scholarly journals Differential possibilities of classical histological research methods for establishing the genesis of hemorrhages in the human brain substance

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Marta Garazdiuk
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Previous Group

Verification of the cause of death (CD) from ischemic cerebral infarction (ICI), hemorrhage of traumatic (GTG) and non-traumatic (GNG) genesis eliminates the violent origin of death. Very often it is difficult to diagnose the genesis of hemorrhage only macroscopically when performing an autopsy, so additional material should be selected for forensic histological examination. Aim of the work. To develop forensic criteria for the differentiation of ICI, GTG and GNG of the brain by light microscopy of histological sections of the human brain (HB). Material and methods. For the study were used native sections and stained histological specimens of HB from 110 corpses in the case of: death from ICI – 30 histological specimens (1 group), which were made of 30 speciments stained by the methods of Nissl and Spiel-Mayer; GNG – 30 histological samples (group 2) – 30 speciments, stained similarly to the previous group; GNG – 30 histological samples (group 3) – 30 speciments stained similarly to the previous group. Brain preparations in case of death from coronary heart disease were selected for control – 20 samples (4 groups) – 20 speciments stained by the methods of Nissl and Spiel-Mayer. Results. Analysis of the obtained data of histological examination of morphological changes of tissue elements of the human brain with different genesis of hemorrhage did not reveal stable relationships between changes in the structure of nervous tissue and the cause of hemorrhage. Conclusion. Given the nonspecificity of degenerative changes in the structural elements of the brain, depending on the genesis of hemorrhage, it can be concluded that morphological methods of histological preparations of the brain do not provide accurate and objective information about the genesis of hemorrhage.

scholarly journals METHODS TO DETERMINE COMPLEX DEGREES OF MUTUAL ANISOTROPY FOR THE DIFFERENTIATION OF HEMORRHAGES IN THE HUMAN BRAIN SUBSTANCE RESULTING FROM TRAUMATIC AND NON-TRAUMATIC GENESIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Marta Garazdiuk ◽  
Viktor Bachynskіy ◽  
Olena Nechytailo ◽  
Oleksandr Garazdiuk ◽  
Svitlana Malanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Brain Substance ◽  
Module Size ◽  
Traumatic Origin ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Correlation Microscopy ◽  
The Brain

An issue that is often debated in forensic traumatology is the differential diagnosis of hemorrhages into the human brain substance (HBS) of traumatic and non-traumatic genesis. Objectives. This study aims to identify new criteria for objective forensic differentiation of hemorrhages of traumatic origin, cerebral infarction of ischemic and hemorrhagic genesis by using the method of complex degree of mutual anisotropy. For this study native sections of HBS from 125 corpses were used in the case of: death from coronary heart disease - 35 (28%) of native sections (Group 1 - control); hemorrhages of traumatic genesis - 30 (24%) sections (Group 2); ischemic cerebral infarction - 30 (24%) native sections(Group 3); and hemorrhages of non-traumatic genesis - 30 (24%) native sections (Group 4). Results. The statistical moments of the third and fourth orders, which characterize the asymmetry and excess of the complex degree of mutual anisotropy module size distributions, the strength of the method of polarization-correlation microscopy in the differentiation of the samples of the histological sections of the brain of control and experimental groups reached a good level — 87%-90%. Conclusion. The method of complex degree of mutual anisotropy allows differentiating with great precision the genesis of hemorrhage into the substance of the brain.

