scholarly journals The effect of alcohol-containing mouthwash and alcohol-free mouthwash towards the power chains force decay

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Santana ◽  
Bergman Thahar ◽  
Endah Mardiati ◽  
Jono Salim
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Device

Introduction: Power chains is the common device used in fixed orthodontic treatment. Force decay in power chains is a problem that can affect the teeth movement due to a continuous force cannot be maintained. Force decay in power chain can be affected by the use of alcohol-containing mouthwash or alcohol-free mouthwash. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of alcoholic-containing mouthwash, alcohol-free mouthwash, and artificial saliva towards the power chains force decay. Methods: This research was an experimental analytic laboratory in-vitro with the comparative approach. The sample in this study were 40 power chain, short A (SA); 40 power chain, short B (SB); 40 power chain, long A (LA); and 40 power chain, long B (LB), which divided into 5 groups that were consecutively exposed to the artificial saliva as control group; Minosep® with 0.1% of chlorhexidine gluconate; Listerine® with 0% of alcohol; Hexadol® with 9% of alcohol; and Listerine® with 26.9% of alcohol. The measurement of force decay was performed with digital force gauge on day 0, 1, 14, and 28. The statistical analysis was done by using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Result: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the force decay of power chain that exposed to the alcohol-containing mouthwash, alcohol-free mouthwash, and the artificial saliva. Conclusion: The force decay level of power chain that exposed to an alcohol-containing mouthwash was higher compared to the force decay level of power chain that exposed to an alcohol-free mouthwash and an artificial saliva.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Force Decay between Coil Spring, Elastomeric Chain and Tie-backs in Various Alcohol Concentrations found in Mouth Rinse: An In-vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Asma Fatima ◽  
Prasad Konda ◽  
Asiya Fatima ◽  
Hidayathulla Shaikh ◽  
Butool Zohra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Coil Spring ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Force Decay

Background: The ability to close space efficiently in Orthodontics is of major clinical importance. Elastomeric power chain, coil spring, and tiebacks are commonly used in Orthodontics to achieve tooth movement during the closure of spaces. Many mouth rinses which are used by the patients to achieve good oral hygiene affect the properties of the material used during treatment resulting in force decay if they contain alcohol. Aim: To know the effect of mouth rinses containing different alcohol Concentrations on the force decay of retraction materials. Materials and Methods: A study was carried out to test the effect of alcohol exposure found in mouth rinses on orthodontic NiTi closing coils, elastomeric chains, and tie-back. A total of 135 specimens were divided into one control group and two test groups submerged in artificial saliva at 37⁰ C. Two test groups each of them exposed to different alcohol-containing mouthwashes (Listerine and Povidone-iodine) for 60 seconds twice a day and the control group were exposed only to deionized (DI) water for 28 days. Force measurements were taken at six-time points (initial, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days) using a digital force gauge. Results: The comparison between the tensile strength was made by digital force gauge and the p-value (≤ 0.05) for tensile strength was derived by ANOVA test, multiple comparisons, and Tukey’s correction. Significant force decay was seen in test groups when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Force degradation of retraction products used during orthodontic treatment was effected by mouth rinses containing alcohol.

scholarly journals Influence of Simulated Pulpal Pressure on Efficacy of Bleaching Gels

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres ◽  
Graziela Ribeiro Batista ◽  
Alessandra Bühler Borges ◽  
Paula Tamião Arantes ◽  
Annette Wiegand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bleaching Gels ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of simulated pulpal pressure on efficacy of bleaching gels. Materials and methods Cylindrical enamel-dentin specimens from bovine teeth (3 mm diameter, enamel and dentin layer each 1 mm thick) were divided into 4 groups, according to the bleaching treatment: negative control (non-bleached), bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP), bleached with 7.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Ten percent CP gel was applied for 8 h/day and 7.5% HP for 1 h/day, during 14 days. For 35% HP treatment, two sessions of 45 minutes each were employed. In intermediate periods specimens were stored in artificial saliva. Experimental groups (n = 19) were subdivided according to the simulation of pulpal pressure (25 mm Hg) during bleaching treatment. Initial color measurement and after bleaching treatment were assessed by spectrophotometry, using CIE L*a*b* system. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA and Dunnett's posthoc tests (p < 0.05). Results There was significant difference of ∆E for all experimental groups compared to negative control group, according to Dunnett's test (p < 0.0001). There were no significant difference for total color variation (∆E) among experimental groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion It was concluded that all bleaching gels showed bleaching efficacy compared to non-bleached group and that the simulated pulpal pressure did not influence the bleaching outcomes of the tested gels. Clinical significance Although numerous in vitro studies investigating the efficacy of bleaching agents have been performed, they do not properly simulate the pulpal pressure. In order to make these studies closer to clinical conditions, it is important to reproduce these conditions in laboratory, so the results can be more reliable. This in vitro study was performed under simulated pulpal pressure, aiming to investigate its influence on dental bleaching outcomes. How to cite this article Borges AB, Batista GR, Arantes PT, Wiegand A, Attin T, Torres CRG. Influence of Simulated Pulpal Pressure on Efficacy of Bleaching Gels. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4):407-412.

