scholarly journals Perception of Nigerian Open and Distance Learning Students on the Use of Instructional Technologies for Pedagogic Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Samuel ◽  
Mudasiru O. Yusuf ◽  
Charles O. Olumorin
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Instructional Technologies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Open And Distance Learning ◽  
Frequency Counts

This study aimed at determining the perceptions of distance learning students of the availability, accessibility, usefulness and influence of instructional technologies for acquiring pedagogic experience at Ogbomoso, Osogbo and Ilorin, Nigeria. The study was descriptive of cross-sectional survey type and used a researchers-designed questionnaire to collect data. A total of 397 undergraduate students were randomly sampled from six faculties in the sampled study centres. Four research questions were raised, answered and analyzed using frequency counts and percentages. The results showed that instructional technologies were not sufficiently available and accessible to the students at study centres for the acquisition of pedagogic experiences. The findings revealed that students displayed a good level of interest in experiential learning using the available instructional technologies due to a high perception of usefulness of instructional technologies for learning. However, inadequacy of the instructional technologies was a constraint towards access and adequacy of their utilization by the students. It was recommended that government and non-governmental organizations should work to procure adequate instructional technologies that would facilitate easy access to pedagogical experiences.

scholarly journals Contribution of exotic chicken breeds to dietary diversity of the rural households in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Teklemariam Abadi
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Chicken Breed ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Chicken Breeds

The study was conducted in midland and lowland agro-ecological zone of North western zone of Tigray, Ethiopia. Two districts were selected purposively based on their potential exotic chicken breed production. Out of the total chicken producers in the study area 264 farmers, 132 from each of the two districts were selected randomly using systematic random sampling methods. It was conducted in cross sectional survey data from 264 respondents in 2016. Its aim was to assess the contribution of producing exotic chicken to dietary diversity of the rural households with 24 hours recall method. The study examines the study area is characterized in a low dietary diversity mainly defined by starchy staples (grains, condiments, oil or fats) at the expense of protein sources (meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, eggs). The result also indicates that there is a higher probability of the exotic chicken producers groups to move from a medium dietary diversity status to a high dietary diversity status as compared with indigenous chicken producers. Based on the study result, there is possibility to improve dietary diversity and income of the households through introduction and dissemination of exotic chicken breeds to rural households. Hence, governmental and non-governmental organizations should help in intervention of exotic chicken breed to the farm households by giving different incentives.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Health Impact of Climate Change and Practice of Preventive Measures among Students of a Nigerian Tertiary Institution

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
J. R. Nzeobi ◽  
H. N. Chineke ◽  
C. F. Ubajaka ◽  
P. O. U. Adogu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Background: Every century has its own public health challenge. Climate change is the present century's challenge. There are various health risks arising from climate change which without mitigation actions, will tend to worsen with each passing day. Study Aim and Objective: To study the knowledge of health impact of climate change and practice of appropriate preventive measures among students of a Nigerian Tertiary Institution Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out using structured questionnaires. These questionnaires were shared randomly among students from five selected departments in the college of health science and data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0 Results: It was found that all the students were aware of climate change and 91.7% knew about the effect of climate change on health. Significantly 78.7% believed that climate change was from man-made causes but surprisingly only 34.3% were taking actions in mitigating the effect of climate change. Conclusion: Despite the high knowledge about climate change, majority of actions taken by the students were just for convenience and to save money, not necessarily because they wanted to prevent the effects of climate change on health. Recommendation: Government and Non-governmental organizations should form advocacy clubs for young students as a platform to sensitize them on climate change and its effects. There is need to introduce rewards and sponsorships for individuals who successfully learn about climate change and ways to mitigate its effect on health.

scholarly journals Examination of the Hexad User Types and their Relationships with Gender, Game Mode, and Gamification Experience in the Context of Open and Distance Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Şenocak ◽  
Köksal Büyük ◽  
Aras Bozkurt
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Open And Distance Learning ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Learning Ecology ◽  
Common User

