scholarly journals How Perceived Individual Safety Attitude Helps to Explain The Relationship Between Sensation Seeking and Risk-Taking Propensity in The Prediction of Individual Work Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Woromita Fathlistya ◽  
Martina Dwi Mustika
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Work ◽  
Safety Attitude ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding the attitudes of individuals toward safety is important for hospital prevention programs and could reduce safety-related accidents. This study investigates the effects of perceived individual safety attitude in explaining the relationship between sensation seeking and risk-taking propensity for rewards in predicting individual performance. An on-line cross-sectional study was undertaken in which 177 nurses who completed an objective task (BART) and self-report questionnaires. Path analysis results revealed that perceived individual safety attitude influenced the relationship between both sensation seeking and risk-taking propensity in predicting individual performance. Nurses with both sensation seeking and risk-taking propensity for rewards have negative perceptions toward individual safety attitude, which resulted in poor individual work performances. It is indicated that encourage performance by rewards is not always effective.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Health Behaviours among University Students: The Predictive and Moderating Role of Gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdas Malinauskas ◽  
Audrone Dumciene ◽  
Saule Sipaviciene ◽  
Vilija Malinauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
University Students ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the role of gender as a potential predictor of health behaviour and potential moderator of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health behaviour. This cross-sectional study included 1214 students (597 males and 617 females). Data were collected using the Schutte Self-Report Inventory and the Health Behaviour Checklist. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was executed with the components of health behaviour as the dependent variables to examine the predictive value of the emotional intelligence indicators as the independent variables. Gender predicted all categories of health behaviours. Only one indicator of emotional intelligence, appraisal, predicted the Accident Control and Traffic Risk Taking categories. The emotional intelligence indicator of social skills emerged only as a predictor of Wellness Maintenance and Enhancement in university students. Gender moderates the relationship between all emotional intelligence indicators and health behaviour components except the relationship between Appraisal and Substance Risk Taking and the relationship between Utilization and traffic risk taking.

The relationship between burnout and suicidal ideations among Jamaican police officers

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice A. Wray ◽  
Sharlene Beckford Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Crime ◽  
The Relationship

Jamaican police officers often encounter organizational and societal stressors through their work in high-crime and low-resource settings. Repeated exposure to stressors, with limited opportunities for support, can compromise emotional well-being and increase the risk of experiencing burnout and suicidal ideation. This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment) and suicidal ideations among Jamaican police officers surveyed in 2017. Jamaican police officers ( N = 305) from five major urban divisions completed two self-report questionnaires. The results revealed significant relationships between emotional exhaustion and suicidal ideations ( r = .17, p < .01) and depersonalization and suicidal ideations ( r = .18, p < .01). However, there was no significant relationship between personal accomplishment and suicidal ideations ( p > .01). Implementing programmes that offer access to adaptive coping or stress management skills and social support systems may reduce burnout and decrease risk for suicidal ideation.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study exploring the relationship between burnout, absenteeism, and job performance among American nurses