The Environmental Influence of Light Coke™, Phosphoric Acid, and Citric Acid on Elastomeric Chains

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Teixeira ◽  
Betina do Rosário Pereira ◽  
Thais Gelatti Bortoly ◽  
João Armando Brancher ◽  
Odilon Guariza-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Decay Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Abstract Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of Light Coke™, phosphoric acid, and citric acid on the force decline pattern of two types of elastomeric chains. Methods and Materials One hundred sixty gray colored elastomeric chain modules, 80 Chainette (GAC) and 80 Sunburst™ (GAC) chains, were divided into four groups for immersion into Light Coke, phosphoric acid, citric acid, and artificial saliva. The initial stretched force of the elastomeric chains ranged from 220gf to 250gf. During the experiment, all elastomeric chains were kept immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C (pH≈6.24) to simulate the oral environment. To simulate daily consumption of Light Coke, the elastomeric chains were immersed in the solutions twice a day for 15 minutes. The control group was kept immersed in artificial saliva continuously with no further treatment. Force (gf) was measured with a Dial-Type dynamometer (Dentaurum®), initially (baseline), 24 hours, 7, 14, and 21 days. Data were analyzed using the Tukey test at a 5% level of probability. Results A statistically significant reduction on the force produced by the elastomeric chains was seen at different time points. The greatest reduction in force occurred in the first 24 hours (p=0.01). Conclusion Force decay of the Chainette elastomeric chains were lower than the Sunburst™ chain (p<0.05). The immersion treatments caused no statistically significant difference in force for either chain module (p>0.05). Clinical Significance Good elastomeric chain properties are necessary for effective tooth movement, and knowledge of force-decay rates is an important factor in achieving the best orthodontic outcome. Citation Teixeira L, Pereira BP, Bortoly TG, Brancher JA, Tanaka OM, Guariza-Filho O. The Environmental Influence of Light Coke™, Phosphoric Acid, and Citric Acid on Elastomeric Chains. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:017-024.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of Two Different Mouthwashes on Frictional Resistance Between Orthodontic Bracket and Archwire: An in Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Jayanti Choudhary ◽  
B Shashikumar ◽  
Anand K Patil
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of tea tree oil (TTO) mouthwash and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on frictional resistance. Settings and Design: In vitro. Materials and Methods: In total, 60 extracted premolars were mounted on a custom-made acrylic fixture. These 60 premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 each, on which 0.022″ × 0.028″ slot MBT stainless steel brackets were bonded and 0.019″ × 0.025″ rectangular stainless steel wire was ligated with an elastomeric module. The 3 groups included a control group where the samples were immersed in artificial saliva and 2 experimental groups immersed in 0.2% CHX and TTO mouthwash, respectively, for 1.5 hours. Postimmersion static frictional resistance was evaluated on a universal testing machine at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Statistical Analysis Used: Tukey’s post hoc procedure. Results: This study showed a statistically significant difference in the frictional resistance between saliva and CHX groups and CHX and TTO groups ( P < .05). No statistically significant difference was observed between saliva and TTO groups ( P > .05). The frictional resistance was more in the CHX mouthwash group than in the TTO mouthwash group. Conclusions: Frictional resistance was lesser in the TTO mouthwash than in the CHX mouthwash. Based on this result, TTO mouthwash can be used instead of CHX mouthwash as an oral hygiene aid in patients with orthodontic treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Time Periods of Vital Bleaching on Flexural Strength of Bovine Enamel and Dentin Complex