Gamification, which is defined as the use of game design elements in non-game contexts, is put forward as a solution to low motivation and is suggested for the creation of a sustainable learning ecology in open and distance learning (ODL). The overall purpose of the present study was to examine the distribution of the Hexad gamification user types and the correlations of gamification experience, game mode, and gender with the user types’ scores within the context of an ODL system. The researchers adapted quantitative cross-sectional survey design to seek answers in this study. The Hexad user types of distance learners were determined based on the online “Gamification User Types Hexad Scale.” Findings revealed that the most common user types in the ODL environment were Philanthropists, Achievers, and Free Spirits, followed by Socializers and Players with a lower mean, while the least common user type was Disruptors. Women tended to score higher than men on the Disruptor user type. Achievers, Socializers, Philanthropists, and Players preferred multiplayer game modes, while the game mode had little influence on Free Spirits and Disruptors. Regarding the gamification experience, Players and Free Spirits seemed to have more experience of gamified applications. This study provides insights to learning designers in developing gamified ODL systems to engage the different Hexad user types.

NIGERIAN OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING LECTURERS’ DIFFICULTY IN CONSTRUCTING STUDENTS’ TEST ITEMS

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Johnson Ayodele Opateye
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Open And Distance Learning

 This paper examines the level of difficulty lecturers experience in constructing test items for various types of tests based on gender and institutional mode of delivery in an Open and Distance Learning higher education context. Descriptive cross-sectional survey research was adopted as the research paradigm, using lecturers from one single mode and one dual mode ODL institution in South West Nigeria as the study population. Stratified simple random sampling techniques were used to select 240 lecturers as the sample. Three research questions and two hypotheses guided the study’s investigation. A questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.78 using Cronbach’s alpha value was used as the research instrument. Frequency, percentages, t-test statistics and charts were utilised to analyse the data. The results showed that ODL lecturers exhibited moderate levels of difficulty in test item construction. Female ODL lecturers found case study, multiple choice, matching, essay, and completion items more difficult to generate than their male counterparts did. There was a significant difference in the difficulty male and female ODL lecturers experienced in constructing test items. Significant differences were also found in the difficulty experienced by single and dual mode ODL lecturers in construct test items. The findings of the study have implications for the capacity development of lecturers, ODL institution management, and test experts in order to improve lecturers’ capacities in test items construction.

scholarly journals Resource Allocation, Evaluational Capacity Building M&E Results Utilization Among Community Based Organizations in Meru County in Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Cavens Kithinji ◽  
Christopher Gakuu ◽  
Harriet Kidombo
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Based Organizations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
High Level ◽  
Project Level

Building capacity for evaluation has become a big concern in the effort of ensuring that evaluations are meaningful. Part of this capacity includes making sure that M&E activities have resources needed to carry them out. This study sought to establish the influence of allocating resources for M&E activities on the utilization of M&E result at the project level in Kenya’s Meru County. The study used a mixed mode approach in methodology and it was both a descriptive survey and a cross-sectional survey and used both descriptive and inferential analysis of the data collected. The study sampled 186 respondents from a targeted population of 430 employees working in Non-Governmental organizations and other community based organizations in the county. The study showed that resources were allocated for various M&E activities to a great extent. The study also noted high level of M&E results utilization at project level by project employees and all the indicators of resources allocation had positive correlation with M&E result utilization. It was noted that for every unit increase in resource allocation, there was an increase of 26.1% in M&E result utilization score which is a percentage that would justify allocating resources for M&E activities by project organizations.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge and Sources of Information on Lassa Fever Infection Among the Undergraduate Students of Ebonyi State University, Nigeria

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402110063
Author(s):  
MaryJoy Umoke ◽  
Prince Christian Ifeanachor Umoke ◽  
Chioma Adaora Nwalieji ◽  
Rosemary N. Onwe ◽  
Ifeanyi Emmanuel Nwafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
State University ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Academic Level