Morphological Changes in the Rat Granulosa Cell Surface During Differentiation Induced by Estradiol and Gonadotropins

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
P. Bagavandoss ◽  
JoAnne S. Richards ◽  
A. Rees Midgley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

During follicular development in the mammalian ovary, several functional changes occur in the granulosa cells in response to steroid hormones and gonadotropins (1,2). In particular, marked changes in the content of membrane-associated receptors for the gonadotropins have been observed (1).We report here scanning electron microscope observations of morphological changes that occur on the granulosa cell surface in response to the administration of estradiol, human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).Immature female rats that were hypophysectcmized on day 24 of age were treated in the following manner. Group 1: control groups were injected once a day with 0.1 ml phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 3 days; group 2: estradiol (1.5 mg/0.2 ml propylene glycol) once a day for 3 days; group 3: estradiol for 3 days followed by 2 days of hFSH (1 μg/0.1 ml) twice daily, group 4: same as in group 3; group 5: same as in group 3 with a final injection of hCG (5 IU/0.1 ml) on the fifth day.

scholarly journals Brain Interstitial Adenosine and Sagittal Sinus Blood Flow during Systemic Hypotension in Piglet

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Park ◽  
David G. L. Van Wylen ◽  
Rafael Rubio ◽  
Robert M. Berne
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Cerebrovascular Resistance ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Brain Dialysis ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Dialysis Technique

We sampled, using the brain dialysis technique, interstitial fluid adenosine from the frontal cortex of newborn piglets subjected to hemorrhagic hypotension while measuring sagittal sinus blood flow, cerebrovascular resistance (CVR), and cerebral O2 delivery. In group 1 (n = 8), MABP was reduced in successive steps from 76 to 30 mm Hg with decrements of ∼ 10 mm Hg. At 60 mm Hg, CVR decreased by 19% (p < 0.001), but sagittal sinus blood flow and interstitial fluid adenosine remained unchanged. At 50 mm Hg, both sagittal sinus blood flow and CVR decreased by 19% (p < 0.001) and interstitial fluid adenosine rose 4.7-fold (p < 0.05). At 40 and 30 mm Hg, sagittal sinus blood flow decreased further but CVR remained steady, whereas interstitial fluid adenosine rose 10- and 16-fold, respectively. In group 2 (n = 7), an abrupt reduction of MABP from 80 to 47 mm Hg produced no change in sagittal sinus blood flow and a 29% decrease in CVR (p < 0.01). Interstitial fluid adenosine increased twofold (p < 0.01). In group 3 (n = 7), an abrupt reduction of MABP from 79 to 40 mm Hg decreased sagittal sinus blood flow and CVR by 24 and 30%, respectively (p < 0.01). Interstitial fluid adenosine rose threefold (p < 0.01). In groups 1, 2, and 3, the increases in interstitial fluid adenosine accompanied decreases in cerebral O2 delivery. In group 4 (n = 7), artificial CSF with a Po2 of 152 mm Hg was perfused through the brain dialysis cannula during graded hypotension. In this group, interstitial fluid adenosine rose only at an MABP of 20 mm Hg. These data support the concept that adenosine participates in the regulation of CBF during hypotension in piglets.