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjaneh Ghavamnasiri ◽  
Sara Abedini LNU ◽  
Alireza Mahdizadeh Tazangi
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Abstract Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of 20% carbamide peroxide (CP) on the flexural strength (FS) of bovine enamel and dentin complex. Methods and Materials One hundred sound bovine teeth were selected for use. Blocks (2×3×8 mm) from the middle portion of the facial surfaces of each crown were sectioned from the teeth. The specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=20) based on the time period of vital bleaching. Group 1 comprised the control group kept in artificial saliva. The experimental groups subjected to immersion in 20% CP, Opalescence, for four, six and eight weeks, respectively (eight hours daily). Mechanical testing was performed 24 hours after the last treatment using an Instron Universal Testing Machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Results Mean values for FS were 141.27, 103.06, 120.71, 130.23, and 117.90 (Mpa), respectively. Statistically significant differences in FS were noted among the groups. A statistically significant difference was observed between Group 2 (two week bleach) and the control. Conclusion Application of 20% CP bleach for two weeks provided significant decreases in FS of bovine enamel and dentin complex. Similar decreases were not observed among the other groups. Citation Ghavamnasiri M, Abedini S, Tazangi AM. Effect of Different Time Periods of Vital Bleaching on Flexural Strength of Bovine Enamel and Dentin Complex. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 March;(8)3:021-028.

scholarly journals The influence of elastomeric ligatures pigmentation on smile aesthetics during orthodontic treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Galindo Florêncio MIRANDA ◽  
Ana Paula Terossi de GODOI ◽  
Carolina Carmo de MENEZES ◽  
Mário VEDOVELLO FILHO ◽  
Giovana Cherubini VENEZIAN
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Adobe Photoshop ◽  
Color Data ◽  
Smile Aesthetics

ABSTRACT Aim: To assess the influence of elastomeric ligatures, subjected to a previous in vitro pigmentation process using different substances, on smile aesthetics during orthodontic treatment, from the perception of students and professionals. Methods: Eight elastomeric ligatures of five commercial brands (3M/Unitek, American Orthodontics, Morelli, Ortho Technology, and Orthometric) (n=8) were immersed in coffee, Coca-Cola, and red wine for one minute per day, for 28 days; and another group of ligatures was immersed in artificial saliva. All samples were photographed and subsequently analyzed using the Adobe Photoshop software, by the RGB method. Afterwards, the pigmented ligatures were inserted in a patient wearing orthodontic brackets, and zoomed photographs of the smile were taken and presented to 40 evaluators, who filled in a satisfaction scale sheet to express their opinion on the smile aesthetics of each photograph. The color data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests. Results: The substance with the highest pigmentation potential was coffee (p< 0.05) followed by red wine (p< 0.05). Comparison among the brands used in this study showed that American Orthodontics and Orthometric had the lowest degree of pigmentation when immersed in coffee and red wine (p< 0.05), respectively. However, the brand that showed the highest level of satisfaction among the evaluators was Ortho Technology. Conclusions: The presence of pigmented elastomeric ligatures affected smile aesthetics, when compared with the control group.

scholarly journals Effect of sodium fluoride in chlorhexidine mouthwashes on force decay and permanent deformation of orthodontic elastomeric chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Erliera Sufarnap ◽  
Kholidina Imanda Harahap ◽  
Terry Terry
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Introduction: Orthodontic elastomeric chain is polyurethane elastomer that is widely used among orthodontists due to its functions. Chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) are listed in mouthwash composition which could affect the mechanical properties of the elastomeric chain. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of sodium fluoride in chlorhexidine mouthwashes on force decay and permanent deformation of orthodontic elastomeric chains. Methods: This research is an experimental analytic laboratory with pretest-posttest control group design. 150 samples of orthodontic chains were divided into three groups. Group 1: artificial saliva (control group); Group 2: 0,1% chlorhexidine gluconate solution (CHX); Group 3: 0,1% chlorhexidine digluconate with sodium fluoride solution (CHX-NaF). The orthodontic elastomeric chain was stretched and maintained at a standardized distance equivalent to a force of 300 g. The measurement of force decay and permanent deformation were performed with digital force gauge and digital caliper (0.01mm) at intervals of the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first, and twenty-eighth days, respectively. Results: The force decay and permanent deformation of the elastomeric chain compared between three groups (control, CHX mouthwash and CHX+NaF mouthwash) showed did not have any significantly different (p-value>0,05) at the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first, and twenty-eighth days, respectively. Conclusion: Sodium fluoride in chlorhexidine mouthwash showing no significant difference among saliva, CHX mouthwash and CHX+NaF mouthwash on force decay and permanent deformation of elastomeric chain.

