scholarly journals Providing factual support for efficient techniques of breeding tropical freshwater species

Author(s):  
Lina Yurievna Lagutkina ◽  
Evgeniia Germanovna Kuzmina ◽  
Aliya Baimuratovna Akhmedzhanova ◽  
Anna Aleksandrovna Taranina ◽  
Victor Sergeevich Yasinskii ◽  
...  

The article describes the possibility to grow tropical freshwater crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (Von Martens, 1868) and shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) in the climatic conditions of the Astrakhan region during 3-5 months, with further wintering in the ponds of fish farms. To achieve the maximum effect of the semi-intensive and intensive cultivation conditions it is necessary to apply additional feeding, observe the norms of seeding density and the diets of crustaceans. In two series of experimental works conducted in 2019-2020 on the base of Astrakhan State Technical University and a small innovative enterprise Modern Fishbreeding Complex Sharapovsky there was studied the method of increasing the biological and aquaculture potential of fast-growing tropical freshwater crayfish and shrimps by adjusting feed diets, chilled wet feed, and native formula feed based on feed components of local raw materials. Salicornia perennans Willd, a halophyte plant, was introduced into the formulation for the first time. As a result of experimental works the recommendations on semi-intensive and intensive cultivation of tropical freshwater species have been formulated, the possibility of increasing biological and aquaculture productivity of grown objects has been considered, which is recorded in the fish-biological standards and general management processes.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4272
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dworaczek ◽  
Maria Kurzylewska ◽  
Magdalena Laban ◽  
Dominika Drzewiecka ◽  
Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska ◽  
...  

In the present work, we performed immunochemical studies of LPS, especially the O-specific polysaccharide (O-PS) of Aeromonas veronii bv. sobria strain K133, which was isolated from the kidney of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) during an outbreak of motile aeromonad infection/motile aeromonad septicemia (MAI/MAS) on a Polish fish farm. The structural characterization of the O-PS, which was obtained by mild acid degradation of the LPS, was performed with chemical methods, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. It was revealed that the O-PS has a unique composition of a linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit and contains a rarely occurring sugar 2,4-diamino-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucose (bacillosamine), which may determine the specificity of the serogroup. Western blotting and ELISA confirmed that A. veronii bv. sobria strain K133 belongs to the new serogroup PGO1, which is one of the most commonly represented immunotypes among carp and trout isolates of Aeromonas sp. in Polish aquacultures. Considering the increase in the MAI/MAS incidences and their impact on freshwater species, also with economic importance, and in the absence of an effective immunoprophylaxis, studies of the Aeromonas O-antigens are relevant in the light of epidemiological data and monitoring emergent pathogens representing unknown antigenic variants and serotypes.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ogunlusi ◽  
Olanrewaju Olaniyan

Abstract Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $ 227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.


Author(s):  
I.M. Kovalenko ◽  
H.O. Klymenko ◽  
R.A. Yaroschuk ◽  
Yahui Su

Today, there are about 12,000 plants in the world that have healing properties and are used in both traditional and folk medicine. One of these plants is Ginkgo biloba L. In recent years, interest in its cultivation has increased in Ukraine, and improving the technology of growing this plant in the Ukrainian North-East is a relevant problem. Studies of G. biloba plants growing in the experimental area of Sumy NAU were conducted. On the basis of morphometric analysis, a number of morphoparameters were measured (plant height, annual growth of shoots, number of leaves, leaf size and leaf area, phytomass of the shoots, phytomass of leaves and phytomass of the stem, diameter of the shoots). The vital analysis, as well as the variance, correlation and regression analyses were carried out. G. biloba seedlings up to 3–4 years of life with different growing technology have a height of 25–30 cm and form 13–17 leaves per plant. The totality of morphometric characteristics in all variants of the G. biloba plant experiment corresponded to an equilibrium population of equilibrium type, in which in close proportions individuals of all three vitality types are present: a, b, and c. But at the same time a higher proportion (40 %) of individuals of class "a" was in the variant with the cultivation of G. biloba in greenhouse. The smallest part of individuals of high viability (only 20 %) was formed by cultivation of G. biloba in open soil without protection of the agro-grid. The ecological-coenotic stability of G. biloba has been noted many times, a certain limitation of G. biloba cultivation may be that this plant is light loving and thermophilic, but the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian North-East are favorable for it. Complex studies have shown the prospects and feasibility of growing G. biloba in the conditions of t the Ukrainian North-East as medicinal raw materials. Despite the stressful growing conditions for G. biloba, this species is characterized by high stability and adaptability, which is confirmed by our comparative morphometric and vital analysis of plants. Given that the age of the seedlings is negligible, further studies to determine the adaptability of G. biloba plants to growing conditions are not only desirable but also necessary.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Ogunlusi ◽  
Olanrewaju Olaniyan