scholarly journals The Level of Reactive Carbonyl Derivatives of Proteins, Malondialdehyde, and Catalase Activity in the Brain of Rats after Therapy Following Chronic Unpredictable Moderate Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 691-698
Author(s):  
Yelena Valerievna Yepifantseva ◽  
Mayra Galimzhanovna Abdrakhmanova ◽  
Yelena Vladimirovna Pozdnyakova ◽  
Polina Sergeyevna Semenikhina ◽  
Ruslan Andreevich Belyayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Protein Carbonylation ◽  
Carbonyl Derivatives ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND: Understanding the mechanisms of the behavioral disorders’ emergence under the influence of chronic stress is the most important aspect of the subsequent development of a strategy for its therapy and prevention. Changes in the oxidative metabolism processes can be decisive in the development of the pathogenetic cascade in the brain. Information about these processes can be obtained by studying protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, and catalase activity (CA). The complexity of the therapeutic impact in various behavioral disorders implies the search for new pharmacological substances and the study of the previously known drugs’ effects based on the available scientific data. AIM: The aim of the study was to study the reactive carbonyl derivatives of proteins (RCDP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and CA in the brain of rats after therapy following chronic unpredictable moderate stress (CUMS). METHODS: Forty male outbred rats weighing 450–500 g were used in this study. For 21 days, all animals were exposed to the diverse stress factors for developing the CUMS. The animals were divided into four groups of 10 rats, each using randomized selection. The rats of one group were euthanized by decapitation with subsequent brain harvesting (Group 4). Remaining three groups of rats were treated with placebo (Group 1), harmine hydrochloride (Group 2), and amitriptyline (Group 3) for 21 days. Upon completion of therapy, all rats were also euthanized by decapitation with subsequent brain harvesting. The levels of RCDP, MDA, and CA were studied in their brain, and after that, we compared the multiple studied indicators in four groups. RESULTS: The results of the rat brain examinations in four groups showed that RCDP level in Group 2 was significantly lower than in Group 4 (p = 0.000). Similarly, in Group 1, it was lower than in Group 4 (p = 0.021), plus, it did not differ statistically from the harmine hydrochloride group (p = 1,000). Indicators of Groups 3 and 4 did not have any significant differences in RCDP level, too, (p = 0.799); however, the RCDP level in Group 2 was significantly lower than in Group 3 (p = 0.040). MDA indicators did not show significant differences; however, a tendency for lower values was revealed in Group 1 (p = 0.233) and Group 2 (p = 0.151). CA in Group 4 was lower than that in Group 1 (p = 0.000), Group 2 (p = 0.001), and Group 3 (p = 0.003) contemporaneously, while all treatment groups were comparable (p = 1.000). CONCLUSION: The result of exposure to chronic stress can be reproduced with the best quality in the CUMS model. The neurobiological foundations of the model make it possible to assess biochemical markers of oxidative metabolism and evaluate the possibilities of pharmacological correction of stress-induced behavioral disorders. To assess the mechanisms of autoregulation of oxidative metabolism, this study included a placebo group (Group 1), the level of RCDP in which was significantly higher in comparison with Group 3 and Group 4 and slightly lower than in Group 2. In this study, harmine hydrochloride demonstrated activity exceeding amitriptyline, particularly limiting the process of protein carbonylation, not noted for amitriptyline. According to the results of the RCDP assessment in the CUMS model, the process of protein carbonylation can be considered to be one of the significant factors in the deactivation of neurotransmitters. The CA levels determined in all groups allowed us to consider this marker as the most sensitive to the effects of stress, which possibly has an inhibitory effect on catalase, as its activity in all groups after therapy was more than two-fold higher than in animals right after CUMS. We can assume that CA plays an important role in starting the processes of autoregulation of oxidative metabolism. The study was carried out as a part of the implementation of the scientific and technical program No. BR05236584 “Development of new herbal preparations and their pharmacological and clinical studies” (O.0820). (2018–2020) in the priority area, “Life and Health Sciences.”

scholarly journals Pathomorphology of adaptive changes in the remaining kidney in the early postoperative period after nephrectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Igor Sergeevich Shormanov ◽  
Marina S. Los ◽  
Maxim V. Kosenko ◽  
Natalia S. Shormanova
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Left Group ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Single Kidney ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To study the adaptive capacity of a single remaining kidney in the early postoperative period of nephrectomy in an experiment. Materials and methods. The experiment involved 35 laboratory white rats, which were divided into three experimental groups. Group 1 (n = 5) intact animals, group 2 (n = 15) animals underwent nephrectomy on the left; group 3 (n = 15) animals underwent nephrectomy and additionally were created 90 minute hypoxic hypoxia. Histological material was collected on the 5th, 21st and 60th days after surgery. Results. Characteristic morphological changes in the only remaining kidney were an increase in the size of the glomeruli and a decrease in their number. Nephron fibrosis was detected, accompanied by increased production of antigens by the tubular epithelium, which is likely a response to a cascade increase in oxidative stress and increased release of cytokines that stimulate the production of intrarenal collagen. Conclusion. Nephrectomy and hypoxia are provocateurs for the development of systemic distress syndrome, the result of which is the formation of a vicious pathogenetic circle, which reduces the functionality of the renal tissue. This can be considered as one of the early preclinical mechanisms for the initiation of single kidney disease in the future.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MAKANAN RENDAH LEMAK TERHADAP MORFOLOGI SEL DAN EKSPRESI RESEPTOR-1 NEUROTENSIN (NTSR-1) PADA MUKOSA USUS TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN

2017 ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Gatot Suparmanto ◽  
Wahyu Dwi Agussafutri
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Neurotensin Receptor ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Neurotensin Receptor 1 ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRAK Neurotensin merupakan protein yang memiliki fungsi ganda dan bekerja di otak dan usus sehingga sering disebut sebagai neuropeptida yang berperan sebagai neurtrasmitter saat di otak di otak dan disebut hormon saat berada di gastrointestinal dan bertujuan mengatur gerakan lambung,duodenum dan usus, serta sekresi asam lambung, penyerapan klorida dan air di usus besar, keberadaan neurotensin paling banyak terdapat di jejunoileum yaitu 85% dan neurotensin reseptor-1(NTSR-1) adalah reseptor terbanyak di jejunoileum. Makanan rendah lemak adalah makanan yang memiliki kadar lemak di bawah 25% dan memiliki pengaruh terhadap motilitas usus dan juga otak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian makanan rendah lemak terhadap morfologi sel dan ekspresi reseptor-1 neurotensin (NTSR-1) di mukosa usus. Tikus wistar jantan berusia 3 bulan berjumlah 20 ekor di bagi kedalam 2 kelompok, Kelompok 1 diberikan makanan rendah lemak AIN 93 M kelompok 2 diberikan pakan tinggi lemak AIN-93G, perlakuan dilakukan selama 30 hari, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan Imunnohistokimia (IHC) dan pembacaannya menggunakan software IHC reader yang menghitung berdasarkan penyerapan warna pada slide,dan dilakukan pemeriksaan Hemotoxilin Eosin untuk mengetahui morfologi sel di usus Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil rerata yaitu: kelompok 1 dengan pakan standar yaitu AIN 93M menunjukkan hasil rerata 51,08± 18,13 dengan rentang nilai 6,03-96,14. kelompok 2 dengan pakan AIN 93G didapatkan hasil 107,74± 18,67 dengan rentang nilai 61,34-154,13. Hasil pengamatan IHC pada pewarnaan HE menunjukkan tidak ada perubahan morfologi pada sel usus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan pemberian makanan tinggi lemak (AIN 93 G) dapat memicu sekresi neurotensin lebih tinggi. Makanan rendah lemak (AIN 93 M) tidak memicu sekresi neurotensin dan tidak merubah morfologi sel usus.   Kata kunci: neurotensin, , jejunoileum, imunohistokimia     .ABSTRACT Neurotensin is a protein that has a dual function and work in the brain and the gut so often referred to as neuropeptides that act as neurtrasmitter current in the brain in the brain and is called hormone while in the gastrointestinal and respiratory stomach, duodenum and colon, as well as acid secretion Stomach, chloride and air absorption in the colon, found most neurotensin in jejunoileum ie 85% and neurotensin receptor-1 (NTSR-1) receptors in jejunoileum. Low-fat foods are foods that have a fat content below 25% and have an effect on the motility of the intestine and also the brain.This study aimed to determine the effect of food on the fat and cell morphology and expression of neurotensin receptor-1 (NTSR-1) in the intestinal mucosa. Rats Wistar male aged 3 months to 20 fish inside into two groups, Group 1 was given a low fat diet AIN 93 M group 2 is given high feed fat AIN-93g, this treatment is carried out for 30 days, then examined Imunnohistokimia (IHC) and the reading using IHC reader software that calculates based on the color absorption on the slide, and Hemotoxilin Eosin examination to determine the morphology of cells in the intestin. This study showed that the average results: group 1 with a standard feed that is AIN 93m shows the results mean 51.08 ± 18.13 with a range of values from 6.03 to 96.14. Group 2 with AIN 93G feed result of 107,74 ± 18,67 with value range 61,34-154,13. And the result of IHC observation on HE staining shows no morphological changes in intestinal cells. The results of this study showed that using a high-fat diet (AIN 93 G) could pass the secretion of higher neurotensin. Low-fat foods (AIN 93 M) do not escape neurotensin secretion and can not alter the morphology of intestinal cells.   Keywords: neurotensin ,, jejunoileum, immunohistochemistry

scholarly journals PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN RENAL PARENCHYMA, AFTER MODELING OF ACUTE PYELONEPHRITIS IN MICE, DEPENDING ON THE ABILITY OF BACTERIA TO FORM BIOFILMS.