BMC Nursing ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte N. Dyrbye ◽  
Tait D. Shanafelt ◽  
Pamela O. Johnson ◽  
Le Ann Johnson ◽  
Daniel Satele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
High Performer ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Studies suggest a high prevalence of burnout among nurses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between burnout among nurses and absenteeism and work performance. Methods A national sample of U.S. nurses was sent an anonymous, cross-sectional survey in 2016. The survey included items about demographics, fatigue, and validated instruments to measure burnout, absenteeism, and poor work performance in the last month. Results Of the 3098 nurses who received the survey, 812 (26.2%) responded. The mean age was 52.3 years (SD 12.5), nearly all were women (94.5%) and most were married (61.9%) and had a child (75.2%). Participating nurses had a mean of 25.7 (SD 13.9) years of experience working as nurse and most held a baccalaureate (38.2%) or masters of science (37.1%) degree in nursing. A quarter worked in the inpatient setting (25.5%) and the average hours worked per week was 41.3 (SD 14.1). Overall, 35.3% had symptoms of burnout, 30.7% had symptoms of depression, 8.3% had been absent 1 or more days in the last month due to personal health, and 43.8% had poor work performance in the last month. Nurses who had burnout were more likely to have been absent 1 or more days in the last month (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.25–2.72) and have poor work performance (referent: high performer; medium performer, OR 2.68,95% CI 1.82–3.99; poor performer, OR 5.01, 95% CI 3.09–8.14). After adjusting for age, sex, relationship and parental status, highest academic degree, practice setting, burnout, depression, and satisfaction with work-life integration, nurses who were more fatigued (for each point worsening, OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10–1.37) were more likely to have had absenteeism while those who worked more hours (for each additional hour OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–1.00) were less likely to have had absenteeism. Factors independently associated with poor work performance included burnout (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.43–3.24) and fatigue (for each point of worsening, OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.12–1.33). Conclusions These findings suggest burnout is prevalent among nurses and likely impacts work performance.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Severity of Hearing Loss and Subjective Tinnitus Loudness among Patients Seen in a Specialist Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Clinic in UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashir Aazh ◽  
Richard Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractHearing loss is often associated with the phantom sound of tinnitus. However, the degree of the association between severity of hearing loss and tinnitus loudness taking into account the impact of other variables (e.g., emotional disturbances) is not fully understood. This is an important question for audiologists who are specialized in tinnitus rehabilitation as patients often ask whether the loudness of their tinnitus will increase if their hearing gets worse.To explore the relationship between tinnitus loudness and pure tone hearing thresholds.This was a retrospective cross-sectional study.445 consecutive patients who attended a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Specialist Clinic in UK were included.The results of audiological tests and self-report questionnaires were gathered retrospectively from the records of the patients. Multiple-regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between tinnitus loudness, hearing loss and other variables.The regression model showed a significant relationship between the pure tone average (PTA) at the frequencies 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz of the better ear and the tinnitus loudness as measured via visual analogue scale (VAS), r (regression coefficient) = 0.022 (p < 0.001). Other variables significantly associated with tinnitus loudness were tinnitus annoyance (r = 0.49, p < 0.001) and the effect of tinnitus on life (r = 0.09, p = 0.006). The regression model explained 52% of the variance of tinnitus loudness.Although increased tinnitus loudness was associated with worse PTA, the relationship was very weak. Tinnitus annoyance and impact of tinnitus on life were more strongly correlated with tinnitus loudness than PTA.

scholarly journals Media Exposure Related to the PTSS During COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Risk Perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqing Wang ◽  
Ling Jiang ◽  
Shuang Ma ◽  
Qinian Chen ◽  
Chengbin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to assess the relationship between media exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and to highlight the underlying mechanisms mediated by risk perception.Methods: This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. A total of 2,858 Chinese citizens aged ≥18 years from 31 provinces and autonomous regions were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess media exposure, PTSS, and risk perception.Results: The prevalence of respondents with heightened PTSS scores was 22.2%. After controlling for covariates, media exposure (more than five times a day) was significantly and positively associated with a high level of PTSS (B = 4.11, p &lt; 0.001), and risk perception (worry and severity) significantly mediated the relationship between media exposure and PTSS (all 95% CIs did not include 0).Conclusions: Based on these findings, the frequency of media exposure was associated with PTSS. Risk perception (worry and severity) mediated the relationship between media exposure and PTSS. The mental health, particularly PTSS, of the general population should be closely monitored and “infodemics” should be combatted while addressing the COVID-19 outbreak; cognitive interventions may be promising.

scholarly journals O papel da inflexibilidade psicológica na relação entre o stress relacionado com a infertilidade e os sintomas depressivos em mulheres com um diagnóstico de infertilidade

