scholarly journals Effect of Moderate Intake of Ethanol on Lipid Profile of Wistar-Albino Rats Fed High Fat Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathiravan Vayanaperumal ◽  
Ravindran Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Ethanol Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Impact

Many evidences suggest that light to moderate alcohol drinking may provide some cardiovascular benefits. The present study examined the impact of how moderate ethanol consumption provides a protective effect against high blood cholesterol. Wistar-Albino rats were divided into a control group (I) and test groups (II, III, IV). The test groups (II, III, IV) were administered with a predefined dosage of 10%, 20% and 30% ethanol respectively following twenty days of high fat routine however, control animals were managed with normal saline for the next fifteen days. Significant difference in lipid profile parameters witnessed before and after ethanol administration between the control and test groups. Findings from the study suggests that 10% moderate ethanol is adequately least enough to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving the blood cholesterol in Wistar-Albino rats.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF RAPID EYE MOVEMENT SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARYTESTICULAR AXIS IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Dheepthi Jayamurali ◽  
Sathya Narayanan Govindarajulu
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Group I ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to study the impact of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (SD) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis in the Wistar albino rats.Methods: Adult male Wistar albino rats weighing about 200 g were segregated into Group I–IV of control, 48 h SD, 72 h SD, and 96 h SD, respectively, in a custom-made SD tank. After SD procedure, the sexual behavior of rats was assessed, after which blood was collected from the animals for the estimation of HPT and stress hormones and then the testicles were used for histological studies.Results: SD has increased (p<0.05) the mounting latency and intromission latency and decreased (p<0.05) the mounting frequency and intromission frequency compared with control group. A significant increase (p<0.05) in corticosterone, follicle stimulating hormone levels and a significant decrease (p<0.05) in gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels were observed in all the SD groups when compared with control group. SD-induced testis architecture displayed sperm retention, sperm reduction, and shape alteration when compared to the control group. Furthermore, apoptotic bodies were observed in the testis of 72 h and 96 h of sleep-deprived animals.Conclusion: Outcome of the project reveals that out of 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h of SD, 96 h of SD has a great impact on sexual behavior, HPT hormones, and testicular morphology.

scholarly journals The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Gilda M. Iova ◽  
Horia Calniceanu ◽  
Adelina Popa ◽  
Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽  
Olivia Marcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

Histological Study On Using Ileal Submucosa In Repairing Urinary Bladder Defect In Adult Albino Rat

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Gomaa El Saeed ◽  
Manal H Moussa ◽  
Gehad A Hammouda ◽  
Sahar M. M Omar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Graft Area

Abstract Background Repairing urinary bladder (UB) defect by enterocystoplasty remains the gold standard surgical bladder reconstruction procedure to increase the capacity and compliance of dysfunctional bladders. However, many complications were recorded. Aim of the work This work aimed to compare the consequences of reconstruction of urinary bladder defect using untreated small intestinal submucosal (SIS) matrix versus seeded and unseeded decellularized SIS matrix. Material and Methods Fifty female albino rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups: Group I (Control) included ten adult rats from which ileal tissue was obtained. Group II included ten adult rats in which their UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS. Group III included twenty adult rats that were subdivided into two subgroups, 10 rats each; Subgroup IIIA where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS and subgroup IIIb where rats had their UB defect repaired by acellular SIS seeded with adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs).Ten young rats were used for preparation of AMSCs. Morphometric and statistical analysis were also performed. Results In rats where UB defect was repaired by untreated cellular SIS, the graft area showed loss of epithelial polarity, presence of intraepithelial cysts and occasional extension of urothelium to the outer surface forming fistula. There were areas of metaplasia with the appearance PAS positive cells. In the lamina propria, there was areas of lymphocytic infiltration together with significant increase in the collagen fiber deposition (p &lt; 0.05). There was a significant decrease thickness of muscle layer as compared to control (p &lt; 0.05). In rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS, urothelium in the graft area showed occasional squamous metaplasia and often the urothelium extended to the deeper layers forming Brunn's nest. There was minimal muscle regeneration in the graft area. However, in rats where UB defect was repaired by acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs, the urothelium in the graft area was nearly similar to control group with uniform urothelium thickness, minimal collagen fibers deposition and thick muscle layer that showed no significant difference from the control (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion Acellular SIS seeded with AMSCs showed better results compared to non-seeded and cellular SIS in reconstructing urinary bladder defects.