Effects of Different Commercially Available Mouth Rinses on The Force Degradation of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Halima Mohammed Hassan ◽  
Anees Mahmood Mudhir
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Mouth Rinses ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mouth Wash ◽  
And Control ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Aim of the study: To evaluate the effects of different commercial type of mouthwashes on the force decay of the orthodontic elastomeric chain. Materials and methods: two hundred pieces of the elastomeric chains with two different configurations were divided into five groups (one control group and four different mouthwashes groups). after one-day immersion in artificial saliva then immersion in the specific mouthwashes (kin, Vitis, perio_aid, splat) for one minute twice daily and time intervals after 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 then washed and kept in artificial saliva at 37°C again. Force decay was calculated by Instron measured, digital force gauge - Instron universal testing machine then compared different force decay of elastic types. Results: A significant difference was found among between the four types of mouth wash and control group, according to close and short elastic chain the kin mouth wash was shows a significant difference (0.002), while splat mouthwash was shown a no significant difference. Conclusion: splat mouth wash groups showed no significant influence on the force degradation of the chain elastics tested. Kin mouthwash exhibit the highest force decay and found different significant effects.

scholarly journals Effect of two erosive protocols using acidic beverages on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to bovine enamel

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Catielma Nascimento Santos ◽  
Felipe de Souza Matos ◽  
Sigmar de Mello Rode ◽  
Paulo Francisco Cesar ◽  
Flávia Pardo Salata Nahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
Adhesive Remnant Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microhardness Testing ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Abstract Objective: To assess the short-term effect of two in vitro erosive challenge protocols on the bond strength of metal orthodontic brackets on bovine enamel. Methods: Sixty bovine incisors were selected and randomly divided into six groups: AS7 (artificial saliva - 7 days, Control Group); CC7 (Coca-Cola™ - 7 days); LJ7 (lime juice - 7 days); AS30 (artificial saliva - 30 days, Control Group); CC30 (Coca-Cola™ - 30 days); LJ30 (lime juice - 30 days). Microhardness testing was performed prior to the erosive challenge to verify the standardization of samples. Immersion was performed 4x/day for five minutes, for either 7 or 30 days. After immersions were concluded, the brackets were bonded and shear bond strength was assessed after 48 hours. The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was also assessed. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post-hoc and Student’s t test for paired samples, and the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test (α = 5%). Results: The mean and standard deviation of microhardness testing of total samples were 281.89 ± 44.51 KHN. There was no statistically significant difference in shear bond strength for the time factor (7 or 30 days; F5.54= 0.105; p = 0.901). However, there was a statistically significant difference for the solution factor (F5.54= 6.671; p = 0.003). These differences occurred among solutions of Saliva x Coca-Cola™ (p = 0.003) and Coca-Cola™ x Lime Juice (p= 0.029). The assessment of the Adhesive Remnant Index showed no significant difference between groups. Conclusions: The immersion time used in the erosion protocols did not affect the bond strength of brackets to teeth. Coca-Cola™ induced significantly higher shear bond strength values than lime juice and artificial saliva. However, the short term effects of 7/30 days in this in vitro study may not be extrapolated for in vivo ones. Clinical studies should be conducted, substantiating the laboratory results.

scholarly journals Long-Term Sorption and Solubility of Zirconia-Impregnated PMMA Nanocomposite in Water and Artificial Saliva

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3732
Author(s):  
Saleh Zidan ◽  
Nikolaos Silikas ◽  
Julfikar Haider ◽  
Julian Yates
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zirconia Nanoparticles

Exposure of denture base acrylic resins to the oral environment and storage media for extended periods of time results in sorption of saliva or water, leading to a reduction in physical properties and thus clinical service life. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the sorption and solubility of high-impact heat-polymerised denture base acrylic resin (HI PMMA) impregnated with zirconia nanoparticles after being stored for 180 days in distilled water (DW) and artificial saliva (AS). The specimens were divided into six groups for each storage medium, according to the concentration of zirconia nanoparticles (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, and 10.0 wt.%). Data were statistically analysed for sorption and solubility using one-way and two-way ANOVA statistical tests. Sorption in DW and AS for all groups containing zirconia showed sorption values lower than the control group at 90 days, though not significantly different (p > 0.05) compared to the control group. For both the DW and AS groups, the lowest solubility value was measured in the group containing 3 wt.% zirconia, however, there was no significant difference compared to the control group except when observing 10 wt.% zirconia in AS, which showed a significantly higher solubility (p < 0.05). High-impact PMMA, impregnated with low concentrations of ZrO2, showed the lowest sorption and solubility in both media, but was not significantly different compared to pure HI PMMA.

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