Abstract Sericulture has been seen in Rwanda as an opportunity for increasing raw materials for the textile industry. Therefore, it has provided a new source of income, reduced unemployment and most likely to improve the livelihood status of poor sericulture smallholder producers by increasing their income earnings. The high yield in silk production has been pleasing due to the favourable climatic conditions for mulberry cultivation, sericulture has been seen as a potential tool to reduce poverty and also to generate foreign exchanges from exportation. The broad objective of this paper focuses on the impact of the livelihood status of smallholder producers in Rwanda. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed in selecting 286 sericulture households’ farmers in Gatsibo district. Data for this study were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, paired-samples t-test, cross-tabulation and chi-square test of independence. The results of this study showed clearly a significant improvement in the livelihood of the farmers. It was gathered that 82% asserted there are organized markets available for silk exportation. 77% affirmed an improvement in their income status. The average level of income per year from cocoon production among the farmers was estimated to be $227.59. It is of topmost priority for this program to continue because its effect has a very positive impact on the livelihood status of the beneficiaries. Farmers should be provided with continuous training, access to credits. If sustained properly it will resolve future challenges and springs more opportunities for farmers and likewise to the country through exports.


Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 252-255
Author(s):  
Д.К. Айдарбаев ◽  
А.Ж. Жарқынбек

В статье рассматриваются биологические и экологические особенности цистанхе, а также предусматривается этноботанические исследования, рекомендации по рациональному использованию. Выявлены некоторые значения Cistanchе, которое произрастает в Казахстане. Определена область использования в народной медицине цистанхе из семейства Orobanchaceae. В исследовании показана роль цистанхе, как растения с широким спектром фармакологических свойств. Проведен анализ маршрутно-рекогносцировочных исследований популяции цистанхе, определены распределение, запасы и объемы ежегодных заготовок по основным расположенным флористическим районам. Проведен расчет среднего суммарного объема заготовок сырья, собранных в Прибалхашье Алматинской области. В настоящее время в результате глобального потепления климатические условия меняются, и многие виды растений вымирают. Поэтому защита и эффективное использование растений является одной из самых актуальных проблем. Также важно изучить цистанхе, используемый в народной медицине как лекарственное растение. The article discusses the biological and ecological features of cistanche, as well as provides for ethnobotanical research, recommendations for rational use. Some values of Cistanche, which grows in Kazakhstan, are revealed. The scope of use in folk medicine of cistanha from the family Orobanchaceae is determined. The study shows the role of cistanche as a plant with a wide range of pharmacological properties. Conducted analysis of route-reconnaissance studies of cisterna populations, determined the distribution, stock and volumes of annual preparations for the main floristic areas. Calculated the average total volume of raw materials collected in the Balkhash region of Almaty region. As a result of global warming, climatic conditions are changing and many plant species are dying. Therefore, the protection and efficient use of plants is one of the most pressing problems. It is also important to study the tanks used in folk medicine as a medicinal plant.


2021 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Зоя Алиевна Яралиева

Климатические условия на большей части территории Российской Федерации не позволяют выращивать виноград в открытом грунте, поэтому его завозят из южных районов страны. Производство виноградных напитков обычно сосредоточено в местах выращивания винограда, так как доставка готовой продукции в северные регионы сопряжена со значительными финансовыми затратами. В Республике Дагестан выращивают около 30% винограда в масштабах всей страны, а площадь плодоносящих виноградников занимает более 20 тыс. га. Возникла необходимость переработать виноград таким образом, чтобы полуфабрикат для изготовления напитков выдерживал длительные сроки хранения и транспортировку, отличался высоким качеством и имел небольшую массу. Разработана технология получения виноградных криопорошков, которые можно использовать в качестве пищевых добавок, для изготовления восстановленных соков и напитков. Целью исследования было создание инновационной технологии производства криопорошков для получения безалкогольных напитков. Объектом исследования стал виноград дагестанских технических, столовых и изюмных сортов. Алгоритм получения криопорошков соответствовал предложенной автором схеме: доставка винограда, отделение гребней, инспекция, мойка, дробление, замораживание жидким азотом, обезвоживание в вакуумной СВЧ-установке, криоизмельчение и фасовка. При выполнении работы определяли качественный состав сырья и криопорошков с использованием аналитических приборов и лабораторного оборудования кафедры технологии продуктов питания и учреждений Дагестанского научного Центра РАН. Определен химический состав криопорошков, полученных из винограда, выращенного в горно-долинной зоне Дагестана. Приведены физико-химические показатели напитка из криопорошка винограда. Органолептические показатели изготовленных виноградных напитков подтвердили их высокие качественные показатели. Climatic conditions in most of the Russian Federation do not allow growing grapes in the open field, therefore they are imported from the southern regions of the country. The production of grape drinks is usually concentrated in places where grapes are grown, since the delivery of finished products to the northern regions is associated with significant financial costs. Winegrowers of the Republic of Dagestan grow about 30% of grapes throughout the country, and the area of fruit-bearing vineyards occupies more than 20 thousand hectares. There was a problem to process grapes in such a way that the semi-finished product for the production of drinks withstands long storage and transportation periods, is of high quality and has a small weight. A technology has been developed for producing grape cryopowders, which can be used as food additives, for the production of reconstituted juices and drinks. The aim of the study was to create an innovative technology for the production of cryopowders for the production of soft drinks. The objects of the study were Dagestan common and raisin grapes. The algorithm for obtaining cryopowders corresponded to the scheme proposed by the author: delivery of grapes, separation of ridges, inspection, washing, crushing, freezing with liquid nitrogen, dehydration in a vacuum microwave unit, cryo-grinding and packaging. When performing the work, the qualitative composition of raw materials and cryopowders was determined using analytical instruments and laboratory equipment of the Department of Food Technology and institutions of the Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The chemical composition of cryopowders obtained from grapes grown in the mountain-valley zone of Dagestan has been determined. The physical and chemical parameters of a wine drink made from grape cryopowder are given. The organoleptic characteristics of the produced wine drinks confirmed their high quality indicators.