Impact of supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with fresh Moringa oleifera leaves on semen characteristics in rabbit bucks under tropical climate in Trinidad

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Mohan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
The Impact

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the dietary supplement of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) on semen quality and characteristics in rabbits. Methods Eighteen (n=18) breeding bucks of New Zealand white, of similar age group, were used for the study. Three feeding regimes, (i) 100% commercial rabbit pellets (CRP)-Group I (ii) 90% CRP + 10% fresh MOL on a dry matter (DM) basis – Group II and (iii) 80% CRP + 20% fresh MOL on a DM basis – Group III, were adopted and the trial continued for 21 days. After adaptation to the diet, semen was collected from each buck and subjected to evaluation using a computer-assisted semen analyser. Results In Group III, the sperm count, normal sperm morphology, and sperm motility increased (52.0%) in comparison with the control (Group I; 50.1%). The inclusion of 20% Moringa oliefera in the diet (Group III) caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in semen concentration (Control =136.2 M/mL; Group III=297.2 M/mL). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in sperm motility and semen volume among the groups. Conclusion The results suggest that supplementing commercial rabbit pellets with 20% fresh Moringa oliefera leaves on a DM basis can improve the quality and characteristics of semen in breeding bucks.

scholarly journals Тhe Impact Of Positive Acceleration (+Gz) on Antioxidant Capacity and Histopathological Alterations in Different Organs and Tissues in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Jelena Ristic ◽  
Tamara Nikolic ◽  
Jovana Jeremic ◽  
Isidora Stojic ◽  
Snezana Janicijevic-Hudomal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Biochemical Systems ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Since the early 1940s, a significant amount of research has been conducted to describe the impact of the high-G acceleration on the cardiovascular system. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of the antioxidant enzyme system under biodynamic stress in the liver, heart and gastric mucosa in response to high-magnitude +Gz exposure in a rat model. Twenty adult male Wistar albino rats (10 rats per group; 9-11 weeks old, 200-250 g b.w.) were divided into the following two groups: control and G (exposed to a biodynamic stress model under positive (+7 Gz) acceleration for 40 s). The influence of acute biodynamic stress on pro-oxidative parameters in the rat liver (xanthine oxidase (XOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (Px), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total content of glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPx)) and on histopathological alterations in the liver, cardiac muscle and gastric mucosa was examined. Biodynamic stress resulting from positive (+7 Gz) acceleration resulted in a highly statistically signifi cant increase of CAT GSH-Px activity compared to the control group. The LPx levels were significantly decreased, but the GSH contents and the activities of other enzymes were not significantly changed. Significant microscopic changes in the liver, heart and gastric mucosa were observed in the G group. These results clearly indicate that +Gz acceleration alters biochemical systems. These alterations in cellular processes may be mediated by influences of hypoxia or ischaemia via changes in the antioxidant capacity.

Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine, caffeic acid and vitamin E on doxorubicin hepatotoxicity

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gokcimen ◽  
A. Cim ◽  
H.T. Tola ◽  
D. Bayram ◽  
A. Kocak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Injection Group ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to compare the possible protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), caffeic acid (CAPE) and vitamin E (Vit-E) on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity. Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats, weighing between 250 and 350 g were supplied and randomly divided into five groups. Animals in study groups were pretreated with a single dose of doxorubicin (Dox), which was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). Control group (Group I) was treated with intraperitoneal saline injection. Group II did not received any antioxidant agent after the injection. Group III and Group IV were given CAPE and intraperitoneal vitamin E injection for eight days, respectively. Group V received NAC for eight days. The study was finished after 10 days. Tissue samples were collected from all animals and histopathological examination was performed. There was statistically significant difference between the experiment groups and controls by means of mononuclear cell infiltration and diameters of hepatic sinusoid, terminal hepatic venule (central vein) and portal area (portal canal). Changes related with hepatocellular damage were more prominent, whereas there was no significant difference between Dox and NAC given groups histopathologically. It was observed that structural changes were regressed after CAPE administration. However, this recovery was more prominent in vitamin E given group. These findings suggest that Dox induced liver damage could be efficiently reversed by vitamin E administration. It has been found that CAPE, but not NAC has protective effects on Dox-induced hepatocellular damage. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26, 519—525

scholarly journals Screening of anticonvulsant effect of carvedilol on electrically induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Biacin Babu ◽  
Madhavrao Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effect ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Epilepsy is one of the major central nervous system disorders. The parent study aimed to screen the anticonvulsant effect of carvedilol on electrically induced convulsions in Wistar albino rats.Methods: This study was done in Wistar albino rats. A total of 30 rats were divided into 6 groups each of six rats. group-I (0.9% normal saline), group-II diphenylhydantoin (10 mg/kg/BW/ip), group-III carvedilol (1mg/kg/BW/PO), group-IV carvedilol (2 mg/kg/BW/PO) and group-V carvedilol (4 mg/kg/BW/PO). All the groups were administered drugs and subjected to electric shock. Scores of seizures and percentage of protection were recorded to compare between the groups. One was ANOVA (post hoc) followed by Dunnet t test applied to find the statistically significant between the groups.Results: Group-I showed significant difference compared to other groups. Group-II showed significant difference with group-III and IV not with V. High dose of test drug and standard drug showed similar results in percentage of seizures prevention. Control and low doses of test drugs showed significant difference compared to standard and high dose of test drug in seizures prevention.Conclusions: High of carvedilol showed significant seizures prevention compared to low doses and control group.