2017 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
I. O. Mitiuriaeva-Kornijko ◽  
A. A. Vodianyk ◽  
V. V. Lihodievskyy ◽  
V. A. Ponyatovskiy ◽  
A. V. Gniloskurenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Ability Group ◽  
Secondary Alteration ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infectious diseases that affects people of any age and sex. The purpose of our study was to determine morphological changes in acute pyelonephritis, depending on the ability of bacteria strains to form biofilms. Materials and methods. The model of acute pyelonephritis was reproduced by ascending urinary infection model of laboratory mice with clinical isolates of E.coli with low biofilm formation ability (group # 1) and high biofilm formation ability (group # 2), the material was taken on day 7 of the experiment, histological sections were analyzed in comparison with control (group # 3). Results. In group # 1, leukocyte infiltration of the medulla of the kidney with the presence of edema of the stroma was observed. In group # 2, hyperinfiltration of all parts of the kidney was observed, together with the presence of extravasates and severe edema of the stroma. Discussion. Changes revealed by histological examination may indicate that biofilm formation leads to an ineffective immuneresponse, which in turn leads to increased secondary alteration. Conclusions. Biofilm formation is an important factor in the pathogenicity of microorganisms, which affects the course of acute pyelonephritis.

scholarly journals Effect of Metformin on Development of Tendinopathy Due to Mechanical Overloading in an Animal Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1455-1465
Author(s):  
Jianying Zhang ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Daibang Nie ◽  
Kentaro Onishi ◽  
MaCalus V. Hogan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Background: Tendinopathy is a debilitating tendon disorder that affects millions of Americans and costs billions of health care dollars every year. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a known tissue damage signaling molecule, has been identified as a mediator in the development of tendinopathy due to mechanical overloading of tendons in mice. Metformin (Met), a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, specifically inhibits HMGB1. This study tested the hypothesis that Met would prevent mechanical overloading-induced tendinopathy in a mouse model of tendinopathy created by intensive treadmill running (ITR). Methods: C57BL/6J mice (female, 3 months old) were equally separated into 4 groups and treated for 24 weeks as follows: group 1 had cage control activities, group 2 received a single intraperitoneal injection of Met (50 mg/kg body weight) daily, group 3 underwent ITR to induce tendinopathy, and group 4 received daily Met injection along with ITR to inhibit HMGB1. Tendinopathic changes were assessed in Achilles tendons of all mice using histology, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: ITR induced HMGB1 release into the tendon matrix and developed characteristics of tendinopathy as evidenced by the expression of macrophage marker CD68, proinflammatory molecules (COX-2, PGE2), cell morphological changes from normal elongated cells to round cells, high levels of expression of chondrogenic markers (SOX-9, collagen type II), and accumulation of proteoglycans in tendinopathic tendons. Daily injection of Met inhibited HMGB1 release and decreased these degenerative changes in ITR tendons. Conclusions: Inhibition of HMGB1 by injections of Met prevented tendinopathy development due to mechanical overloading in the Achilles tendon in mice. Clinical Relevance: Met may be able to be repurposed as a therapeutic option for preventing the development of tendinopathy in high-risk patients.