1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Arjariya ◽  
Kalpana Chaurasia

The Chhatarpur District in central India is home to numerous herb species. The agro-climatic conditions prevailing in the region provide an ideal habitat for the natural growth of a variety of plants and herbs, which provide raw materials for pharmaceutical, phytochemical, food, flavoring and cosmetic industries. The paper provides information on 58 medicinal plants used by the Gond, Bhil and Bediya tribes of Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh, India, for the treatment of various diseases. Traditional medicine remains an integral part of the health system in this area. Medicinal plants of forest origin hold great promise to enhance the health and livelihoods of the forest dwellers. Key words: Ethno medicinal, tribes, medicinal plants, traditional uses, diseases. DOI: 10.3126/eco.v16i0.3472ECOPRINT 16: 43-50, 2009


Author(s):  
Nicolae Angelescu ◽  
Ioana Ion ◽  
Darius Stanciu ◽  
José Barroso Aguiar ◽  
Elena Valentina Stoian ◽  
...  

Abstract The development of polymeric materials offers new perspectives of science and technology due to their outstanding properties. These properties are obtained either due to the effect of dispersion polymers and their polymerization either due to their intervention in structure formation. They were prepared epoxy resin polymer concrete, Portland cement, coarse and fine aggregate and to evaluate the influence of resin dosage on microstructures and density of such structures reinforced concrete mixtures. The paper detailing the raw materials used in experimental works and structural properties of concrete studied.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Рустам Низамов ◽  
Rustam Nizamov ◽  
Салават Сулейманов ◽  
Salavat Suleymanov ◽  
Фаик Сафиоллин ◽  
...  

Application of biological preparations and liquid fertilizer-stimulating compositions is a perspective direction of acceleration of growth rates of production of sunflower oil raw materials in soil and climatic conditions of the middle Volga region owing to the following reasons: they stimulate the growth capacity of shoots and accelerate the transition of plants to autotrophic nutrition. As a result, a powerful deep-penetrating sunflower root system is formed, which provides additional sources of food and moisture from such deep layers of soil that are completely inaccessible to cereals; antibiotics produced by biopreparations and chelate form of copper reduces infection of seeds and crops by pathogens of basket and root rot. The number of affected plants is reduced by 35-38% depending on the varietal characteristics of the culture; a positive merger of two factors (additional nutrition and protection of plants from diseases) in one direction is the basis for the formation of highly productive agrocenoses, providing additional production of 0.26-0.27 t/ha of sunflower oil seeds (132-138 kg/ha of vegetable oil).


Author(s):  
Aranya Jyoti Gayan

Rubber is one of the most versatile industrial raw-materials which find use in a variety of diversified activities, ranging from clinical to defense. It literally turns the wheels of industry and there is hardly any walk of life where rubber is not used. Rubber is an elastomeric which has a natural source as well as a synthetic analogue, known as synthetic rubber. Natural rubber accounts for 78% of the consumption in India where as the global consumption of rubber are 64% synthetic and 36% natural rubber. The social and economic benefits of rubber plantation produce are new jobs, renewable raw-materials, and absorbing carbon emissions. Rubber plantation creates a host of jobs, from directly rubber harvesting activities to those created indirectly to support the needs of the plantation workers. The agro-climatic conditions of NER are quite similar to that of South-West coastal region- the traditional rubber plantation area in terms of rainfall, humidity, temperature and suitable soil structure. It is for this reason the NER registered itself in the list of non-traditional region of rubber growers. In Dimoria region there are about thirty numbers of Rubber Plantation gardens. Villagers in this hilly area on the city outskirts have found way to stretch their income-growing rubber. The paper presents a case study of the rubber plantation of this locality.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document