scholarly journals Effect of resveratrol on diabetic neuropathy in wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Smita Das ◽  
Jayanti Prava Behera ◽  
Y. Rojaramani ◽  
Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. Prolonged uncontrolled hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia are major risk factor for its complication like neuropathy. Since there is no definite treatment for diabetic neuropathy, this study aims to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on diabetic neuropathy in high fat diet with low dose streptozotocin induced type-2 DM model in wistar albino rats.Methods: First type 2 diabetic rat model was established. Wistar albino rats, fed with high-fat diet (HFD) rendered diabetic with streptozotocin, were divided into 6 groups, disease control (DC) treated with vehicle, standard control (SC) which received metformin, test groups treated with 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg b.w. of resveratrol and combination of half dose of metformin and resveratrol (10 mg/kg) (TC). A group of six normal animals served as normal control (NC), another six as HFD control. Fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile were measured one week after induction of diabetes. The animals were then treated orally for 2 weeks after which the same parameters were repeated. Behavioral biomarkers for neuropathy are measured in 4 weeks and 6 weeks of treatment. The in-vivo results were analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test for biochemical parameters and Kruskal Wallis test followed by Dun’s multiple comparison test for behavioral biomarkers.Results: Increase in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), deranged lipid profile, increased neuropathy in DC compared to NC, HFD control while a significant decrease in FBG, improved pain behavior with SC, test groups (p<0.05) as compared to the DC group.Conclusions: Resveratrol prevents diabetic neuropathy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anti-oxidant Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation, Lipid Profile and Liver Function in Albino Rats Orally Administered Tartrazine

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Uyota Anthony Adele ◽  
Geraldine Iroh ◽  
Ojoye Ngoye Briggs ◽  
Helen Anthony Waribo ◽  
Ibioku Elekima
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Aim: To evaluate the anti-oxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, lipid profile and liver function in albino rats orally administered tartrazine. Study Design: A total number of 63 female albino rats weighing approximately 0.2 kg were used for this study. The study was divided into two phases, phase 1 which lasted for the first 30 days, comprised of 35 rats, 20 rats were used as test group while 15 rats served as the control group. Phase 2 of the study was for 60 days and 28 rats were used with 16 as test group and 12 as the control. The test groups were orally administered with 7.5 mg/kg of tartrazine (ADI) daily over the specified periods while the control groups were not treated with tartrazine but given only food and water. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria within a period of 12 months (Feb., 2019 – Jan., 2020). Methodology: At the end of the study, 5 mls of whole blood specimens was collected by means of cardiac puncture into plain bottles. To obtain the serum, the whole blood samples were allowed to clot and later dislodged and spun at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes. The collected serum specimens were used to analyze SOD, MDA, GPX, ALT, GGT, ALP, TG, TCHOL, and HDL-C, while LDL-C was calculated using Friedwald equation. Results: The chronic treatment of rats with tartrazine azo food dye at the ADI dose caused an increase in MDA levels after 30 and 60 days test rats compared to the control, while TCHOL and HDL-C showed significant decrease after 30 and 60 days of treatment in the test group compared to the control group. In addition, ALT indicated significant increase in test group after 60 days of treatment compared to control group. ALP, GGT, TG, LDL-C, SOD and GPX showed no significant difference after 30, and 60 days of treatment at ADI doses. Histologic examination of the liver indicated hydropic dilation, degenerating hepatocyes and infiltration of central vein with parenchymal materials alongside kupffer cells. Conclusion: The results from this study revealed that orally administered tartrazine at the recommended ADI dose increased lipid peroxidation as seen in the elevated MDA levels. Hepatic derangements were also seen as revealed by increased ALT and histologic distortions as well fall in TCHOL and HDL-C lipid fractions.

scholarly journals Impact of Mouthwashes on Antibacterial Activity of Subjects with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1112-1116
Author(s):  
A Nishad ◽  
NS Sreesan ◽  
Joseph Joy ◽  
Lakshmi Lakshmanan ◽  
Joyce Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Group I ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Aim The study aimed to assess the impact of mouthwashes on antibacterial activity of individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and methods A total of 60 individuals were considered in the study. Sixty (20 each group) nonextraction class I individuals were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Group I: Experimental group [chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash], group II: Experimental group (neem mouthwash), group III: Control group (distilled water). All the clinical examinations were done at baseline and 30th day respectively, after the start of orthodontic treatment. The mean differences between the different experimental groups were calculated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results There was no statistical significance at baseline mean plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) scores, and Streptococcus mutans (SM) colony count between groups. The PI and GI scores among CHX and neem mouthwash groups (p = 0.002, p = 0.032 respectively) were significantly reduced after intervention and also the SM colonies count was reduced in CHX and neem mouthwash groups and there was significant difference between the groups. Conclusion As both mouthwashes showed significant effectiveness on antibacterial activity in individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances, neem mouthwash can be used as an alternative to CHX. Clinical significance It is better to have a sound knowledge regarding the use of mouthwash in long term as fixed orthodontics are associated with accumulation of SM, enamel demineralization, and an increased number of carious lesions, predominantly in sites adjacent to bracket. How to cite this article Nishad A, Sreesan NS, Joy J, Lakshmanan L, Thomas J, Anjali VA. Impact of Mouthwashes on Antibacterial Activity of Subjects with Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1112-1116.

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