobalt and nickel on extraction coefficient were also studied. Experimental results show that the saponification microemulsion system using P204 as extractant is thermodynamic stable, and it can separate cobalt better. The optimum conditions were achieved as: the initial concentration is 0.05 mol/L, pH is 2; The concentration of P204 is 10%, extraction time is 10 min; The volume ratio of organic phase to water phase is 2:1.

Adsorption of Cu2+ Metal Ions on Dithizone-Immobilized Natural Bentonite

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Dian Mira Fadela ◽  
Mudasir Mudasir ◽  
Adhitasari Suratman
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Electrostatic Interaction ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Activated Bentonite

The research of adsorption of Cu2+ metal ion on dithizone-immobilized natural bentonite (DNB) had been carried out. The experiment was begun by the activation of natural bentonite with HCl 4 M and dithizone-immobilized on activated bentonite surface. This study included synthesis and characterization of dithizone-immobilized bentonite and its application in adsorption of Cu2+ metal ions. The type of interaction occurred in the adsorption was tested by sequential desorption. The result showed that dithizone successfully immobilized on activated natural bentonite (ANB). The optimum conditions for Cu2+ metal ions adsorption using dithizone-immobilized natural bentonite are at pH 5; 0.1 g mass of adsorbent, with interaction time 60 min, and the initial concentration of ion at 80 ppm. Kinetics and adsorption isotherm studies suggest that the capacity, of the dithizone-immobilized natural bentonite in adsorbing Cu2+ metal ion is significantly improved compared to activated natural bentonite. The adsorption of Cu2+ metal ions by activated natural bentonite was through several interactions dominated by electrostatic interaction (82%). Otherwise, the interaction of dithizone-immobilized natural bentonite with Cu2+ metal ions in the sequence were dominated by the mechanism of complex formation of (75%). The result shows that the immobilization of dithizone changes the type of electrostatic interaction into complex formation.

Treatment of Membrane Concentrated “Young” Landfill Leachate by Coagulation Sedimentation

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yang An ◽  
Xiao Jun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operation ◽  
Domestic Refuse

A self-made coagulant was applied in the treatment of some membrane concentrated reject of the “young” landfill leachate. The optimum operation diameters were determined by orthogonal and single factor experiments. Under the optimum conditions, the values of COD and ammonia nitrogen of water sample after treatment were 88 mg/L and 10.8 mg/L, respectively, which reached the standard in Pollution Control Standard of Domestic Refuse Landfill GB 16889-2008. Therefore, coagulation method can be applied in the treatment of membrane concentrated “young” landfill leachate to achieve standard discharge.

Application of Oyster (Anadara Inflata) Shell Chitosan as Adsorbent for Heavy Metal Cu(II) Ion

2015 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
Saptono Hadi ◽  
Budi Hastuti ◽  
Nurina Tulus Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Percentage Removal ◽  
Adsorption Capability

Research on the application of chitosan derived from oyster (Anadara inflata) shell as adsorbent for heavy metal Cu (II) has been conducted. Optimum conditions for adsorption, including pH, reaction time, and mass of adsorbent were investigated. Adsorption capability of Cu (II) by chitosan under those optimum conditions was subsequently evaluated by determining their adsorption isotherms and interaction mechanism. The results showed that the optimum condition for adsorption were pH 8, contact time 60 min, and mass of adsorbent 300 mg. Under those optimum conditions, chitosan has a high percentage removal of Cu (II) from aqueous solution, up to 70%. The adsorption process was well described as Langmuir isotherm and it is assumed that the interaction between Cu (II) and chitosan was based on chemical mechanism.

Sorption of Methylene Blue and Acid Orange 7 onto Ananas comosus Peels and Leaves Based Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabilah A. Lutpi ◽  
N. Najihah Jamil ◽  
C.K. Kairulazam C.K. Abdullah ◽  
Yee Shian Wong ◽  
Soon An Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Acid Orange 7 ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Acid Orange ◽  
Percentage Removal

The adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) and Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye onto Ananas Comosus Mixed Peels and Leaves (ACMPL) were carried out by conducting four different parameters such as initial concentration, pH, dosage of adsorbent, and contact time. Effect of initial concentration for both dyes showed that higher initial concentration would take longer contact time to attain equilibrium due to higher amount of adsorbate molecules. The effect of pH showed highest percentage removal for MB is at pH 9 which is 95.81%. Meanwhile for AO7 the highest percentage removal is 31.06% at pH 3. The percentage removal of MB had reached the equilibrium at dosage 0.5g while AO7 keep increasing with the increment of adsorbent dosage. The percentage removal of MB and AO7 had increased until hour 2.5 which was from 72.5% to 86.93% and 19.441% to 36.89% respectively and reached equilibrium at 3 hour contact time.

Separation of Cobalt and Nickel from Wastewater by P204 Microemulsion Saponified

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Du Shu Huang ◽  
Jin Gang Yu ◽  
Zhong Zhou Yi ◽  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Ya Shun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phase ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Separation Coefficient ◽  
Microemulsion System ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

The separation process of cobalt and nickel using microemulsion system saponified with P204 as extracting agent was studied. The influence of initial concentration, the concentration of P204, initial pH, the extracting time and the concentration of cobalt and nickel on separation coefficient were also studied. Experimental results show that the saponification microemulsion system using P204 as extractant is thermodynamic stable, and it can separate cobalt and nickel better. The optimum conditions were achieved as: the initial concentration is 0.05 mol/L, pH is 2, the concentration of P204 is 8%, extraction time is 10 minutes, the volume ratio of organic phase to water phase is 2:1.

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