Lassa fever is a zoonotic disease characterized by acute viral hemorrhagic fever, endemic in West Africa including Nigeria. The study assessed the knowledge and sources of information on Lassa fever infection among the undergraduate students of Ebonyi State University, Nigeria. This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted among a sample of 389 students (18 years above). A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed with SPSS (Version 20), and hypotheses were tested at p < .05 level of significance. Results showed that the majority of the students had good knowledge of Lassa fever description, 232 (60.75%); the signs and symptoms, 221 (57.9%); mode of transmission, 261 (68.41%); and preventive measures, 291 (76.13%). Radio, 23 (84.6%), and television, 307 (80.4%), were their major sources of information. Age ( p = .424), sex ( p = .082), and academic level ( p = .553) were not significant in the study, while faculty (social sciences; p = .000*) was strongly associated with the knowledge of Lassa fever. In conclusion, the overall knowledge of Lassa fever was good among students, though knowledge gaps were observed in the signs and symptoms. We recommend that health education on endemic diseases in the state be made a compulsory course as a general study (GST) in the university. Also, the internet, social media, and campus campaign be further used to educate and sensitize students on the effect of Lassa fever.

scholarly journals Stress and Its Impact on Academic and Social Life of Undergraduate University Students in Ghana: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Koawo Edjah ◽  
Francis Ankomah ◽  
Ebenezer Domey ◽  
John Ekow Laryea
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractStress is concomitant with students’ life and can have a significant impact on their lives, and even how they go about their academic work. Globally, in every five visits by patients to the doctor, three are stress-related problems. This study examined stress and its impact on the academic and social life among students of a university in Ghana. The descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. Using the stratified and simple random (random numbers) sampling methods, 500 regular undergraduate students were engaged in the study. A questionnaire made up of Perceived Stress Scale and Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale was used to gather data for the study. Frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with AMOS were used for the analyses. It was found that majority of the students were moderately stressed. Paramount among the stressors were academic stressors, followed by institutional stressors, and external stressors. Stress had a significant positive impact on the academic and social life of students. It was concluded that undergraduate students, in one way or the other, go through some kind of stress during the course of their study. It was recommended that the university, through its Students’ Affairs, and Counselling Sections, continue to empower students on how to manage and deal with stress in order to enhance their academic life.

Underuse of Injectable Penicillin in Secondary Prophylaxis of Rheumatic Heart Disease in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 009-012
Author(s):  
Laudari S
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Prophylaxis ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Rheumatic Heart