Effect of Duration of Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis Therapy on the Development of Peritonitis

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Troidle ◽  
Nancy Gorban–Brennan ◽  
Alan S. Kliger ◽  
Fredric O. Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Group 1

Objective Long-term chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) therapy has been associated with alterations in peritoneal membrane structure and peritoneal macrophage function. We thus reviewed our experience with the development of peritonitis among patients maintained on CPD therapy for various time periods to determine if the spectrum of organisms, rates of peritonitis, and outcome changed with the duration of CPD therapy. Setting and Patients Patients maintained on CPD therapy in our out-patient unit in New Haven, Connecticut. Design Retrospective review of the charts of patients maintained on CPD therapy (HomeChoice Cycler or Ultrabag, Baxter, McGaw Park, IL, U.S.A.) between 1 January 1997 and 31 March 1998. These patients were divided into three groups: group 1, patients maintained on CPD therapy < 12 months; group 2, patients maintained on CPD therapy for 13 - 36 months; and group 3, patients maintained on CPD therapy for ≥ 37 months. Results The study included 256 patients: 101 patients in group 1, 110 patients in group 2, and 45 patients in group 3. All groups of patients were similar in age. There were significantly fewer Caucasians and fewer males in group 3 in comparison to groups 1 and 2. The incidence of diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease was significantly lower among patients in group 3 in comparison to groups 1 and 2. There were 155 episodes of peritonitis during the study period for an overall rate of 1 episode in 18.7 patient-months. The overall, gram-positive, and gram-negative rates of peritonitis were not significantly different among the patients in groups 1, 2, and 3. There were more episodes of Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis among patients in group 3 in comparison to group 2 (1 episode in 59.6 vs 1 episode in 280.2 patient-months, respectively). Two weeks after the development of peritonitis, 94.6% of the patients in group 3 continued CPD therapy, while 79.4% of the patients in group 1 continued CPD therapy ( p < 0.05). No patient in group 3 transferred to hemodialysis, while 10.3% and 8.2% of the patients in groups 1 and 2 transferred to hemodialysis ( p < 0.05). The death rate 2 weeks after the onset of peritonitis was 10.3%, 9.8%, and 5.4% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively ( p = NS). Conclusions Despite the immunological and morphological changes that occur in the peritoneal cavity with increased time on CPD therapy, there was no difference in the overall, gram-positive, or gram-negative rates of peritonitis for patients maintained on CPD therapy for various time periods. Patients in group 3 continued CPD therapy more often than did patients in group 1. Patients in group 3 transferred to hemodialysis less often than did the remaining patients in the study period. The incidence of death was not significantly different for the three groups of patients.

scholarly journals Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation with Radial Firing Tips onCandida albicansin Experimentally Infected Root Canals

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leman Ozkan ◽  
Serap Cetiner ◽  
Tamer Sanlidag
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Irradiation Effect ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Infected Root ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Aim. To compare the disinfection effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser using radial firing tips with NaOCI in root canals infected withC. albicansand to evaluate the irradiation effect on the dentinal surfaces.Material and Methods. In total seventy-six mandibular premolar teeth were used. In order to standardize the incubation and sterilization procedure, eight teeth were used. Sixty-eight of the root canals were incubated withC. albicanssuspension for 72 hours. The specimens were divided into 5 experimental groups. Two groups were constituted as Group 1 was irradiated with 1.5 W laser (n=8) and group 2, which was irradiated with 2 W laser (n=8). Two more groups were formed as Group 3 (2 W laser (n=25) and Group 4 NaOCI (5%) (n=25). Group 5 (n=2) did not receive any treatment. Mann-WhitneyUand Kruskal-WallisHtests were used to compare the different laser output powers. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used in order to compare theCandidacfu/ml levels according to treatment protocols (P<0.05).Results. Both 1.5 W and 2 W laser resulted in a major reduction ofC. albicanswithout a significant difference. The comparison of the dentin surfaces irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser at two power settings resulted in similar morphological changes. However, NaOCI was found to be more effective in reduction ofC. albicansthan 2 W laser application.Conclusion. According to the results of the present study, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser with radial firing tips presented less antifungal effects onC. albicansin root canals of infected teeth than NaOCl solution.

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