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Aim: Introduction: Infertility is a medical and social condition that impacts people’s lives at the marital, family, social and financial levels. Several studies point to comorbidity between psychopathology and infertility, and people facing the demands of infertility may use maladaptive mechanisms of emotion regulation translated into psychological inflexibility. Objectives: This current study aimed to explore the mediating role of infertility-related psychological inflexibility in the relationship between infertility-related stress and depressive symptoms in women presenting an infertility diagnosis and pursuing infertility medical treatment. In addition, as a secondary aim, the associations between the time since diagnosis and the study variables were examined. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 96 women recruited with the support of the Portuguese Fertility Association. Participants filled in online a set of self-report instruments. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and standardized measures of infertility-related stress, depressive symptoms, and infertility-related psychological inflexibility were used. Results: The results demonstrated that the effect of infertility-related stress on depressive symptoms was .46, being totally mediated by infertility-related psychological inflexibility. Discussion: Difficulty in achieving a pregnancy is a painful life event that interferes with the goals and plans for building a family, which can lead to stress and depressive symptoms. The relationship between these symptoms seems to be influenced by the mechanism of infertility-related psychological inflexibility. Therefore, interventions such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and the Mindfulness-Based Program for Infertility may be particularly suitable for this population by integrating psychological inflexibility as a therapeutic target.

Vigorexia: from exercise addiction to a nosological independent entity / Vigorexia: de la adicción al ejercicio a entidad nosológica independiente

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Miguel Rodríguez Molina ◽  
María Frenzi Rabito Alcón
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Body Image Disorder ◽  
Independent Entity ◽  
The Relationship

En los últimos años se ha llegado a un culto excesivo a la belleza corporal y a una auténtica obsesión por la salud (hasta el extremo de producir enfermedad), como símbolo de perfección. Los objetivos de este estudio son: hacer una revisión del constructo de Vigorexia, establecer un diagnóstico diferencial con la Adicción al ejercicio y otros trastornos, así como establecer la relación que mantienen con la Distorsión de la Imagen Corporal y la posible comorbilidad de dicho trastorno con otros Trastornos de Personalidad. Igualmente se pone a prueba un modelo teórico de Vigorexia a través de un análisis de regresión jerárquica múltiple. Para ello se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se estudian a 85 sujetos usuarios de los gimnasios, con un rango de edad de entre los 15 y 54 años. Estos sujetos fueron evaluados con una entrevista semiestructurada de datos sociodemográficos y los siguientes cuestionarios: TBV, TOC, ACQ y MCMI II. Se puso a prueba del modelo teórico propuesto a través de un análisis de regresión jerárquica múltiple, dónde la variable dependiente se midió de dos formas distintas. Como resultados la Vigorexia parece ser una entidad nosológica independiente. Se verifica en el modelo teórico propuesto y parece haber comorbilidad entre ciertos rasgos psicopatológicos de personalidad (hipomanía, narcisismo y compulsividad) y la Vigorexia, no siendo significativa la comorbilidad con tendencias obsesivas. AbsctractIn the last few years an excessive concern for the corporal beauty and an authentic obsession for the health have risen to the point of a cult as a symbol of perfection (even to the point of managing to fall ill). The aim of this study is to review of Bigorexia's construct, to establish a differential diagnosis with Exercise Dependecy and others disorders, as well as the relationship that supports Body Image Disorder and the possible comorbidity of the above mentioned disorder with other Personality Disorders. We tested the theoretical model proposed across an analysis of hierarchical multiple .A cross-sectional study based on self-report was used to screen people who go usually to the gym and have high-risk to develop Bigorexia. The sample size was of 85 people from Spain between the ages of 15 and 54 years. The instruments included: TBV, TOC, ACQ and MCMI- II. Later we tested the theoretical model proposed across an analysis of hierarchical multiple regression, where the dependent variable measured up to two different forms. Bigorexia seems to be an independent entity. It is approved in the theoretical proposed model and seems to have comorbidity between certain psychopathologycal characteristics of personality (hypomania, narcissism and compulsivity) and the Bigorexia. The comorbidity is not being significant with obsessive trends.

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