Background and Aims: Secondary prophylaxis has remained the mainstay of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease management. Despite the proven ef􀏐icacy and superiority of injectable penicillin in rheumatic heart disease patients, it has been underused in Nepal. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based cross-sectional study during June 2014 to October 2018 over a period of 52 months at College of Medical Sciences-Bharatpur including 350 patients with clinical and/or echocardiographic evidence of de􀏐inite rheumatic heart disease. Data was collected from both cardiology outpatients and inpatients (admitted in cardioward/coronary care unit). Relevant data and information were entered into the pre-structured proforma and then analyzed by SPSS-16 software. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 6 to 80 years with mean age 36.76±4.6years with female preponderance (F:M=1.26:1). The predominantly involved isolated valve was mitral in 152 patients (44.43%) followed by aortic valve in 70 patients (20.00%) and rest 90 (25.71%) had dual valvular involvement. The common complications encountered were heart failure in 200(57.14%) and arrhythmias in 155(44.29%) patients. Two hundred ten (60.00%) of the patients received penicillin (oral and injectable) and erythromycin. Majority 180/210=85.71%) were prescribed on oral penicillin whereas only 46/210=21.90% received injectable penicillin; the ratio being 3.35:1. Conclusion: RHD is a leading cause of heart failure and death among young population. There is underuse of penicillin with very minimal focus on use of injectable penicillins currently. Hence, Nepal government and other non-governmental organizations should consider implementation of use of penicillin broadly and moreover focus on use and adherence of injectable penicillin. Keywords: Rheumatic Heart Disease, Penicillin, Underuse, Secondary Prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Maxillofacial Defects and their Prosthetic Rehabilitation among Dental Undergraduate Students in Belagavi District- A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shreya ◽  
Ramesh P Nayakar
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Maxillofacial defects are facial disfigurements resulting from congenital abnormalities, surgical resection of tumours, trauma, or a combination of these. The resulting deformity often leads to a difficult path of recovery with lifelong consequences, causing both physical disability and mental distress. Prosthetic rehabilitation is not only a solution to cover the physical deficit, but also a way to improve function as well as the quality of life for such patients. However, the knowledge amongst undergraduate dental health professionals about the same has been at sparse. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding maxillofacial defects and their prosthetic rehabilitation amongst dental undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January 2020 and June 2020, amidst the third year, fourth year undergraduate students, and interns of Belagavi city, Karnataka, India. The data was collected using a 16-item custom designed proforma, comprising of questions evaluating student’s basic knowledge about the diagnosis, treatment procedures, and treatment planning of maxillofacial defects and their prosthetic rehabilitation. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test in each group, using SPSS version 22 p-value <0.05 to be considered significant. Results: A total of 286 participants answered the questionnaire, of which 117 (40.9%) were interns, 116 (40.6%) were third year students, and 53 (18.5%) were fourth year students. 279 (97.6%) participants had an understanding regarding maxillofacial defects. Of those who had witnessed cases, only 18.2% had observed more than three cases (p-value <0.001). Out of respondents with treatment understanding, 184 (64.3%) answered that it required a multidisciplinary approach (p-value <0.001). 197 (68.9%) of the respondents felt that silicone was the most commonly used material (p<0.003). 165 (57.7%) answered that waxes were the most commonly used impression material (p-value <0.001). Out of the respondents awared about treatment modalities, 120 (42%) respondents majority answered that CAD-CAM would contribute the most to maxillofacial rehabilitation. Conclusion: Comprehensive understanding and clinical application of prosthodontic rehabilitation of maxillofacial defects among undergraduate students was found to be lacking. This awareness should be initiated at an early stage of the clinical training for undergraduate training programme, as it will help to understand the basic aspects involved in the prosthodontic rehabilitation of maxillofacial defects.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and practice on COVID-19 among undergraduate students of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal: An online cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
KR Pandey ◽  
DR Panday ◽  
P Pyakurel ◽  
S Marahatta ◽  
SP Rimal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: COVID-19, a global health crisis of the 21st century, has threatened possibly every aspect of human life. Since the pandemic is not yet over, this study was carried out among undergraduate students of a medical institute in Nepal to assess and boost their KAP status on the disease. Material and methods: It was an online cross-sectional census survey performed among consenting undergraduate healthcare students of BPKIHS. A self-made and validated questionnaire assessing KAP on COVID-19 was prepared in Google form and distributed online among target students. The study population was 745. Both descriptive and inferential analysis of the data was performed. Student’s T-Test and one-way ANOVA were applied for which level of statistical significance was kept at p<0.05. Results: Ninety-six students participated in a pilot-study (Cronbach α= 0.792). The response rate was 76.27%. Most participants (76.76%) were from Nepal.  The male/female ratio was 0.76. Most (59.2%) had not participated in such studies before. For 93.54%, the source of information was the internet. Assessed by questionnaire, right Knowledge (n=16) was 85.06% ± 8.81%; right Attitude (n=6) was 65.00% ± 16.16 and right Practice (n=6) was 82.88%± 8.50%. Male were more knowledgeable about the disease (p=0.011). However, females secured higher in practical aspects (p=0.000). Indian students possessed better knowledge (p=0.005) and a better attitude (p=0.033). MBBS students had better knowledge (p=0.000), but Nursing students secured higher in Practice (p=0.012). Attitude is better in the earlier years (p=0.045). Conclusion: We assessed KAP related to COVID-19 via score among healthcare undergraduate students. Different co-factors do impact students’ overall KAP status.

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